G H I (vowel) I (consonant) K L M N O P Q
The subdivision of I is as in the original.
Introduction (separate file)
A-F (separate file)
R-Ȝ (separate file)
Gabben, v. to lie, mock, scoff, jest, prate, S, C, PP, Prompt., Cath., JD.—Icel. gabba, to mock.
Gabbynge, sb. lying, deceit, PP, Prompt., HD.
Gabbere, sb. liar, chatterer, CM, Prompt. (n).
Gadeling, sb. comrade, fellow, vagabond; gadelyng, PP, G, CM; gadlyng, HD; gedelynge, PP, HD; gedelyng, S2.—AS. gædeling OS. gaduling, a kinsman; cp. Goth. gadiliggs, a sister’s son.
Gaderare, sb. gatherer, S.
Gaderen, v. to gather, S, PP, C; gadery, S2; gadir, S2; gadire, W2; gedern, S; gedre, S2; gaddreð, pr. s., S; gaderid, pt. s., PP; gadred, S2; gederide, PP; ȝe-gadered, pp., S; y-gadered, S3; gedrid, S2.—AS. gaderian, gædrian.
Gadering, sb. gathering, S.—AS. gaderung.
Gæde, pt. s. went, S.—AS. ge-éode (OET. p. 622). Cf. ȝeode.
Gærsume, s. pl. treasures; see Gersum.
Gæt, sb. pl. goats, S; see Goot.
Gagates, sb. jet, S2.—Lat. gagates, jet; Gr. γαγάτης. See Iette.
Gage, v. to measure the contents of a vessel, to guage, S3, Sh.—AF. gauger (F. jauger); from OF. *gauge; cp. Low Lat. jalagium, ‘jus mensuræ’ (Ducange).
Gaignage, sb. crop, fruit of tilled or planted ground, HD; gaynage, S3.—OF. gaignage, produce, revenue, Cotg.; from OF. gaigner, to get, win.
Gainges, sb. pl. goings, S2. See Gan.
Gairding, sb. garden, S3; see Gardin.
Gal, adj. lascivious, S; gole, pl., MD.—AS. gál; cp. OHG. geil.
Galamelle, sb. a sweet and nourishing drink, S2.
Gale, sb. sore, S3; see Galle.
Gale-gale, sb. a sing-song fellow, S.
Galen, v. to sing, cry out, to caw (as crows or rooks), Prompt., S3, CM.—AS. galan. Cf. E. nightingale.
Galeye, sb. galley, ship, Prompt.; galeie, S; galey, Voc.; galay, S2; gaylayes, pl., S2.—AF. galeye, galie; cp. Low Lat. galea.
Galianes, sb. pl. drinks named after Galen (called Galien in ME.), C3.
Galiard, adj. gay, sprightly, HD; galȝart, S3; galyarde, HD.—OF. gaillard, vigorous (Roland).
Galingale, sb. a plant from the root of which a spice was prepared, Cath. (s.v. galynga), ND, HD; galyngale, Alph., C3, Prompt.; galangale, ND.—OF. galingal, the root of the rush called cypress (cp. Low Lat. gallingar), from galangue; cp. Low Lat. galanga (Alph.).
Galiote, sb. large galley, S2.—It. galeótta, a good handsome big galley (Florio). See Galeye.
Galle, sb. the gall, bitterness, anger, S, Prompt., Voc., C2, C3, PP; bitter drink, S2.—AS. gealla (Voc.).
Galle, sb. sore in man or beast, Prompt.; gale, S3.—OF. galle, scab, itch; cp. Low Lat. galla (Ducange).
Galnesse, sb. lasciviousness, MD; golnesse, S; galnes, S. See Gal.
Galoche, sb. a kind of patten, C2, Prompt.; galoches, pl., PP; galage, ‘sandalium,’ Manip.; gallage, Manip. (n).—AF. galoche; Low Lat. calopodia, clogs; Gr. καλοπόδιον, dimin. of καλόπους, i.e. wood-foot, a last.
Galoun, sb. gallon, W, C3, P; galun, S.—AF. galoun.
Galpen, v. to yawn, PP, Voc., C2.—OS. galpôn, ‘clamare.’
Galwe, sb. cross, gibbet; galowe, Prompt.; galwes, pl., gallows, Voc., C2; galues, S.—AS. gealga, also galga (Voc.)
Galwe-tre, sb. gallows-tree, S, Prompt.—AS. gealg-tréow.
Galȝart, adj. gay; see Galiard.
Game-gobelyn, sb. a demon who plays with men, Voc.
Gamen, sb. play, sport, CM, S, S2, G, PP, H; gammyn, S2; gomen, S; game, S, G, Prompt., Voc., C2, C3; gome, S.—AS. gamen.
Gamen, v. to be pleasant; him gamede, pt. s., it was pleasant to him, C.
98Gan, v. to go, S; gon, S, S2, C2; goon, C2; go, S; ga, S2; gonde, pr. p., S; ga, imp. s., S; gais, S2; goð, pl., S, S2, C2; gooth, C2; gest, 2 pr. s., S, S2; gaas, S2; goost, C2; gaþ, pr. s., S; geð, S, S2; goð, S, C2; gas, S2; goð, pl., S; gon, S2; goon, C2; gan, pp., S2; goon, C2; goo, S3; ygon, C2, C3; igon, G; igoon, G; ygo, S2; igo, G.—AS. gán.
Gan, pt. s. began, did; see Ginnen.
Gane, v. to fit, avail, JD; ganyde, pt. pl., S3; ganand, pr. p. as adj., suitable, becoming, S3; see Geȝnen.
Gang, sb. going, S2.
Gangen, v. to go, S, PP; gang, S3; gangande, pr. p., PP; gangand, S2; gonge, 2 pr. s. subj., S.—AS. gangan.
Ganien, v. to yawn, gape, SkD; gane, Manip., Palsg., S3, C3; gone, S2; ȝanin, Prompt.—AS. gánian (Voc.).
Gar, v. to cause, make, S3; gare, H; gart, pt. s., S2, PP; see Ger.
Gardin, sb. garden, SkD, C2; gardyn, PP; gardyne, PP; gardayne, Manip.; gairding, S3.—AF. gardin (F. jardin).
Garget, sb. throat, CM; see Gorget.
Garite, sb. a watch-tower, look-out on the roof of a house or castle-wall, S3; garytte, a high ‘solere’, Prompt.; garett, HD; garret, Cotg. (s.v. tourelle); garettes, pl., Prompt. (n); garrettes, projecta, Manip.—OF. garite; cp. Span. garíta.
Garlek, sb. garlick, PP; garleke, Alph.; garleek, C; garlekke, Prompt.; garlike, P; garlik, PP.—AS. gárléac (Voc.).
Garnet, sb. a kind of precious stone; garnettes, pl., SkD; granat, Cotg. (s.v. grenat); granate-stone (Florio). Cp. It. granáta, pomegranate, garnet. See Grain.
Garnet-appille, sb. pomegranate, HD. See Apple-garnade.
Garth, sb. an enclosure, HD, S3, H; orchard, Manip.; garthe, sepes, Cath.; garthis, pl., H.—Icel. garð. See Ȝerd.
Gast, sb. spirit, S, S2; see Gost.
Gastlike, adj. spiritual, S; see Gostliche.
Gat, sb. goat, S; gayte, S3; pl., H; gate, S, S3; see Goot.
Gate, sb. way, path, street, PP, CM, S2, Prompt., HD, S3, H; gat, S2; gait, S3.—Icel. gata; Goth. gatwo, street.
Gate, sb. gate, PP, Prompt.; ȝate, S2, G, H, Prompt.; yate, C2, CM, S3, Prompt.; gat, S; ȝat, PP; yat, G; yatt, H; ȝett, S3; giate, dat., S; ȝeate, S.—AS. geat, Icel. gat.
Gate-ward, sb. gate-keeper, S, PP; ȝateward, PP; gatwarde, PP.
Gatte, pt. s. granted, S; see Ȝeten.
Gat-tothed, adj. lascivious, C, CM.
Gaude, sb. weld, Reseda luteola, dyer’s greenweed, producing a green dye (distinct from woad, Florio being here wrong). Comb.: gaude grene, a light green colour, C, HD; gawdy grene, ‘subviridis,’ Prompt.—OF. gaude (Cotg.): Sp. gualda, a herb to dye yellow with (Minsheu); cp. It. gualdo, woad to dye blue with (Florio), Low Lat. gualda, gualdum, ‘glastum’ (Ducange).
Gaude, sb. a toy, piece of finery, also a jest, trick, CM; gawde, a jape, nuga, Prompt.; gaud, HD, ND; ornament, CM; trick, C3.—Late Lat. gaudium, a large bead; Lat. gaudium, joy.
Gaude, v. to sport, jest, keep festival, ND; to scoff, Manip.
Gaudiouse, adj. festal, solennis, Manip.
Gaudying, sb. toying, S3; gauding, scoffing, Manip.
Gauren, v. to gaze, CM, C2, C3; gawren, CM.
Gaurish, adj. garish, S3.
Gayn, adj. convenient, S2; gaynliche, adv. readily, S2; see Geyn.
Gaynage, sb. crop, S3; see Gaignage.
Gaynen, v. to avail, CM, S2; see Geȝnen.
Gayn-ras, sb. return (= Lat. occursus), H; gaynrase, dat. meeting, H; see Ȝeyn.
Gayn-stand, v. to withstand, S3.
Gaytre-beryis, sb. pl. berries of the gayter-tree, C (C. 145), CM, MD.—Cp. Scot. gait-berry, bramble-berry, JD; gaiter-tree, the bramble, JD.
Geaunt, sb. giant, S, C2; giaunt, W2; gyaunt, PP; ieaunt, PP; geauntes, pl., PP; ieauntez, S2.—AF. geant; Lat. gigantem.
Gede, pt. s. went, S.—AS. ge-éode, Cf. Gæde.
Gedelynge, sb. vagabond, PP; see Gadeling.
Gederen, Gedre; see Gaderen.
99Geet, sb. jet, C; geete, Prompt.; see Iette.
Geet, sb. pl. goats, W2; geete, W2; see Goot.
Geet-buckis, sb. pl. he-goats, W2.
Geinen, v. to avail, profit, S, S2; see Geȝnen.
Geld, pt. s. paid, requited, S; see Ȝelden.
Gelden, v. to geld, castrare, Prompt., Manip.; geldid, pp., W (Mt. 19. 12).—Icel. gelda.
Gelding, sb. eunuch, W (Acts 8. 34); ȝelding, W (Acts 8. 27); geldingis, pl., W.
Gelty, adj. guilty; see Gulty.
Gemme, sb. gem; gemmes, pl., PP, G2; jemis, S3.—OF. gemme; Lat. gemma, gem, bud. See Ȝimmes.
Gemmyt, adj. covered with buds, S3.
Gendre, sb. gender, kind, PP; gendrez, pl., S2.—OF. genre; Lat. genere, abl. of genus.
Gendre, v. to beget; gendrith, pr. s., W2; gendrid, pp., W2.
Gendrer, sb. progenitor, PP.
Gendrure, sb. engendering, W2.
Gendrynge, sb. begetting, PP.
Genette, sb. a small Spanish horse, a jennet, SkD; iennet, S3, Sh.—OF. genette (Cotg.); Sp. ginete, a light horseman (Minsheu): from Zenāta, the name of a tribe in Barbary, see Dozy.
Genge, sb. a going, expedition, army, S; pl. nations, S2, H.
Gent, adj. noble, nobly-born, PP, C2; spruce, gay, SkD (p. 813), S3; gente, S.—OF. gent; Lat. genitum, born, well-born.
Gentil, adj. worthy, excellent, gentle, compassionate, C2; noble, PP; gentils, sb. pl., people well born, C2, C3.—AF. gentil, noble, beautiful; Lat. gentilem.
Gentillesse, sb. nobleness, gracefulness, C2, C3.—OF. gentillesse.
Gentrise, sb. noble nature, PP; gentrice, PP.—AF. genterise.
Gentrye, sb. gentleness, PP.
Gepoun, sb. a short cassock, CM; see Gipoun.
Ger, v. to cause, make, S2, JD; gere, to make, H; gar, JD, S3; gare, H; geren, to prepare, S; gare, imp., H; gers, pr. s., H; 2 pr. s., H; gerte, pt. s., PP; gert, S2, PP, S3, H; garte, PP; gart, S2, PP; garde, pl., S3; gert, pp., PP, H.—Icel. göra (for görva). See Ȝare.
Geraflour; see Gerraflour.
Gere, sb. gear, apparel, property, material, business, CM, PP, C, C2, C3, S2; geare, S3; ger, C, S3; geeres, pl., habits, manners, C.—Cp. OS. garuwi, gear.
Ger-fawcon, sb. a kind of falcon, HD; gerfaucun, Prompt.; gerfawcune, Voc.; gerfawkyn, Voc., Prompt.; gerfaukun, W2; gerfawcun, W2.—Lat. gyrofalconem.
Ger-ful, adj. changeable, C, CM. See Gery.
Gerken, v. to prepare, S; see Ȝarken.
Gerland, sb. garland, C3, C; gerelande, PP; garlaunde, PP.—AF. gerlaunde.
Gerles, sb. pl. children; see Gurles.
Gern, adv. eagerly, S2; see Ȝeorne.
Gerner, sb. garner, C, PP.—AF. gerner, OF. gernier, grenier; Late Lat. granarium.
Gerraflour, sb. gilly-flower, S3; geraflour, HD; gylofre, MD, S2 (s.v. clowe); gyllofre, gariophilus, galiofolus, Prompt.; gillofer, ND, Palsg.; gyllofyr, clove, Prompt.; gillyvor, Sh.; ielofer, S3; gelofer, ND, MD.—Cp. OF. girofle, the clove (Bartsch); Low Lat. gariophilus, (Alph.), also caryophyllum; Gr. καρυόφυλλον, lit. nut-leaf.
Gerss-pilis, sb. pl. blades of grass, S3. See Gras.
Gersum, sb. treasure; gersom, HD; gærsume, pl., S; garisome, S; gersoms, HD.—AS. gærsum; cp. Icel. gersemi, a costly thing, jewel.
Gert, pp. girt, S2; see Girden.
Gerte, pt. s. struck, G; see Girden.
Gerth, sb. girth, SkD; gerthis, pl., PP.—Icel. gerð.
Gery, adj. changeful, PP, C. See Gerful.
Gessen, v. to suppose, imagine, CM, S2, C2, C3, W, W2; gessist, 2 pr. s., S2; gessiden, pt. pl., S2.—Cp. Du. gissen.
Gesserant, sb. a coat of mail, S3; gesseron, S3; see Iesseraunt.
Gessynge, sb. guessing (i.e. doubt), S2.
Gest, 2 pr. s. goest, S, S2; geð, pr. s., S. S2; see Gan.
100Gest, sb. guest, Prompt., S2, C2; geste, PP; gestes, pl., S, PP, S2, C2; geste, S; gistes, PP; gustes, PP.—AS. gæst: Goth. gasts; cp. Lat. hostis.
Geste, sb. story, romance, PP, C2; gest, S3, Manip.; jest, fun, Sh.; gestes, pl., PP, C2, C3; ieestes, PP; gestis, deeds, W2, H.—AF. geste, an exploit, history of exploits, romance; Lat. (res) gesta, a thing performed.
Geste, v. to tell romances, Prompt., MD; jest, to act in sport, Sh.
Gesten, pp. lodged (?), S2.
Gesting, sb. lodgings, S2.
Gestinge, sb. jesting, S3; gestynge, romancing, Prompt. See Geste.
Gestnen, v. to feast, entertain; gestened, pt. s., HD; igistned, pp., S2.
Gestninge, sb. feast, banquet, S; gestening, S2; gistninge, S; gystninge, S.
Gestour, sb. a reciter of tales, C2; gestowre, Prompt.; gestiours, pl., CM. See Geste.
Get, sb. fashion, behaviour, CM, C, C3, Prompt.; see Iette.
Geten, v. to gain, get, beget, PP; get, pr. s., S2, PP; gat, pt. s., S, PP; geten, pl., PP; geten, pp., PP, G; gete, PP.—AS. gitan, pt. geat (pl. géaton), pp. giten.
Gett, sb. jet, Prompt.; see Iette.
Gett, pp. granted, S2; see Ȝeten.
Geue-like, adj. equal. Phr.: o geuelike, on equal terms, S.—AS. ge-efenlic. See Euen.
Geyn, adj. near, convenient, ready, direct, S3; geyne, Prompt.; gayn, S2; gain, HD; gane, JD; geynest, superl., fairest, S2.—Icel. gegn.
Geȝnen, v. to meet, suit, avail; geȝȝnenn, S; geinen, to avail, profit, S, S2; gayne, CM; ȝene, to reply, S; gane, to fit, JD; gayned, pt. s., S2; ganyde, pl., S3; ganand, pr. p., becoming, suitable, S3.—Icel. gegna, to go against, to answer, to suit. See Ȝeyn.
Giarkien, v. to prepare, S; see Ȝarken.
Giaunt, sb. giant, W2; see Geaunt.
Gigelot, sb. a strumpet, MD, H; gygelot, wench, agagula, Prompt.; giglot, ND, Sh.; gigglet, ND.
Giggyng, sb. clattering, C.
Gigour, sb. musician, S.—OF. giguëor (Low Lat. gigatorem), from OF. gigue (Low Lat. giga), a musical instrument; cp. G. geige, violin.
Gildir, v. to deceive; gildirs, pr. s., H; gildird, pp., H.—Icel. gildra, to trap.
Gildire, sb. deceit, snare, H; gildirs, pl., H.—Icel. gildra, a trap.
Gile, sb. guile, deceit, fraud, PP, C.—AF. gile, OF. guile: AS. wíle (Chron. ann. 1128).
Gilen, v. to beguile, PP; gylen, S2; giled, pp., S.
Gilery, sb. deceit, H; gilrys, pl., H.—OF. gillerie.
Gill, sb. a familiar term for a woman, S3, ND, Sh.; jill, Sh.—Short for Gillian, a woman’s name, Sh., ND; Lat. Juliana.
Gill-burnt-tayle, sb. the ignis-fatuus, ND (s.v. gyl).
Gille, sb. a gill (measure), PP; gylle, PP, Prompt.; iille, P.—OF. gelle.
Gill-flurt, sb. a flirt, ND.
Gillofer, Gillyvor; see Gerraflour.
Gilour, sb. deceiver, PP; gyloure, H.—AF. gilour.
Gilt, sb. guilt, S, PP; see Gult.
Giltlese, adj. guiltless, S; gilteles, C; giltlees, C3.
Gin, sb. engine, contrivance, artifice, C2, C3, S3; gyn, PP, S2; ginne, S, S2; gynne, PP.—OF. engin, engien, craft, deceit, contrivance.
Ginful, adj. guileful, deceitful, PP.
Gingebreed, sb. gingerbread, C2; gyngebred, gingium, Voc. Cp. Low Lat. gingibretum (Ducange), also OF. gigimbrait, a preparation of ginger, gingenbret, ginger (Bartsch).
Gingiuere, sb. ginger, SkD, Cath. (n); gingiuer, HD; gyngyre, zinzibrum, Voc.; ginger, zinziber, zinzebrum, Cath.; gyngere, Prompt.—OF. gingenbre, gengibre; Lat. zingibrum, acc. of zingiber; Gr. ζιγγίβερις.
Ginnen, v. to begin, S; gynne, S, PP, S3; gan, pt. s., began, S, S2; gon, PP; gonne, pl., S2; gan, pt. s. (used as an auxiliary), did, S, S2, S3; gon, S, PP, S2; gun, S2; gunnen, pl., S; gunne, S, PP; gonne, S, PP, S2, C2, G.—AS. -ginnan, pt. -gan (pl. -gunnon), pp. -gunnen.
Gipe, sb. cassock, CM; jub, Florio.—OF. juppe (Cotg.) It. giuppa, giubba 101 (Florio), Sp. al-juba (Minsheu); Arab. al-jubbah, a woollen undergarment; cp. MHG. schube, G. schaube (Weigand).
Gipoun, sb. a short cassock, CM; gypoun, C; gepoun, C; jupon, HD; joupone, HD.—OF. gippon, jupon (Cotg.), It. giubbone, a doublet (Florio.). See above.
Gipser, sb. pouch, purse, C; gypcer, Prompt.; gypsere, Prompt.; gypcyere, Prompt.—OF. gibbeciere (Cotg.), from gibier, game.
Girdel, sb. girdle, C, C2; gurdel, S.—AS. gyrdel.
Girden, v. to gird, cingere, MD; gurden, MD; girde, 2 pt. s., S2; gyrte, pt. s., S; i-gurd, pp., S, S2; gird, C, W2; gert, S2.—AS. gyrdan.
Girden, v. to strike, CM, HD, C2, G; gurdeþ, imp. pl., S2; girt, pt. s., cast, PP; gerte, G; gorde, pt. pl., rushed, S2; girt, pp., SkD (s.v. gride), C. See Ȝerd.
Gisel, sb. hostage, MD; gysles, pl., S; ȝisles, MD; ȝislen, dat., MD.—AS. gísel; cp. Icel. gísl.
Giste, sb. a beam, balk, joist, MD; gyyste, Prompt.; gyst, Palsg.; gistes, pl., MD; joystes, SkD.—OF. giste, joist, something to lie on. See Joist.
Gistninge, sb. banquet, S; see Gestninge.
Giterne, sb. guitar, C3, PP, MD, CM; gyterne, PP, Prompt.; geterne, MD; getyrne, Voc.—OF. guiterne; cp. It. chitarra; Lat. cithara. See Citole.
Giuenesse, sb. forgiveness, S.—AS. gifnes, grace.
Glad, pt. s. glided, MD; glade, S2; glaid, S3; see Gliden.
Glad, adj. glad, S, S2; gled, S; glaid, S3; gladur, comp., S; gladdore, S2.—AS. glæd.
Gladien, v. to make glad, make merry, S; gladen, S, C2; glade, S3; glaid, S3; gleadien, S; gledien, S, S2; gladed, pt. s., S2.—AS. gladian.
Gladliche, adv. gladly, PP; gledliche, S.
Gladnesse, sb. gladness, MD; glednesse, S.
Gladschipe, sb. gladness, MD; gledschipe, S; gledscipe, S; gleadschipes, pl., S.
Gladsom, adj. pleasant, C2.
Gladynge, sb. gladness, MD; gleadunge, S.
Glam, sb. word, message, S2; loud talk, noise, MD.—Icel. glam, a tinkling sound.
Glaren, v. to shine brightly, S, SkD.
Glas, sb. glass, S, C2.—AS. glæs.
Glasen, adj. made of glass, PP.
Glasen, v. to furnish with glass, PP.
Glað, adj. glad, MD; glaðe, S.—Icel. glaðr.
Glaue, sb. sword, S3; see Gleyue.
Glayre, sb. the white of an egg, Cath.; see Gleyre.
Gle, sb. joy, glee, music, singing, S, S2, PP; glee, C2; glie, S; gleu, C2 (n). MD; glew, MD, S3; glu, Prompt.; gleo, S; glewis, pl., freaks, S3.—AS. gléo, stem gliwo-, see Sievers, 250.
Gleaw, adj. wise, S; gleu, S.—AS. glíaw.
Glede, sb. a kite, milvus, H (Ps. 62. 8), ND, WW, Voc.—AS. glida (Voc.).
Glede, sb. glowing coal, S, PP, S3, C2; gleede, C; gleden, pl., S; gledess, S.—AS. gléd: OS. glód (stem glódi); cp. OHG. gluot (dat. gluoti). See Glowen.
Gledien, v. to make merry, S, S2; see Gladien.
Gledliche, v. gladly, S.
Glednesse, sb. gladness, S.
Gledschipe, sb. gladness, S.
Glenten, v. to glance, to move swiftly, MD; glente, pt. s., MD; glent, S3, HD; shone, SkD (p. 808).—Swed. glinta, to glance aside (Rietz).
Gleo-beames, sb. pl. harps, S.
Gleo-dreames, sb. pl. joys of music, S.
Gleo-man, sb. minstrel, PP; glewman, PP; gleman, PP.
Gleowien, v. to make music, to make merry, MD.
Gleowinge, sb. music, S.
Glette, sb. phlegm, slimy matter in the throat, viscositas, filth, Cath. (n), S2; glett, Cath.; glet, H, Cath. (n).—OF. glette, ‘flegm, filth, which a hawk throws out at her beak after her casting,’ Cotg.; cp. North. E. glit, tough phlegm, JD.
Gleu, adj. wise, S; see Gleaw.
102Glew, sb. joy, glee, S3; see Gle.
Gleyme, sb. slime, limus, gluten, Prompt.; gleym, subtlety, S3; gleme, viscus, Prompt. (n).
Gleymows, adj. slimy, viscosus, Prompt.; glaymous, HD.
Gleyre, sb. the white of an egg, C3, Prompt., Cath. (n); glayre, Cath.; glarye, Manip.—OF. glaire, the white of an egg (Cotg.); Low Lat. glara (Voc.); Late Lat. clara ovi (Ducange); cp. Sp. clara de huevo, also It. chiára (Florio).
Gleyue, sb. sword, CM; glayue, SkD; glave, S3, ND; gleiue, SkD; gleave, Cotg., ND.—OF., glaive; Lat. gladium (acc.)—for the v in glaive, see Brachet (s.v. corvée).
Gliden, v. to glide, S; glyde, C2, C3; glydande, pr. p., walking, S2; glit, pr. s., MD; glad, pt. s., MD; glade, S2; glaid, S3; glod, MD, S2; glood, C2; glode, MD; gliden, pl., MD; gliden, pp., MD.—AS. glídan, pt. glád (glidon), pp. gliden.
Gliffen, v. to glance, spectare; gliffe, to look back, Manip.; gliff, to be scared, JD; glyfte, pt. s., MD.
Gliffni, v. to glance; gliffnyt, pt. s., S2.
Glod, pt. s. glided, S2, MD; glode, MD; glood, C2; see Gliden.
Glommen, v. to look glum, to frown, MD; glomben, MD; glowmbe, CM; glum, S3; gloom, ND; gloume, Manip.; glommede, pt. s., HD.—Swed. glomma, to stare (Rietz).
Glopen, v. to look askance, MD; glop, to stare, HD; gloppen, to be startled, HD. Cp. Du. gluipen, to peep, sneak.
Glopnen, v. to look downcast, MD; glopnid, pp., frightened, S2.—Icel. glúpna.
Glorie, sb. glory, PP; glore, S3.—AF. glorie; Lat. gloria.
Glose, sb. a gloss, comment, explanation, PP, Prompt., C2; glosis, pl., S3.—OF. glose; Lat. glossa, a gloss; Gr. γλῶσσα.
Glosen, v. to explain, flatter, deceive, PP, Prompt., S3, C2, C3; glosed, pt. s., spoke smoothly, S2; y-glosed, pp., C3.—OF. gloser, to gloss, expound; Late Lat. glosare. See above.
Glosynge, sb. an expounding, Prompt.; flattering, Prompt.; glosing, flattery, W.
Glotonie, sb. gluttony, S2, Prompt.; glotonyes, pl., C3.—OF. glotonie.
Glotori, sb. gluttony, H; glutiry, H; glutrie, MD.
Glotoun, sb. glutton, S, PP, W2; gluton, S.—AF. glutun; Lat. glutonem.
Glowen, v. to glow, PP, Prompt., C; glouand, pr. p., S2; glowennde, S.—Cp. OHG. gluojan.
Glu, sb. glue, Prompt.; glew, MD.—OF. glu; Lat. gluten.
Gluen, v. to glue, MD; y-glewed, pp., C2.
Glum, v. to look gloomy, S3; see Glommen.
Glutenerie, sb. gluttony, S.—AF. glutunerie.
Gluton, sb. glutton, S; see Glotoun.
Glutrie, sb. gluttony, MD; see Glotori.
Gnar, v. to snarl, S3; gnarre, ND. Cp. gnarl, to snarl, Sh.
Gnasten, v. to gnash the teeth, Prompt., Palsg., W2, H; gnayste, H; gnashe, Manip.; gnastiden, pt. pl., W, W2; gnaistid, H.—Cp. Icel. gnastan, a gnashing.
Gnawen, v. to gnaw, PP; gnaghe, H; gneȝeð, pr. pl., S; gnow, pt. s., C2; gnew, SkD; gnawiden, pt. pl., W2; knawen, pp., S3.—AS. gnagan, pt. gnóh (pl. gnógon), pp. gnagen.
Gniden, v. to rub, SD, S2; gnyde, S; gniden, pt. pl., MD.—AS. gnídan (Voc.).
Gobelin, sb. goblin, demon; gobelyn, W2, MD; goblin, Sh.—OF. gobelin; cp. Low Lat. gobelinum (acc.).
Gobet, sb. a small piece, Prompt., C, W; gobbet, Manip.; gobetis, pl., S2, W.—Norm.F. gobet, see Diez, p. 599; cp. OF. gobeau, a bit, gobbet (Cotg.).
God, adj. good, S, S2. Phr.: to goder hele, to the good health of, S2, MD; goderhele, MD; godder-hele, HD. See Good.
God, sb. God, S; godd, S; gode, dat., S; godes, gen., S; pl., S; goden, S.—AS. God.
God-child, sb. godchild, S.
Godcund, adj. divine, godly, MD.
Godcundhede, sb. piety, MD.
Godcundnesse, sb. divinity, S; godcunnesse, S.
Goddcundleȝȝc, sb. divinity, S.
Goddot, God knows, S; goddoth, S.—AS. God wát.
103Godhede, sb. deity, C.
Godien, v. to endow; goded, pt. s., S; i-goded, pp., benefited, S.—AS. gódian.
Godlec, sb. goodness, S, MD.—Cp. Icel. góðleiki.
Godles, adj. without good, needy, S2, MD; godelease, S.—AS. gódléas.
Godly, adv. kindly, S2; goddeli, S2; gudely, S3.—AS. gódlice.
Godnesse, sb. goodness, S; godnisse, S, S2; godenesse, S2.
God-spel, sb. gospel, S; god-spell, S3; gospel, MD.—AS. godspel.
Godspelboc, sb. gospel-book, S.
Gogelen, v. to goggle, MD.
Gogil-iȝed, adj. squint-eyed, W; gogyl-eyid, Prompt.; goggle-eyed, louche (Palsg.).
Gold, sb. gold, S; gol, S; gulde, dat., S.—AS. gold; cp. Icel. gull.
Gold-beten, pp. adorned with beaten gold, S3.
Golde, sb. marigold, souci, Palsg.; goolde, solsequium, Prompt.; guldes, pl., C.—Cp. OF. goude (Cotg.)
Gold-spynk, sb. goldfinch, S3.
Gole, sb. throat, SD, HD; golle, HD.—OF. gole, goule, gule; Lat. gula.
Golet, sb. gullet, C3, Prompt., HD.—OF. goulet.
Goliardeys, sb. buffoon, MD, PP; golyardeys, C.—OF. goliardeis (goliardois); Low Lat. goliardensis.
Golnesse, sb. lasciviousness, S; see Galnesse.
Gome, sb. a man, PP, S, S2; gomes, gen., S2; gumen, pl., S.—AS. guma (stem guman-); cp. Lat. homo (stem homin-).
Gome, sb. care, PP; gom, MD.—OS. góma, care; cp. OHG. gouma, provision, supper (Tatian).
Gomen, sb. play, S; gome, S; see Gamen.
Gomme, sb. gum, CM; gumme, Cath.; gommes, pl., P.—OF. gomme; Lat. gummi; Gr. κόμμι.
Gon, v. to go, S, S2, C2; gonde, pr. p., S; goon, pp., C2; see Gan.
Gone, v. to gape, S2; see Ganien.
Gonge, 2 pr. s. subj. go, S; see Gangen.
Gonne, sb. gun, PP, CM; gunne, Cath., Prompt.; gon, S3.—Cp. Low Lat. gunna.
Good, adj. good, MD; god, S, S2; godd, S2; goud, MD; guod, MD; gud, MD.—AS. gód.
Good, sb. good, MD; goud, S2; gud, S3; god, S, S2; godes, pl., S, S2; guodes, S2.—AS. gód.
Goodman, sb. master of the house, C3.
Goot, sb. goat, Prompt., C3; gayte, S3; gat, S; gæt, pl., S; gate, S, S3; geet, W2; geete, W2; gaite, H; gaytes, H; gayte, H.—AS. gát.
Gorde, pt. pl. rushed, S2; see Girden.
Gore, sb. a triangular piece of cloth inserted, HD; gremiale, apron, Manip.; goore, Prompt.; gair, JD. Phr.: under gore, under clothing, S2, HD.—Cp. AS. gára, an angular point of land.
Gore, sb. mire, Prompt., HD; filth, S2.—AS. gor (Voc.).
Gorge, sb. throat, Manip., PP.—OF. gorge; Lat. gurgitem (acc.); see Ducange.
Gorget, sb. throat, piece of armour to protect the throat, SkD; ‘torques,’ Manip.; garget, C; gargate, HD.—OF. gorgette, throat, also gargaite, (Roland, 1654).
Gorst, sb. gorse, furze, Voc., MD; gorstez, pl., S2; gorstys tre, Prompt.—AS. gorst.
Gos, sb. goose, S3; goos, MD; gees, pl., S; gysse, S3.—AS. gós.
Gos-hawke, sb. goshawk, Prompt., Voc.; gos-hauk, C2.—AS. gós-hafuc (Voc.).
Gosse, sb. in phr.: by gosse (a profane oath), S3.
Gossib, sb. sponsor, PP, CM; godsyb, friend, PP.—AS. god-sibb.
Gossomer, sb. gossamer, Prompt., C2; gossummer, Voc.; gosesomere, Voc.
Gost, sb. spirit, mind, soul, life, ghost, PP, S, S2, C3; goost, C2, PP; gast, S, S2; gostes, pl., S2; gostus, PP; gastes, S2.—AS. gást.
Gostliche, adj. spiritual, S; gostly, S3, C3; goostliche, PP; gastlike, S; gastelich, S; gasteli, adv., S2.
Gote, sb. water-channel, Prompt., HD; goote, Prompt.; gotez, pl., S2.—Cp. Low G. gote, Du. goot.
Gotere, sb. gutter, water-channel, Prompt.; goteris, pl., drops, stillicidia, rain falling drop by drop, W2; goters, HD.—OF. goutiere, gutter, from gote, a drop; Lat. gutta.
Goulen, v. to howl, cry, S, S2; gowland, pr. p., S3; see Ȝoulen.
104Goules, sb. pl. the heraldic name for red, gules, SkD; gowlis, HD; gowlys, S3, HD.—AF. goules; Late Lat. gulas acc. pl. of gula, ‘pellis rubricata’ (Ducange).
Goune, sb. gown, PP, C; gowne, PP; gunes, pl., MD.—AF. goune, OF. gone.
Goune-cloth, sb. cloth enough to make a gown, CM.
Gourde, sb. gourd, C3, H; goord, Prompt.; gowrdes, pl., S2.—OF. gourde, gouhourde, cougourde; Lat. cucurbita.
Gouernaille, sb. management, C2; gouernaile, rudder, W; gouernails, pl., W2.—OF. gouvernail, rudder; Lat. gubernaculum.
Gouernance, sb. government, behaviour, PP, C2, C3; gouernaunce, C, C2, C3; gouernauncis, pl., rules for conduct, customs, S3.
Gouerne, v. to govern, PP, C2.—AF. governer; Lat. gubernare.
Gouernour, sb. governor, C2; steersman, W, W2.—OF. gouverneur; Lat. gubernatorem (acc.).
Gradde, pt. s., S, S2, PP; see Greden.
Gradi, adj. greedy, S; see Gredy.
Graffe, sb. a slip, young shoot, PP, Prompt.; graff, Cotg.—Late Lat. graphium, a stile (Gr. γραφεῖον); hence Low Lat. graffiolum, a graft, sucker; cp. OF. greffe.
Graffen, v. to graft, PP; graffid, pp., W.
Graith, adj. exact, direct, S2, PP; see Greith.
Graith, sb. preparation, PP.
Graithen, v. to prepare, H; grathis, pr. s., dresses, S3. See Greiðen.
Graithly, adv. readily, PP; gratheli, S2; see Greiðliche.
Gramcund, adj. angry, S.
Grame, sb. vexation, anger, S, HD, C3; grome, S; gram, S2; greme, S2.—AS. grama; cp. Icel. gramr, wrath.
Gramercy; see Graunt.
Gramien, v. to vex, to be angry, MD; grame, PP, S; gromien, MD.—AS. gramian; cp. Goth. gramjan. See Gremien.
Granand, pr. p. groaning, S2; see Gronen.
Granat, sb. a garnet; see Garnet.
Granyt, pp. dyed in grain, S3; grained, Sh. See Greyne.
Grape, v. to handle, palpare, H; see Gropien.
Grapers, sb. pl. grappling-irons, S3.
Gras, sb. grass, S, PP, C2; gres, S, Prompt.; gresse, Prompt., S2; grases, pl., 82; greses, S2; gyrss, S3.—AS. græs: Goth. gras.
Grathis, pr. s. dresses, S3; see Graithen.
Graunt, adj. great, PP. Phr.: graunt-mercy, many thanks, C2, C3, PP; gramercy, PP, Sh.; gramercies, pl., S3.—AF. grant, OF. grand; Lat. grandem.
Grauntye, v. to grant, give, agree, allow, PP; grawntyn, Prompt., C2; graunte, PP; granti, S, S2; graunti, 1 pr. s., S; grante, imp. s., S; y-graunted, pp., C3, P; i-granted, S2.—AF. gräanter (graunter, granter); OF. crëanter; Late Lat. credentare, from Lat. credentem, pr. p. of credere.
Grauen, v. to bury, S, PP, C2, H; to engrave, PP; grof, pt. s., H; grauen, pp., buried, S, PP, G, H; i-grauen, engraved, S; i-graue, S, G; graue, PP.—AS. grafan, to dig, pt. gróf, pp. grafen.
Grauynge, sb. engraving, S2, P; burying, H.
Gravys, pl. groves, S3; see Groue.
Gray, adj. gray, PP, MD; grey, PP; greye, sb. gray clothing, PP; grai, gray fur, S; grey, S; badger, S3; gray, HD; badger’s skin, HD.—AS. græg.
Gre, sb. step, degree, S3, PP, MD; worthiness, gradus, Prompt.; gree, HD; grees, pl., W, MD, HD; greis, H.—OF. gre; Lat. gradum (acc.).
Grece, sb. stair, MD, Prompt., Cath., Palsg.; greece, Manip.; grese, MD, HD; greese, Cotg. (s.v. degré), HD; grize, Sh.; greces, pl., W2; grises, Prompt. (n).—From grees, steps, a flight of steps, pl. of Gre (above).
Greden, v. to cry aloud, S, PP, S2; gradde, pt. s., S, PP, 82; gredde, PP.—AS. grǽdan, pt. grǽdde.
Gredinge, sb. crying, MD; gredynges, pl., S2.
Gredy, adj. greedy, PP; gradi, S; gredi, S.—AS. grǽdig; cp. Icel. gráðugr.
Gree, sb. favour, S2, C2, C3; prize, PP, C. Phr.: take in gre, agree to, S3.—OF. gre, gred, gret, pleasure, recompense; Lat. gratum, pleasing.
Gree, v. to agree, HD; greeing, pr. p., S3.—OF. gréer, to agree, to accept; Late Lat. gratare (for Lat. gratari).
Greesings, sb. pl. steps, HD. See Grece.
105Gref, sb. grief, MD; greeue, dat., G.—OF. gref, from Lat. gravem, heavy.
Gre-hounde; see Greyhownd.
Greit, sb. grit, S3; see Greot.
Greith, adj. ready, PP; graith, exact, direct, PP, S2; grayþ, PP; grayþest, superl., PP, S2; graith, adv., S3.—Icel. greiðr, ready: Goth. ga-raids, exact.
Greiðen, v. to prepare, SD; graithe, H, HD; grathis, pr. s., dresses, S3; graithed, pt. s., S2; greythede, S; greithide, S2; greithede, pl., S2; greythed, pp., S; greȝȝþedd, S; greþþed, S; graythed, HD, S2; i-greiðet, S; y-greiðed, S3; graid, H.—Icel. greiða.
Greiðliche, adv. readily, PP; graithly, PP, HD; graythely, S2; gratheli, S2.
Gremien, v. to vex, to be angry, MD, S; greme, S; ȝe-gremed, pp., S.—AS. gremian. See Gramien.
Grene, adj. and sb. green, S, PP, S2, C2, C3; greyne, B.—AS. gréne: OS. gróni; cp. OHG. gruoni (Tatian).
Grenehede, sb. greenness, wantonness, S2, C3.
Grennen, v. to grin, show the teeth (as a dog), S, W; grennyn, Prompt.—AS. grennian.
Grennunge, sb. grinning, S; grennynge, Prompt.
Greot, sb. gravel, grit, PP; greit, S3; greete, Manip.; grith, PP.—AS. gréot.
Gres, sb. grass, S, Prompt. See Gras.
Gresy, adj. grassy, S3.
Gret, adj. great, S, S2, C2, PP; greet, C2; grete, Prompt., PP, S2, C2; grette, PP; greate, S; grate, S; gretture, comp. S; grettoure, PP; grettour, PP; gretter, C2; grettere, W2; grettest, superl., PP; grete, adv., S3.—AS. gréat.
Greten, v. to salute, S, PP, S2; gret, imp. s., S; greteth, pl., G; grette, pt. s., S, PP, S2, C2, C3, W; grette, pl., G; gretten, W; gret, pp., W.—AS. grétan, to approach (also ge-grétan), pt. grétte, pp. gréted: OS. grótian; cp. OHG. gruazen (Otfrid).
Greten, v. to weep, S, PP, H; greete, S3; gret, S2; groten, S; gretande, pr. p., HD; gretand, S2, S3, H; gret, pr. s., S; gret, pt. s., S, H; grete, HD; grete, pp., HD, S2.—AS. grǽtan (grétan), pt. grét (pl. gréton), pp. gréten: Icel. gráta.
Gretien, v. to magnify; i-gret, pp., S.—AS. gréatian.
Gretliche, adv. greatly, S, PP; gretly, S2; gretluker, comp., S.
Gret-wombede, adj. big-bellied, S3.
Gretyng, sb. lamentation, S2; gretynge, H.
Gretyngful, adj. sorrowful, H.
Greuaunce, sb. grievance, hurt, C2; grewance, S3; greuaunces, pl., PP.—OF. grevance.
Greue, sb. thicket, grove, MD; greues, pl., S2, CM, HD; grevis, S3.
Greuen, v. to grieve, PP, S, C2.—AF. grever, to burden; Lat. gravare.
Greuous, adj. grievous, PP; greuousere, comp., W2.
Greyce, adj. gray, S3. See Grys.
Grey-hownd, sb. greyhound, leporarius, Voc.; grayhund, Voc.; grayhownd, Voc.; grehunde, Voc.; grehownde, Prompt.; greahund, SkD; grehoundes, pl., S3; greahondes, S3; greihoundes, SkD.—Icel. greyhundr, greyhound; grey, a dog.
Greyn, sb. handle, branch, MD; grayn, MD; grayne, WA.—Icel. grein.
Greyn, sb. grain of corn, a kind of spice, MD, PP, CM; greyne, Prompt.; greyn de Parys, CM.—AF. grein, grain; Lat. granum.
Greyne, sb. colour, dye, PP, MD; greyn, S3, C2; grayn, C2.—AF. graine; Late Lat. grana, cochineal dye (Ducange).
Greyn-horne, sb. Greenhorn, the name of an ox in the Towneley Mysteries, HD.
Griffoun, sb. griffin, C, S2; gryffown, Prompt.—OF. griffon, a gripe (Cotg.).
Gril, adj. horrible, rough, fierce, MD; gryl, S2, Prompt.—Cp. MHG. grel, angry.
Grillen, v. to vex, MD; grulde, pt. s., twanged, S; i-gruld, pp., provoked, SD.—AS. grillan.
Grim, adj. fierce, S; grym, heavy, PP, S2, C; grimme, pl., horrible, S.—AS. grim.
Grimlich, adj. horrible, S; grimlych, S; grimliche, adv. terribly, S, PP; grymly, sharply, PP.
Grin, sb. snare, noose, S, Voc.; gryn, W; grene, laqueus, MD, Voc.; grune, MD; grone, MD; grane, MD.—AS. grin.
Grinden, v. to grind, MD; y-grounde, pp., C2; grundyn, S3; grounden, C3.—AS. grindan, pt. grand (pl. grundon), pp. grunden.
Grindere, sb. grinder; grynderis, pl., W2.
106Grip, sb. vulture, S; grype, Voc., Prompt.—Icel. gripr.
Gripen, v. to grip, S, PP, H; grap, pt. s., MD; grop, MD; gripen, pl., MD; grepen, MD; gripen, pp., MD; grypen, PP; griped, PP.—AS. grípan, pt. gráp (pl. gripon), pp. gripen.
Gris, sb. a young pig, PP; grise, Cath.; gryse, Voc.; gryce, Prompt.; grys, pl., MD, S2, PP.—Icel. gríss.
Grisen, v. to shudder, S2; gryse, to be frightened, HD; him gros, pt. s. reflex., S.—AS. grísan, pt. grós (pl. grison), pp. grisen.
Grislich, adj. horrible, S, S2; grislic, S; grysliche, S, PP; grisli, S2; grisly, C2, C3; grisliche, adv., S; grieslie, S3.—AS. grislic.
Grist, sb. ground corn, SkD.—AS. grist, from grindan; for loss of n before s see Sievers, 185.
Grist-batinge, sb. grinding of the teeth, MD; grisbayting, MD; gris-bitting, S2.
Grith, sb. peace, S; griðe, dat., S.—Icel. grið, domicile, place of safety, peace; hence grið in the Chron.
Grið-bruche, sb. breach of the peace, S.
Griðful, adj. peaceful, MD.
Griðfulnesse, sb. peacefulness, S.
Grocchen, v. to grudge, grumble, S2, S3. See Grucchen.
Grof, pt. s. dug, buried, H. See Grauen.
Grof, adv. flat on one’s face, CT (951); gruf, MD, C2, C.—Cp. Icel. liggja á grúfu, to lie on one’s face.
Groflinges, adv. groveling, MD; grouelings, S2; grouelynge, supinus, Prompt.; grufelynge, Cath. See above.
Grom, sb. lad, servant, PP, grome, PP, S (n); gromes, pl., S, PP.—Cp. ODu. grom, stripling.
Grome, sb. vexation, anger, S. See Grame.
Gronen, v. to groan, PP, CM, Prompt.; grony, S2; graninde, pr. p., S; granand, S2; gronte, pt. s., C2.—AS. gránian.
Gropien, v. to seize, handle, MD; gropyn, Prompt.; grope, C, C3; grape, palpare, H, Manip.—AS. grápian, from grípan. See Gripen.
Gros, pt. s. reflex. was afraid, S. See Grisen.
Grot, sb. weeping, S, MD. See Greten.
Grot, sb. atom, MD; grotes, pl., S.—AS. grot, particle.
Grote, sb. groat, C3, PP; grotte, S3.—OLG. grote, a coin of Bremen; cp. Du. groot, great. Cf. Gret.
Groten, v. to weep, S, MD; see Greten.
Ground, sb. ground, foundation, bottom (of water), MD; grund, S; grounde, PP; gronde, dat., S2; groundes, pl. foundations, S2. Phr.: to grounde com, came to the ground, i.e. was ruined, S2.—AS. grund.
Grounden, v. to found; grownden, Prompt.; groundes, 2 pr. s., S2; grounded, pp., S2.
Groue, sb. a little wood, Prompt., MD; gravys, pl., S3.—AS. gráf.
Grouelings, adv. flat on one’s face, S2; see Groflinges.
Groyn, sb. the snout of a pig, CM; groyne, Prompt.; groon, Manip.; grune, Cath.—OF. groing, groin.
Groynen, v. to grunt, to murmur, W; groignen, MD.—OF. groigner, grogner.
Groynyng, sb. murmuring, discontent, C.
Grucchen, v. to grudge, grumble, PP, S2, C, C2; grocching, pr. p., S2; grocched, pt. s., S3; grutchiden, pt. pl., W, W2.—OF. groucher, groucer, grocer.
Grucching, sb. grumbling, S; grucchyng, G; grutchyng, W.
Gruf, adv. flat on one’s face, MD, C, C2. Phr. a gruf, MD; on groufe, MD; one the groffe, MD. See Grof.
Grulde, pt. s., twanged, S; see Grillen.
Grund, sb. ground, bottom of a well, S; see Ground.
Grundlike, adv. thoroughly, heartily, MD, S. See above.
Grunten, v. to grunt, MD; gryntiden, pt. pl., MD. Cp. OHG. grunzen.
Gruntyng, sb. grunting, gnashing, W; grynting, W; grentyng, W.
Grure, sb. horror, MD.—AS. gryre; OS. gruri.
Grure-ful, adj. horrible, S.
Gruselien, v. to munch, S.
Grusen, v. to munch, MD; gryze, HD; gruse, JD.
Grys, sb. a costly fur, the fur of the grey squirrel, C, S2, PP, HD; grey, C3; gryce, Prompt.; greys, PP; greyce, S3.—OF. gris, gray.
Gu, you, S; see Eow.
The form Eow does not occur in the Dictionary. The entry Ȝou gives the AS. root éow.
107Guerdon, sb. reward, S3, CM; guerdone, S3, CM.—AF. guerdon: It. guidardone; Low Lat. widerdonum (Ducange).
Guerdonen, v. to reward, CM.—OF. guerredoner (Bartsch).
Guerdonlesse, adj. without reward, CM.
Guerdonyng, sb. reward, CM.
Gukgo, sb. cuckoo, S3; see Cukkow.
Gulche-cuppe, sb. a toss-cup, S.
Gulchen, v. to gulp, swallow greedily, MD.
Gulde, sb. dat. gold, S; see Gold.
Gulde, sb. marigold, C; see Golde.
Gulden, adj. golden. S, MD; gilden, S2, MD.—AS. gylden.
Gult, sb. guilt, S, S2, C, PP; gylt, C; gilt, S, PP; gylte, PP; gilte, PP; gultes, pl. faults, S, PP; gultus, S2.—AS. gylt.
Gulten, v. to sin, S; gilte, pt. s., S; gulte, pl., PP; i-gult, pp., S.—AS. gyltan.
Gulty, adj. guilty, C, PP; gylty, PP; gilty, PP; gelty, S.—AS. gyltig.
Gultyf, adj. guilty, G; giltyf, G, HD.
Gumme, sb. gum; see Gomme.
Gunge, adj. young, S; gungest, superl., youngest, S; gunkeste, S; see Ȝong.
Gunnen, pt. pl. began, did; see Ginnen.
Gurdel, sb. girdle, S; see Girdel.
Gurden, v. to strike, MD; gurdeþ, imp. pl., S2; see Girden.
Gurles, sb. pl. children (of either sex), C, PP; gerles, PP. Phr.: knave gerlys, boys, HD. Cf. Gyrle.
Guðhede, sb. youth, S; see Ȝouthede.
Gyde, sb. clothing, C3, MD; gide, MD, JD.
Gyde, sb. guide, C3.
Gyden, v. to guide, C2, C3, Palsg.—OF. guider.
Gyen, v. to guide, direct, PP, Prompt.; gye, S3, C2, C3; gie, PP; gyede, pt. s., PP, S2.—OF. guïer, guider.
Gylofre, sb. gillyflower, S2 (s.v. clowe); see Gerraflour.
Gylt, adj. gilt, PP; gulte, PP; gilte, PP, C2.
Gylt, v. to gild, S3.
Gymp, adj. slim, delicate, short, scanty, S3; gimp, JD; neat, HD; jimp, HD, DG; gym, trim, spruce, S3; gim, DG; jim, DG; jemmy, DG.
Gyrle, sb. a child, generally a girl, but also used of a boy, MD; gerles, pl., MD; girles, MD. Cf. Gurles.
Gyse, sb. guise, manner, C, PP, Prompt.; gise, C, S3; gyss, S3.—AF. guise. See Wyse.
Gysse, sb. pl. geese, S3; see Gos.
Habben, Habe; see Hauen.
Haberdasher, sb. a seller of small wares, C, SkD (p. 809).
Haberdashrie, sb. haberdashery, SkD.
Haberioun, sb. habergeon, a piece of armour to defend the neck and breast, PP; haburioun, W, W2; hawbyrgon, Voc.; haburjon, S2; habergeoun, C2; haberion, PP.—OF. hauberjon from hauberc. See Hauberk.
Habide, v. to abide, resist, S2; see A-biden.
Habilitie, sb. ability, S3. See Abilite.
Hable, adj. able, S3, MD. See Abil.
Haboundanle, adv. abundantly, S3. See Habundantly.
Habounde, v. to abound, NED, S3, C2; see Habunde.
Habundance, sb. abundance, C2.
Habundant, adj. abundant, C2.
Habundantly, adv. abundantly, C3.
Habunde, v. to abound, NED.—OF. habonder, abunder; Lat. abundare.
Hacche, sb. hatch, PP; hach, hatch of a ship, S2.—Cp. Dan. hække.
Had, sb. state, order, rank, person (of Christ), S; pl. ranks (of angels), S.—AS. hád; cp. OHG. heit.
Hæ-; see under He-.
Hæleð, sb. warrior; see Heleð.
Hæne, adj. pl. poor, S. See Heyne.
Hærre, sb. lord, S. See Herre.
108Hæȝe, adv. highly, S; see Heighe.
Haf, Hafst, Hafð; see Hauen.
Hafed, sb. head, S. See Heued.
Hafed-men, sb. pl. prelates, S.
Hage-faderen; see Heh-fader.
Hagge, sb. a hag, P; hegge, MD.
Hagt, sb. (?), S.
Dr. F. Holthausen suggests that this word means ‘danger, peril,’ comparing this ME. hagt with Icel. hætta which has the same meaning. Kluge connects this hætta with Gothic hāhan, to hang, so that it may mean radically ‘a state of being in suspense.’ The word must have come into England in the form *haht, before the assimilation of ht to tt.
Hail, sb. hail, PP; heal, S3; haille, PP; hayle, PP.—AS. hagol.
Hail, adj. hale, whole, sound, S; hæil, S; heil, S. Cf. Hool.
Haile, adv. wholly, S3; haill, S3.
Hailen, v. to greet, Cath., MD; heilen, MD, S2.
Hailsen, v. to greet, to say ‘hail,’ MD, Cath., P, S3; haylsen, S3; halsen, S2, S3.—Icel. heilsa; cp. AS. hálsian, to greet, see Sievers, 411.
Hailsinge, sb. salutation, Cath.; halsing, S2.
Hailsum, adj. wholesome, S3.
Hakeney, sb. horse, nag, C3, PP; equillus, Voc.; mannus, Voc.—AF. hakenai, hakeney.
Hakeney-man, sb. one who lets out horses, P; equiferus, Voc.; hakneyman, Voc.
Hal, sb. a secret place, MD; hale, dat., S.
Halde, pt. s. inclined, S. See Helden.
Halely, adv. wholly, S2; haly, S2. See Hail.
Halen, v. to hale, drag, S, S2, S3, Prompt.; halie, PP.—OS. halón; cp. OFris. halia; from Teutonic comes OF. haler.
Halende, sb. the Saviour, S; see Helende.
Halewen, v. to hallow, consecrate, S2, W2, PP; halwen, S2, S3, PP, C3; haliȝen, S; halȝed, pt. s., S2; y-halȝed, S2.—AS. hálgian. See Holi.
Halewis, sb. pl. saints, W; halechen, S; see Halwes.
Half, sb. side, S, S2; hælf, S; halue, dat., S; pl., S; halues, G. Phr.: o Godess hallfe, on God’s behalf, S.—AS. healf.
Halflingis, adv. half, S3.
Halfpeny, sb. halfpeny, MD; halpens, pl., W.
Hali, adj. holy, S, S2. See Holi.
Halidom, sb. a holy thing, holy relics, S, P; halydom, S2; haliȝdomess, pl., S.—AS. háligdóm.
Hali-write, sb. holy writ, S.
Haliȝen, v. to hallow, S; see Halewen.
Halke, sb. corner, recess, S, Prompt., MD; halkes, pl., C3; halkeȝ, S2.
Halle, sb. hall, Cath., S, C2; hallen, dat., S.—AS. heall.
Hals, sb. neck, S, S2, C2, C3.—AS. heals; cp. Icel. háls.
Halsien, v. to embrace, MD; halsen, Cath., Prompt.; hals, H.—AS. healsian; cp. Icel. hálsa.
Halsien, v. to beseech, conjure, MD; halsen, S2, C2.
Hals-man, sb. executioner, HD.
Halsynge, sb. embrace, Cath.
Halt, adj. lame, MD.
Halten, v. to walk as lame, MD; halted, pt. pl., S2.—AS. healtian.
Haluen-del, sb. the half, S, G; haluendele, PP.
Halwes, sb. pl. saints, C3; halewis, W; halhes, S; halechen, S; haleȝen, dat., S; halȝen, S2; halhen, S; halege, sb., saint, S; halgh, S2. See Holi.
Hamer, sb. hammer, C, C3.—AS. hamor.
Hamly, adv. familiarly, heartily, H. See Homliche.
Hamlynes, sb. intimacy, H. See Homlinesse.
Hand, sb. hand, MD; hond, S, S2, C2; hoond, W, W2; honde, dat., S, S2, C3; hand, pl., S; bend, S, S2; hende, S2; honde, S; honden, S, S2; handes, S; hondes, S, S3, C2, C3, P.—AS. hand (hond).
Hand-ful, sb. sheaf, S, MD.
Handidandi, sb. forfeit, P; handiedandie, HD.
Handlen, v. to handle, S, C2.
Hangen, v. (strong), to hang; (1) tr., MD; heng, pt. s.; C2; hengen, pl., S; heengen, S2; hongen, pp., MD; (2) intr. heng, pt. s., C3, MD; hyng, S2, MD; hing, MD; hong, S3, MD; hynge, C.—AS. hange, 1 pr. s., héng, pt. s., hangen, pp.
109Hangen, v. (weak) to hang; (1) intr., MD; hengen, S, MD; hongen, S, S2, S3; hongien, MD; hingen, S2; hing, MD; hyng, S2, S3, H; henged, pt. s., MD, S; honged, pl., S3, G; hangiden, W; henged, pp., S; (2) tr. hongede, pt. s., S2; hongide, W; hangede, MD; hanged, pp., P; y-honged, S2.—AS. hangian.
Hanselle, sb. handsel, earnest-money on a purchase, a gift, PP, Cath.; hansale, strena, Prompt.; haunsel, MD; hansel, P, HD.—Icel. handsal, the confirming of a bargain by shaking hands.
Hansellen, v. to handsel, to betroth, MD, Cath., Palsg.; i-hondsald, pp., S.—Icel. handsala.
Hap, sb. chance, fortune, C2, C3, PP; happe, S2, W; happes, pl., P.—Icel. happ.
Happen, v. to hap, chance, P, S2, C2, C3; hapte, pt. s., MD.
Happiliche, adv. perchance, P; happily, P.
Happy, adj. lucky, S3.
Happyn, v. to wrap up, Prompt., MD; hap, JD; happis, pr. s., S3; happid, pt. s., HD; happid, pp., H.
Happynge, sb. wrapping, H.
Harborowe, v. to harbour; see Herberwe.
Harde, adj. hard, severe, disastrous, parsimonious, PP, C2; hard, S; harde, herdure, adj. comp., S; harde, adv., severely, S, S2; hard, with difficulty, W. Comb.: harde cloðes, sackcloth, S. Phr.: of hard, with difficulty, W, W2.—AS. heard.
Hardeliche, adv. bravely, S, S2; hardely, S3.
Harden, v. to make hard; y-harded, pp., C2.
Hardenen, v. to harden; harrdenesst, 2 pr. s., S.
Hardi, adj. hardy, S, W2; bold, daring, S2; hardy, C2, PP.—OF. hardi.
Hardiliche, adv. boldly, P; hardilike, S; hardily, C2; hardiloker, comp., PP.
Hardiment, sb. boldness, MD; hardyment, S2.
Hardinesse, sb. boldness, C2; hardynesse, W, PP.
Harding, sb. a hardening, C2.
Hares, pl. hairs, S2; haris, S3. See Here.
Harlot, sb. beggar, vagabond, ribald, buffoon, rascal, C, PP; herlot, acrobat, H; harlotte, MD; harlotes, pl., P; herlotis, H; adj. scoundrelly, S3.—OF. harlot, herlot, arlot.
Harlotrie, sb. tale-telling, jesting talk, ribaldry, buffoonery, P; harlatrye, jesting = Lat. scurrilitas (εὐτραπελία), W; harlotries, pl., C.
Harm, sb. harm, S; hærm, S; hearm, S; harem, S; hærme, dat., S; harme, S, C2; hermes, pl., damages, S; harmes, PP.—AS. hearm.
Harmen, v. to harm, S; hearmeð, pr. s., S; hermie, subj., S.—AS. hearmian.
Harne-panne, sb. the cranium, skull, Cath.; harnpanne, Voc.; harnpane, Voc.; hernepanne, HD.
Harnes, sb. pl. brains, Voc., Cath., HD; hærnes, S; hernes, S2.—Icel. hjarni, the brain; cp. Goth. hwairnei.
Harneys, sb. armour, C, PP, S3; herneys, C, PP.—OF. harneis.
Harneysed, pp. equipped, C.
Haro! interj., a cry for assistance raised in Normandy by any one wronged, HD; harow, PP; harrow, an exclamation of distress, C, C3, PP.—AF. harro! OF. haro, harol, Cotg., Palsg., p. 501, Bartsch.
Harre, sb. hinge, C, CM. See Herre.
Harryng, sb. growling like a dog, S2.
Harwen, v. to harrow, harry, ravage, PP, MD, CM; herwen, MD; herien, S2; harowen, PP, MD; hærȝien, S; herȝien, MD.—AS. hergian. See Here.
Hary, v. to drag violently, CM; harry, to drag, to vex, HD; haried, pp., C.—OF. harier, to harry, hurry, vex (Cotg.).
Has, sb. command, S; see Heste.
Hasard, sb. the game of hazard played with dice, C3, Voc.—OF. hasard, hasart.
Hasardour, sb. a dice-player, C3, Voc.; haserder, Voc.—AF. hasardour, OF. hasardeur.
Hasardrye, sb. gaming, playing at hazard, C3.
Hase, adj. hoarse, H. See Hoos.
Haske, sb. a wicker fish-basket, ND, S3.
Haspe, sb. a hasp, fastening of a door, Manip.; hespe, Prompt., Cath.—AS. hæpse (Voc.).
Haspen, v. to hasp, obserare, Manip.; hasped, pp., S2; y-hasped, P; i-haspet, S2.
Hast, sb. haste, PP.—Cp. OSwed. hast.
110Hasten, v. to haste; hasteth, imp. pl., C3.
Hastif, adj. hasty, C2; hastyfe, S3.—OF. hastif.
Hastiliche, adv. quickly, S2; hasteliche, S; hastily, C2; hastly, S2: hestely, S3.
Hat, adj. hot, S; hatere, comp., S. See Hoot.
Haten (1), v. to bid, promise, call; hete, 1 pr. s., S2, C3; hote, S2; hicht, S2; hight, S3; hateð, pr. s., bids, S; hat, S; hot, S; hoot, S; hat, pl., S2; hæhte, pt. s., called, S; hehte, ordered, called, S; hihte, S2; hiht, S2; hiȝt, S2; het, ordered, promised, S, S2; hæhten, pl., S; hight, S2; hyghte, C2; hoteð, imp. pl., promise, S; heete, pr. s. subj., C; gehaten, pp., S; i-haten, S; i-hate, S; i-hote, S; y-oten, S; hoten, called, S, P; hotene, promised, S; hote, P; hette, S2; hight, S2; hyht, S2; hecht, S3; y-hyȝt, S2; y-hoten, PP; y-hote, PP; i-hote, S2.—AS. hátan, pt. héht, pp. háten.
Haten (2), v. to be called; hoten, S, MD; hote, C; hatte, MD; het, MD; hight, MD; hiȝt, 1 pr. s., S2; hyȝt, pr. s., S2; hat, P; hattest, 2 pr. s., S; hatte, 1 pr. s., am called, S; pr. s., S2; hatte, pt. s., was called, S, MD; hette, MD; hete, MD; highte, C2; hæhte, S; hehte, S; hecht, S3; hyghte, S2; hiht, S2; hyȝt, S2; het, S, S2; hat, S2.—AS. hátan, pr. and pt. hátte; cp. Goth. haitada, I am called, see Sievers, 367. The forms of AS. Hátan (1) are often used by confusion in the place of the old passive forms.
Hatere, sb. clothing, HD, PP, Prompt.; hater, PP; heater, S; hatren, pl., clothes, S2.—AS. hæteru, pl. garments, see Sievers, 290.
Haterynge, sb. dress, PP.
Hathel, sb. noble one, S2; see Athel.
Hatien, v. to become hot; hatte, pt. s., S; yhat, pp., S2.—AS. hátian. See Hoot.
Hatien, v. to hate, MD, S, S2; hatede, pt. s., C2.—AS. hatian.
Hatreden, sb. hatred, MD; hateredyn, H; hatredyn, H; hatrede, dat., S.
Hatterliche, adv. savagely, S; see Heterly.
Hauberk, sb. a coat of ringed mail, S2, C, C2.—OF. hauberc; OHG. halsberc, lit. neck-defence.
Hauk, sb. hawk, C2, PP, S2; hauec, S; havekes, gen., S; pl., S2; heauekes, S.
Hauke, v. to hawk, C2; hawkyd, pt. s., PP.
Haukynge, sb. hawking, P; an haukyng, on hawking, a-hawking, C2.
Haunt, sb. abode, C2; skill from practice, C; use, custom, PP.
Haunten, v. to frequent, practise, make use of, PP, C3, S3, S2, W, H; hant, S3, HD.—OF. hanter, to frequent.
Hauteyn, adj. loud, MD, C3; havteyn, haughty, H; howteyne, H (n).—OF. hautain, high.
Hauen, v. to have, S; habben, S, S2; abbe, S2; haben, S; habe, S; han, S2, C2; haue, C2, PP; haf, S2; aue, 1 pr. s., S; ha, pr. s. subj., S3; hafst, 2 pr. s., S; hafesst, S; hæfuest, S; hauest, S2; hest, S; hafð, pr. s., S; hafeð, S; haueð, S; haues, S2; hatȝ, S2; heþ, S2; hes, S3; aueð, S; aþ, S2; habbet, 2 pl., S; habbeð, pl., S, S2; abbeð, S2; habeð, S; habbeȝ, S2; han, S2, S3; hafd, 1 pt. s., S2; haued, S2; hauid, S2; hafdes, 2 pt. s., S; hafde, pt. s., S; haffde, S; hefde, S; hefede, S; hedde, S; heuede, S; hadde, S2, C2; adde, S, S2; hæfden, pl., S; hafden, S; haffdenn, S; hefden, S; hedden, S; hadden, S, C2; hadde, S; hade, S; heuede, S2; hafd, pp., S2; y-hadde, S2; haiffeing, pr. p., S3; haze = hae + us, have us, S3.—AS. habban, pt. s. hæfde, pp. gehæfd.
Hauene, sb. haven, S, S2, CM; haunes, pl., 2.—AS. hæfene.
Hauene, v. to take harbour; hauenyden, pt. pl., W.
Hauer, sb. oats, P; havyr, Cath.; hafyr, Voc.—Cp. Du. haver, G. hafer.
Hauer-cake, sb. oat-cake, Cath. (n); havyre-cake, HD.
Hauer-grasse, sb. wild oats, Cath. (n), HD.
Havyng, sb. behaviour, S2; hawyng, S2.
Haw, adj. azure, S3, JD; hawe, grey, MD; haa, MD.—Cp. AS. hǽwen, sea-blue.
Hawbart, sb. halberd, S3.—OF. halebarde.
Hawe, sb. hedge, enclosure, C3, MD; haȝe, MD; hahe, MD; hagh, HD.—AS. haga, hedge (Voc.).
Hawe, sb. hawthorn-berry, MD, C2, PP, Cath.—AS. haga (Voc.).
111Hawe-thorne, sb. hawthorn, PP, Prompt.; haȝþorn, MD.—ONorth. hagaþorn (Mat. 7. 16).
Haxede, pt. s. asked, S; see Asken.
Haye, sb. a hedge, a kind of springe to catch rabbits, S3; hay, ND.—OF. haie (haye), a hedge.
Hay-warde, sb. hedge-warden, PP; haiwarde, PP; hayward, Voc.; heiward, S.—From AS. hege, hedge, and weard.
Haȝheliȝ, adv. becomingly, S; haȝhelike, S.—Icel. hagliga, skilfully, suitably, from hagr.
Haȝher, adj. skilful, MD; hawur, MD; haver, MD; haȝherrlike, adv., becomingly, S. See above.
He, pron. he, S; used indefinitely, = one of you, P; heo, S; hi, S; hie, S; ha, S, S2; a, S2; ȝe, S2; e, S; has = he + hes, he them, S; has = he + hes, he her, S.
Hea-; see under He-.
Healden, v. to pour, S; see Helden.
Healen, sb. pl. dat. heels, S; see Heele.
Heanen, v. to oppress, afflict, S; heande, pt. s., S; heaned, pp., afflicted, S.—Cp. AS. hýnan, to humble, from héan, despised. See Heyne.
Heas, sb. command; hease, dat., S. See Heste.
Heascen, v. to insult, MD; heascede, pt. s., S.—Cp. AS. hyscan.
Heater, sb. clothing, S; see Hatere.
Heaued, sb. head, S; see Heued.
Heaued-sunne, sb. capital sin, deadly sin, S.
Hecht; see Haten.
Hecseities, pl. a term in logic, S3.
Hedde, Hedden, had; see Hauen.
Hede, sb. heed, care, C2, PP.
Heden, v. to heed, S; hedde, pt. s., SkD; hedd, MD.—AS. hédan: OS. hódian, cp. OHG. huaten (Otfrid).
Hee-; see under He-.
Heed, sb. head, C2, C3, G, W; see Heued.
Heedlyng, adv. headlong, W.
Heele, sb. heel, PP; helis, pl., PP; helen, dat., S; healen, S.—AS. héla.
Heep, sb. heap, crowd, number, PP, W2; hep, PP; hepe, Cath., G, PP.—AS. héap; cp. OHG. houf (Otfrid).
Heer, sb. hair, S3, C3; heere, W, PP; see Here.
Heer, adv. here, C2, PP; her, S, S2, C; hær, S; hier, S2; hire, G. Comb.: her-afterward, hereafter, C3; her-biuore, heretofore, S2; herbiforn, C3; her-inne, herein, C3; her-onont, as regards this, S; her-to, hereto, C3; for this cause, W; heer-vpon, hereupon, C2.
Heete; see Haten (1).
Hefden; see Hauen.
Hegge, sb. hedge, S, C, W2; hegges, pl., P; heggis, W2.—AS. hegge (dat.) in Chron. ann. 547.
Heh, adj. high, S, S2, PP; see Heigh.
Heh-dai, sb. high day, festival, MD; hæȝe-dæie, dat., S.
Hehe, adv. highly, S; see Heighe.
Heh-engel, sb. archangel, S.—AS. héahengel.
Heh-fader, sb. patriarch, SD; hagefaderen, pl. dal., S.—AS. héahfader.
Hehlich, adj. noble, proud, perfect, MD; hely, S3.—AS. héahlic.
Hehliche, adv. highly, splendidly, loudly, MD; heihliche, S2; heȝlyche; hæhliche, S; hehlice, S; heglice, S.—AS. héahlice.
Hehne, adj. contemptible, S; see Heyne.
Hehnesse, sb. highness, MD; heynesse, S3; heghnes, S2; hiȝnesse, W.—AS. héahness.
Heh-seotel, sb. high-seat, throne, S; hegsettle, dat., S.—AS. héahsetl.
Hei, sb. hay, grass, Voc., W; see Hey.
Hei, adj. high, S, S2; see Heigh.
Heien, v. to extol, S; see Hiȝen.
Heigh, adj. high, chief, principal, noble, PP, CM, C2, S2; heiȝ, PP, S2; heyȝ, S3; heih, S; heh, S, S2, PP; hegh, S2, S3; hey, PP, C2, S, S2; hei, S, S2; heg, S; heȝe, S, S2; hiȝ, W, S; hyȝe, S2; hihe, C; hi, PP; hy, C2; hæh, S; hah, S; hee, S2.—AS. héah, héh.
Heighe, adv. highly, PP; heiȝe, PP, S2; heye, S, S2, PP; hehȝe, S; hehe, S; heie, S, S2; hye, C2; he, S2; hæȝe, S.—AS. héage, héah.
Heigher, adj. comp. higher, C, CM; heyer, S2, C3; hyer, S3; herre, S, P.—AS. hérra.
Heighest, adj. superl. highest, PP; heghest, S2; hehȝhesst, S; hegest, S; hest, S2; hæhst, S.—AS. héhst.
112Heir, sb. heir, S, C2; see Eir.
Hei-uol, adj. haughty, S2. See Heigh.
Hei-ward, sb. hedge-warden, hayward, S; see Hay-warde.
Hekele, sb. hatchel, mataxa, Prompt.; hechele, hatchel for flax, HD; hekylle, mataxa, Voc., Cath.; heckle, comb, Manip.; hekkill, heckle, cock’s comb, S3; heckle, HD.—Cp. Du. hekel, hatchel.
Helde, sb. a slope, S; heldes, pl., MD.
Helden, v. to tilt, to incline, S, S2, W; healden, to pour, S; helde, pt. s., W; halde, S; helded, S2; heldid, H; held, pp., S2.—AS. heldan cp. Icel. halla, to incline; E. heel (over). See Hell.
Heldynge, sb. an inclining aside, H.
Hele, sb. health, soundness, S, S2, S3, C; hale, S; heale, S, S3; hel, S2; heles, pl., S2.—AS. hǽlu.
Helen, v. to cover, conceal, CM, P, S, S2; heolen, S; halen, pp., S; heled, S2; hole, MD.—AS. helan, pt. hæl, pp. holen; cp. OHG. helan (Otfrid).
Helen, v. to heal, PP, S2, C2; halyd, pp., H.—AS. hǽlan; cp. OHG. heilen (Otfrid).
Helende, sb. the Saviour, the Healer, S; halende, S; healent, S.—AS. hǽlend; cp. OHG. heilant (Otfrid).
Heleth, sb. armed man, warrior, MD; hæleð, MD; heleðes, pl., S.—AS. heleð; cp. G. held.
Helfter, sb. noose, snare, S.—AS. hælftre (Voc.); see SkD. (s.v. halter).
Heling, sb. salvation, S2.
Hell, v. to pour out, H; hel, 1 pr. s., H; hell, imp. s., H; helles, pl., H; helland, pr. p., H; helt, pt. s., H; pp., H.—Icel. hella, to pour. See Helden.
Helle, sb. hell, C2, MD, PP; = infernum, W.—AS. hell: OHG. hella: Goth. halja.
Helle-fur, sb. hell-fire, S.—AS. helle-fýr.
Helle-hound, sb. hell-hound, MD.
Helle-muð, sb. mouth of hell, S.
Helme, sb. a helm, covering for the head, PP, CM; helm, MD.—AS. helm; cp. Goth. hilms.
Helmed, adj. provided with a helm, C2, CM.
Help, sb. help, C2, PP.
Helpen, v. to help, S2; halp, pt. s., C2, PP; halpe, PP, S2; pl., P; holpyn, P; hulpen, P; holpen, pp., C, C2, PP; holpe, P; hulpe, P.—AS. helpan; pt. healp; pp. holpen; cp. Goth. hilpan.
Helplees, adj. helpless, C3; helples, PP.
Helthe, sb. health, salvation, S2; heelthe, W.—AS. hǽlð.
Hem, pron. pl. dat. and acc. them, S, S2, S3, C2, W, PP; hom, S, S2; ham, S, S2; him, C2; heom, S.—AS. him, heom, dat. pl.
Hem-self, pron. themselves, S, C3, PP; hemseluen, PP; hemsilf, W, W2; hemsilue, PP.
Hende, adv. at hand, S2.
Hende, adj. near at hand, handy, courteous, S, S2, G, P; heind, S2; hinde, S3; hendest, superl., S; hændest, S.—AS. (ge)hende.
Hendeliche, adv. courteously, S, S2, P; hændeliche, S; hendely, S2; hendliche, S3.
Hendi, adj. gracious, courteous, S2; hendy, S2, MD.—AS. hendig (in compounds): Goth. handugs, clever.
Heng, pt. s. hung; see Hangen.
Henge, sb. hinge, MD; hengis, pl., W2. See Hangien.
The form Hangien does not occur in the Dictionary. The intended reference may be Hangen (weak).
Henne, adv. hence, S, C3, PP; heonne, S; hennen, S.—AS. heonan.
Hennes, adv. hence, S, S2, P, W; hennus, W; heonnes, PP.
Hennes-forth, adv. henceforth, C2.
Henten, v. to seize, Prompt., S3, C3, P; hente, pt. s., PP, S2, C2, C3, HD; hynt, S3; hent, S2, PP, S3; pp., S3, C2, C3; y-hent, C3.—AS. hentan.
Henter, sb. a thief, HD.
Heo-; see under He-.
Heo, pron. she, S, S2, P; hi, S; hye, S; hie, MD; he, S, S2, P; hue, S2; ha, S; ho, S2, S3; ȝeo, S; ȝho, S; ȝhe, S2; ȝe, S (s.v. ge); heo, acc., her, S.—AS. héo.
Heo-seolf, she herself, S.
Hepe, sb. hip, the fruit of the dog-rose, SkD, MD; heepe, CM.—AS. heope.
Hepe-tre, sb. cornus, Voc., Cath.
Heraud, sb. herald, S3, C; heraudes, pl., C, PP.—OF. heraud, herault, heralt.
113Herbe, sb. herb, Voc.; eerbe, W2; hairbis, pl., S3; herbes, C2; erbez, S2; eerbis, W2.—OF. herbe; Lat. herba.
Herbere, sb. garden of herbs, S3; herber, PP, CM; erber, PP; erberes, pl., S3.
Herbergage, sb. lodging, S2, C2, C3.—AF. herbergage, from OF. herberge, encampment (Roland).
Herbergeour, sb. provider of lodging, C3.—OF. herbergeur.
Herbergeri, sb. lodging, S2.—OF. herbergerie.
Herberwe, sb. lodging, shelter, harbour, place of refuge, camp, S, PP; herborewe, W; herbergh, C, PP; herborȝ, PP; herbore, W.—Icel. herbergi lit. army-shelter. See Here.
Herberwe, v. to harbour, lodge, S3, PP; herborowe, PP; harborowe, S3; herborwe, PP; herborwed, pp., S; herborid, W. See above.
Herbore-les, adj. homeless, W.
Herce, sb. triangular form, S3; herse, a framework whereon lighted candles were placed at funerals, HD; burden of a song, S3.—OF. herce, a harrow; Lat. hirpicem.
Herd, adj. haired, C.
Herde, adj. pl. hard, S; see Harde.
Herde, sb. herd, grex, PP.—AS. heord.
Herde, sb. shepherd, CM; hirde, S, H; hird, S3, H; hurde, keeper, guardian, S; hirdis, pl., W, H.—AS. hierde (heorde), herdsman; cp. OHG. hirti (Otfrid).
Herde-man, sb. herdsman, S3; heordemonne, gen. pl., S.
Herdes, sb. pl. the refuse of flax, MD; hardes, Voc., Cath.; heerdis, CM; hyrdys, Prompt.; heorden, dat., S.—AS. heordan.
Herdes, pl. lands, S; see Erd.
Here, sb. hair, S, CM, S3; her, S2; heer, S3, C3; heere, W, PP; heare, S3; hore, MD; hares, pl., S2; haris, S3; heres, C2; heeris, W; heiris, W2.—AS. hǽr; cp. OHG. hár (Otfrid).
Here, sb. hair-cloth, S, S2; haire, Cath.; hayre, Voc.; heare, S; heire, W2, PP; heyre, C3, P, W; haigre, dat., S.—AS. hǽre.
Here, sb. host, army, S, S2.—AS. here: Goth. harjis.
Here, pron. of them, their, S, S2, C, PP; her, S, S3, C2, C3, PP; heore, S; huere, S2; hore, S; hor, S2; hare, S, S2; hir, C2; hire, S; hern, herne, gen. theirs, W, W2.—AS. hira (heora).
Here, pron. and poss. pron. her, C3, PP; see Hire.
Hered-men, sb. pl. retainers, S; see Hired-men.
Heremyte, sb. hermit, S2; heremites, pl., P; see Ermite.
Heren, v. to hear, S, C2; hiren, to obey, S, MD; huren, MD; hæren, S; hieren, MD, S2; heir, S3; heoreð, 1 pr. pl., S; herde, pt. s., S, S2, C2; herd, S2; hurde, S2; hard, S3; herden, pl., G; hard, pp., S3; herd, C2; y-hyerd, S2; ihurd, S2.—AS. héran: OS. hórian.
Here-toȝe, sb. leader of an army, MD; heretoche, S.—AS. heretoga; cp. G. herzog.
Here-word, sb. praise, S.
Here-wurðe, adj. worthy of praise, S.
Herield, adj. given as a heriot, S3.—Low Lat. heregeldum, see Ducange (s.v. heriotum). See Heriet.
Herien, v. to praise, S, C2, C3; herie, W; herye, S3, S2; i-heret, pp., S.—AS. herian: Goth. hazjan.
Herien, v. to harry, S2; see Harwen.
Heriet, sb. a heriot, equipment falling to the lord of the manor on decease of a tenant, MD.—AS. heregeatu, military equipment. See Here, Herield.
Hering, sb. herring, MD; herynge, S2 (8 b. 46); elringe, S2 (probably an error). Cp. AF. harang.
Heriynge, sb. praise, W; heryinge, S2.
Herken, v. to hark, MD; herk, S2.
Herknen, v. to hearken, S, C2; hercnen, hercni, S.—AS. hearcnian.
Herknere, sb. listener, S3.
Herlot, sb. acrobat, H; see Harlot.
Hermes, sb. pl. harms, damages, S; see Harm.
Hermyne, sb. ermine, S; ermine, S.—OF. hermine.
Herne, sb. a corner, S2, C3, P; hirne, S, PP, H, S3; hyrne, H; hurne, S, S2; huirnes, pl., S2, PP.—AS. hyrne.
Herne, sb. heron, Prompt.; see Heron.
Herne-panne, sb. scull, HD; see Harne-panne.
Hernes, sb. pl. brains, S2; see Harnes.
Herneys, sb. armour, C; see Harneys.
Hernez, sb. pl. eagles, S2; see Ern.
Heron, sb. heron, MD; heiroun, MD; heyrone, MD; heroun, MD; herne, Prompt.; heern, Prompt.; heryn, Prompt.—OF. hairon: It. aghirone: OHG. heigero.
114Heronsewe, sb. a heron, a young heron, C2, Cath.; herunsew, HD; hearnesew, HD; hernshaw, HD, SkD.—AF. herouncel (OF. heronceau).
Herre, sb. a hinge, Prompt., MD; harre, Cath., C; har, JD, Voc.; herris, pl., W2; herrys, H.—AS. heorr; cp. Icel. hjarri.
Herre, sb. lord, master, MD; hærre, S.—AS. hearra; cp. OS. hérro.
Herse, sb. burden of a song, S3; see Herce.
Hert, sb. hart, S2, C, C2, W2; hertes, pl., S2; hertis, W2, PP.—AS. heort, heorot, heorut; see Brugmann, § 67. 5.
Herte, sb. heart, S, PP, S2, C2; hairt, S3; hurte, S2; huerte, S2; hierte, S; heorte, S, PP; hert, S2; hertes, pl., S, C2, C3; hertis, P.—AS. heorte; cp. Goth. hairto.
Herte-blood, sb. heart’s blood, C3.
Herteles, adj. without courage, C; hartlesse, S3; hertles, foolish, W2.
Hertely, adj. hearty, MD; hertly, C2; joyous, W2.
Hertely, adv. heartily, S3, C2; herteliche, S.
Herten, v. to cheer, HD, S3, S; hertid, pp., wise, W2.
Herte-spon, sb. brisket-bone, C.
Herting, sb. cheering, S.
Heruest, sb. harvest, S, S2, P.—AS. hærfest.
Heruest-trees, sb. pl. autumnal trees = arbores autumnales, W.
Hesmel, sb. collar (?), S.
Hesn, sb. command, MD; hesne, pl., S.—Formed from AS. hǽs. See Heste.
Heste, sb. command, S, S2, C2, C3, PP; has, S; hes, S; hest, S; hease, dat. S; hese, pl., S; hestes, S, S2, S3, C2; heestis, W; hestene, gen., S.—AS. hǽs.
Hete, sb. heat, S, C3, PP; hæte, S; heat, S; hit, S; hate, dat., S.—AS. hǽtu.
Hete, v. to heat, Cath., S2.—AS. hǽtan.
Hete, sb. hate, S.—AS. hete: OS. heti.
Hetel, adj. hateful, cruel, horrible, MD.
Hetelifaste, adv. cruelly, S.
Heten, v. to promise, MD, S2, C3, H; see Haten.
Heter, adj. rough, MD.
Heterly, adv. fiercely, violently, S2; hetterly, S2; heterliche, MD; hatterliche, S; heatterliche, S.
Heth, sb. heath, PP, CM; heethe, dat., C.—AS. hǽð; cp. Icel. heiðr.
Hethen, adj. heathen, S, S2, C3, PP; hathene, S; heaðene, S; hæðene, S.—AS. hǽðen.
Heðen, adv. hence, S, S2, S3, H; eðen, S.—Icel. héðan.
Hethenesse, sb. heathendom, S, C3, PP.—AS. hǽðennis.
Hethenlich, adv. in heathen manner. W.
Heðing, sb. scoffing, scorn, S2, HD, CM; hethyngis, pl., H.—Icel. hæðing.
Hette; see Haten.
Hetyng, sb. promising, H. See Heten.
Heued, sb. head, S, S2, PP; heaued, S; heauet, S; hafed, S; hæfedd, S; hæued, S; hefed, S; heeued, S2; heuet, S; heed, C2, C3, G, W; heuede, dat., S2; hæfden, pl., S; heuedes, C2; heuiddes, S2; hedes, C3; heedes, C2, G; heedis, W.—AS. héafod.
Heued-cloð, sb. head-cloth, S.
Heued-sunne, sb. a capital sin, deadly sin, S; hefed-sunne, S; heaued-sunne, S.
Heuegeð, pr. s. bears heavy on, S.—AS. hefigian.
Heuen, v. to heave, raise, S, S2, C; houe, pt. s., S, MD; houen, pp., S2, MD.—AS. hebban, pt. hóf, pp. hafen.
Heuene, sb. heaven, PP; heouene, S; heuen, C2; heoffness, gen., S; hewynnis, S3; heofene, dat., S; heouene, S; heoffne, S; hefene, S; heuene, S, C2; hefenen, pl., S.—AS. heofon.
Heuenen, v. to raise, MD, S2. See Heuen.
Heuene-riche, sb. kingdom of heaven, S, S2, P; heoueneriche, S; heoueriche, S; heueriche, S; heofeneriche, S.—AS. heofonríce.
Heuen-king, sb. King of Heaven, S.
Heuenliche, adj. heavenly, S, C; heouenlich, S.
Heuy, adj. heavy, mournful, PP; molestus, W; heuie, S; hefiȝ, S; heuy, adv., W.—AS. hefig.
Heuyed, pp. made heavy, W.
Heuynesse, sb. heaviness, grief, PP, C2.
Hew, sb. colour, S, S2, S3; heou, S; heu, S2; huȝ, S2; hu, S2; hiu, S; heowe, 115 dat., S; hewe, S2, C2; hewes, pl., colours for painting, C.—AS. hiw.
Hewe, sb. servant, P, MD; hewen, pl., P, MD.—AS. híwan, pl. domestics, from híw, family. See Hyne, Hired.
Hewed, adj. hued, S3, C; hwed, S2.
Hewen, v. to hew, knock, C, PP; hiewh, pt. s., S2.—AS. héawan.
Hey, sb. hay, S2, C2, C3, W; hei, W; hai, S2; heye, W.—AS. hég (OET).
Heyda, interj. ho! there, SkD; hoighdagh, S3.—Cp. G. heida.
Heyne, adj. as sb. despised, worthless person, C3, CM, MD; hehne, adj. dat., contemptible, S; hæne, pl., poor, S.—AS. héan; cp. Goth. hauns.
Heyre, sb. hair-cloth, C3, P, W; see Here.
Heythe, sb. height, Prompt.; heȝthe, S2; heyt, S2; hycht, S3. Phr.: on highte, aloud, C.—AS. héhðu. See Heigh.
Hi, pron. nom. and acc. they, S, S2; hy, S, S2; i, S; hie, S; hii, S, S2; hij, P; hei, S; heo, S, S2; ho, S; he, S, S3; ha, S; hue, S2; a, S2.—AS. hí (hig), híe, héo.
Hi, pron. he, S; hie, S; see He.
Hid, sb. privity = absconditum, H (p. 96).
Hidel, sb. secrecy, secret, MD; hidils, H, W, HD. Phr.: in hiddlis = (in occulto), W, W2.—AS. hýdels.
Hiden, v. to hide, PP; see Huden.
Hider, adv. hither, S, S2, C2, G, PP; hyder, PP; huder, PP; hidur, HD.—AS. hider, hiðer.
Hider-to, adv. hitherto, S.
Hider-ward, adv. hitherward, S, S2, C2, P.
Hidous, adj. hideous, C; hydus, S2; hydows, immanis, Prompt.—OF. hidus (F. hideux).
Hidousnesse, sb. horror, W2.
Hierte, sb. heart, S; see Herte.
Hight, Hiht; see Haten.
Hihe; see Heigh.
Hi-heren, v. to hear, S.—AS. ge-héran. See Ȝe.
Hiht; see Haten.
Hihten; see Hiȝten.
Hilen, v. to cover, protect, S, S2, W, H; hulen, S, S2, PP; hiled, pp., C, P, H; hilid, W, H; hild, H; y-hyled, S3.—Icel. hylja.
Hilere, sb. protector, H; heyler, H.
Hiling, sb. covering, 82, W, W2; hilynge, H.
Him, pron. dat. s. him, C2.
Him-seluen, pron. himself, C2, PP.
Hindir, adj. comp. hinder, latter, S3; hinder, JD; ender, 83. Phr.: this hyndyr nycht, this night last past, 83; this ender daie, S3.—Icel. hindri, hinder, latter.
Hine, pron. acc. him, S; hyne, S, S2; hin, S.—AS. hine.
Hine, sb. servant, MD; used of the Virgin Mary, MD; pl., S, S2; hinen, S; see Hyne.
Hine-hede, sb. service, S2.
Hirde, sb. shepherd, S, H; see Herde.
Hirdnesse, sb. flocks under a shepherd’s care, S. See Herde.
Hire, pron. and poss. pron. her, S, S2, C; hure, PP, S; here, C3, PP; hir, C3, PP; ire, S2; hires, hers, S2, C3; hire-selue, herself, S2; Hir-selue, AS. hire (hyre).
Hired, sb. body of retainers, S, MD; hird, household, company, courtiers, S, MD.—AS. híred, household = híw + réd. See Hewe.
Hired-men, sb. pl. retainers, S; heredmen, S.
Hiren, v. to obey, S; see Heren.
Hirne, sb. corner, S, S3, PP, H; see Herne.
Hirten, v. to hurt, dash against, W, W2; see Hurten.
Hirtyng, sb. stumbling, W, W2; hortynge, dat., hurting, H (p. 96).
His, pron. f. acc. her, MD (p. 446), S; hies, S; hes, S; ys, MD; is, 82; hyse, MD.
His, pron. pl. acc. them, S, S2; hise, S2; hes, S; is, S, S2: es, MD; ys, MD.
His, pron. poss. his, S, S2; hisse, S2; es, S; is, S, S2; hise, pl., S, W, PP; hyse, S, PP.
Hit, pron. it, S, S2; hyt, S2; it, S, S2; hiȝt, S2; hit (used as gen.), S2.—AS. hit.
Hitten, v. to hit, Cath., PP, S2; hutten, MD; hitte, pt. s., cast down hastily, P; hutte, PP; y-hyt, pp., S2. Icel. hitta: Goth. hinthan, to catch.
116Hiȝ, adj. high, W, S; see Heigh.
Hiȝen, v. to heighten, extol, W; heien, S; hieth, pr. s., W; i-heied, pp., S (p. 123); i-hæȝed, S; heghid, H.
Hiȝen, v. to hie, hasten, MD, W; hyȝen, S2; hyen, S3, PP; hye, reflex., S2, C3; hiȝede, pt. s., S, S2, S3, PP; hiȝed, pp., W; hied, PP.—AS. higan, higian.
Hiȝingli, adv. hastily, W.
Hiȝt; see Haten.
Hiȝte, sb. delight, joy, S.—AS. hyht, joy; cp. hihting, joy, exultation (Voc.).
Hiȝten, v. to rejoice, be glad, S.—AS. hyhtan; cp. ge-hihtan (Voc.).
Hiȝten, v. to adorn, Trevisa, (1. 41, 235 and 2. 363); hight, HD; hihten, pt. pl., S.
Hiȝter, sb. embellisher, Trevisa, (1. 7).
Hoball, sb. an idiot, S3; hobbil, HD.—Cp. Du. hobbelen, to toss, stammer, stutter.
Ho-bestez, sb. pl. she-beasts, S2. See Heo.
Hobie, sb. a kind of hawk, Manip.; hoby, Voc., Cath.; hobby, HD; hobies, pl., S3.—Cp. OF. hobreau (Cotg.).
Hod, sb. hood, S2, S3, PP; hode, C2, P; see Hood.
Hoddy-peke, sb. a hood-pick, HD; see Huddy-peke.
Hohful, adj. anxious, MD; hohfulle, S.—AS. hohful, from hogu, care.
Hoise, v. to hoist, lift up, WW; hoyse, S3; hyce, Palsg.; hyse, Palsg.; hoighced, pp., WW.—Cp. ODu. hyssen, G. hissen, Du. hijschen, also F. hisser.
Hok, sb. hook, MD; hoc, S2; hokes, pl., P.—AS. hóc.
Hoked, adj. provided with a hook, P; i-hoked, hooked, S.
Hoker, sb. mockery, scorn, MD; hokere, dat., S; hokeres, pl., S.—AS. hócor.
Hoker-lahter, sb. the laughter of scorn, S.
Hokerliche, adv. scornfully, S.
Hokerunge, sb. scorn, MD; hokerringe, dat., S.
Hokkerye; see Hukkerye.
Hold, sb. a stronghold, C3.
Hold, adj. inclined to any one, gracious, friendly, S; holde, pl., S2.—AS. hold: Goth. hulþs.
Holdelike, adv. graciously, S2.
Holden, v. to hold, observe, keep, consider, S, S2, PP; healden, S; halden, S, S2, PP; hælden, S; helde, S; halst, 2 pr. s., S; halt, pr. s., S, S2, S3, C2; hallt, S; hauld, pl., S3; haldes, haldis, imp. pl., S2; heold, pt. s., S; heeld, C2; hield, S2; huld, S2; heoldon, pl., S; heolden, S; heolde, S; helde, C2, PP; hielden, S; hulde, S2; i-halden, pp., S; halden, S2; i-holde, S, S2; holden, S, C2; holde, beholden, S2; kept, C2; y-holde, S2, C3; y-holden, P; i-hialde, S.—AS. healdan.
Hole, adj. whole, C3; pl., entire, i.e. neatly mended up, P; see Hool.
Hole-foted, adj. whole-footed (i.e. web-footed), S2.
Hole-ly, adv. wholly, P; holly, S2, C; hollyche, S3; holliche, PP; holiche, PP.
Holi, adj. holy, S, PP; holy, PP; hali, S, S2; heali, S; ali, S; haliȝ, S; hallȝhe, S; haliche, adv., S.—AS. hálig.
Holi-cherche, sb. Holy Church, P; holikirke, P.
Holi-dai, sb. holiday, PP; haliday, P.
Holi-gost, sb. Holy Ghost, PP; hali-gast, S.
Holle, sb. hull of a ship, SKD (p. 811), MD, Voc., Prompt.—AS. holh. Cf. Holwe.
Holly, sb. holly, MD; holie, S; holy, Prompt. See Holyn.
Holsumliche, adv. wholesomely, S. See Hool.
Holt, sb. a wood, wooded hill, grove, MD; holte, C, PP; holtes, pl., S3, PP.—AS. holt (OET.).
Holwe, adj. hollow, C3, PP; howe, pl., S3, JD.—Cp. AS. holh, a hollow.
Holyn, sb. holly, S (p. 116), Voc., MD, Cath.; holin, S (p. 116); hollen, MD.—AS. holen, holegn.
Holyn-bery, sb. holly-berry, Cath.
Homage, sb. men, retainers, vassalage, S.—OF. homage.
Homicyde, sb. assassin, C2.—AF. homicide; Lat. homicida (Vulg.).
Homicyde, sb. manslaughter, murder, C3.—OF. homicide; Lat. homicidium (Vulg.).
Homliche, adj. meek, domesticus, W; homeli, W; hamly, adv. familiarly, heartily, H. See Hoom.
Homlinesse, sb. domesticity, C2; hamlynes, intimacy, H.
Homward, adv. homeward, S, C2.
Hon-; see also under Hun-.
117Hond, sb. hand, S, S2, C2. See Hand.
Hond-fast, pp. fastened by the hands, G.
Honest, adj. honourable, worthy, C2, C3, PP; onest, W; oneste W.—OF. honeste; Lat. honestum.
Homestetee, sb. honourableness, C2.
Honestly, adv. honourably, C3.
Hong, pt. s. hung; see Hangen.
Hongede, pt. s. hung; see Hangen (2).
Honour, sb. honour, MD; honur, S2.—OF. honur; Lat. honorem.
Honoure, v. to honour, PP, C2; onuri, S; honur, S2; anuri, S; onourynge, pr. p., W; anuret, imp. pl., S; anurede, pt. pl., S; anured, pp., S; onourid, W2.—OF. honorer (onurer); Lat. honarare.
Hony, sb. honey, PP, W.—AS. hunig.
Hony-socle, sb. honeysuckle, Prompt.; locusta, Prompt.
Hony-souke, sb. chervil, cerifolium, Voc.; serpillum, pellitory, Voc.; locusta, Voc.; honysoukis, pl. (= locustae), W.—AS. hunigsúge, privet, also hunisuce (Voc.).
Hood, sb. hood, PP, MD; hud, MD; hod, S2, S3, PP; hode, C2, MD, P; hoode, C2; hude, Cath.—AS. hód.
Hool, adj. whole, C2, W, PP; hoi, S, S2, PP; hoole, S2, S3; hole, C3; hal, S.—AS. hál; cp. Icel. heill. Cf. Hail.
Hoolsum, adj. wholesome, W; hoisome, S3; holsum, S.—Cp. Icel. heilsamr.
Hoom, sb. home, CM; horn, S, S2; om, S; ham, S; hom, adv., S2, C2; hoom, C2; haym, S3; heame, S3; whome, S3.—AS. ham, nom. and dat. loc., see Sievers, 237.
Hoor, adj. hoar, gray, C3; hor, PP; hore, pl., S3, G, P.—AS. hár.
Hoornesse, sb. hoariness, W2.
Hoos, adj. hoarse, PP; hos, PP; hoose, W2; hors, PP; horse, CM; hase, H.—AS. hás; cp. G. heiser.
Hoot, adj. hot, C3; hat, S; hate, S; hot, PP; hote, adv., S2; hatere, comp., S; hatture, S.—AS. hát; cp. G. heiss.
Hope, sb. hope, MD; hoip, S3.—AS. hopa.
Hopen, v. to hope, MD; hope, to think, expect, H.
Hopper, sb. a seed-basket, HD; hoper, P; hopyr, corn-basket, Voc.; hoppyr, farricapsa molendini, Cath.
Hoppesteres, sb. pl. dancers (viz. the ships), MD, C.—AS. hoppestre.
Hord, sb. hoard, S2, C3; horde, S, PP.—AS. hord: Goth. huzd; cp. Lat. custos, see Brugmann, § 469.
Horde-hows, sb. treasury, HD.
Hordere, sb. treasurer, SD.—AS. hordere (Voc.)
Horder-wice, sb. the office of treasurer; horderwycan, S.
Hore, sb. whore, PP; hoore, W, W2; horis, pl., W; hooris, W.—Icel. hóra.
Horedom, sb. whoredom, PP; hordom, S, S2.—Icel. hórdómr.
Horeling, sb. fornicator, MD; horlinges, S.
Hori, adj. dirty, MD; hoory, MD.—AS. horig.
Horlege, sb. time-teller, clock, Cath. See Orologe.
Horlege-loker, sb. a diviner, haruspex, Cath.
Horowe, adj. foul, unclean, CM.—From AS. horh, filth (gen. horwes).
Horwed, pp. as adj. unclean, S2.
Hors, sb. horse, S; pl., S, C2, PP; horse, PP; horsus, PP.—AS. hors.
Horse-corser, sb. horse-dealer, S3.
Horsly, adj. horselike, C2.
Horte, sb. hurt, S3. See Hurte.
Horten, v. to hurt, MD; see Hurten.
Hortynge, sb. hurting, H (p. 96); see Hirtyng.
Hosel, sb. the Eucharist, MD; see Husel.
Hoseli, v. to housel, S2; see Huslen.
Hosen, sb. pl. stockings, S, C2, G; hoosis, W.—AS. hosan, pl.
Hoskins, sb. pl. gaiters, S3; hokshynes, S3.
Hoste, sb. host, entertainer, MD; see Ooste.
Hostel, sb. lodging, MD; see Ostel.
Hostellere, sb. inn-keeper, P; see Ostelere.
Hostelrie, sb. inn, C; see Ostelrie.
Hostery, sb. inn, MD; see Ostery.
Hoten, v. to bid, promise, MD; see Haten.
Hou, adv. how, S2, PP; hw, S; hwu, S; wu, S, S2; hu, S, S2; whou, S3; whouȝ, S3; wouȝ, S3.—AS. hú. Cf. Hwi.
Houch-senous, sb. pl. hock-sinews, S3; see Houȝ-senue.
Houge, adj. huge, WW; see Huge.
Hound, sb. hound, dog, MD, C2; hund, S; hunde, dat., S.—AS. hund.
118Hound-fleȝe, sb. dog-fly, cinomia, MD; hund-fleghe, H; hundeflee, Cath.; hundfle, H.—AS. hundesfléoge (Voc.).
Houre, sb. hour, MD; our, S2, S3; oware, S3; houres, pl., hours, devotions at certain hours (see Horae in Ducange), S2, P; oures, P; houris, orisons, songs of praise, S3; vres, S.—AF. houre, OF. hore (eure, ure); Lat. hora.
Hous, sb. house, also a term in astrology, PP, S2, C2; hus, S.—AS. hús.
Housbond, sb. the master of a house, husband, C2, C3, G; housebond, PP; hosebonde, farmer, PP; husband, S, S2, S3; husbonde, S; husebonde, S.—Icel. húsbondi.
Housbonderye, sb. economy, P; housbondry, C; hosboundrie, PP; husbandry, Sh.
Hous-coppis, sb. pl. house-tops, W2.
Housel, sb. the Eucharist, CM; see Husel.
Houselen, v. to housel, CM; see Huslen.
House-wif, sb. house-wife, PP; hosewyues, pl., W.
Houten, v. to hoot, PP; howten, Prompt.; huten, MD; y-howted, pp., PP.—Cp. OSwed. huta, with which is related OF. huter (huer).
Houȝ-senue, sb. hock-sinew, MD; houchsenous, pl., S3.—AS. hóh-sinu; cp. Icel. há-sin.
Houe, sb. hoof, ungula, MD; hufe, Cath., MD; houys, pl., MD; hoeues, S3.—AS. hóf.
Houe-daunce, sb. a court-dance, HD, MD, Caxton (Reynard, p. 54). Cp. ODu. hofdans.
Houen, v. to wait about, remain, S, S2, S3, P; hufe, S3.
Howe, sb. high hill, tumulus; how, H (p. 374), JD; howis, pl., H.—Icel. haugr.
Howfe, sb. hood, coif, tena, Cath.; howue, P, CM, C2 (p. 178); houue, PP; houues, pl., S2, P.—AS. húfe.
Hoxterye, sb. retail-dealing, S2, PP; see Huksterie.
Huche, sb. hutch, clothes-box, a chest, the ark of Israel, Prompt., H, MD; hucche, P, HD; hutche, Prompt.—OF. huche.
Huddy-peke, sb. a hood-pick, one who thieves out of a man’s hood, simpleton, S3; hudpik, S3 (p. 422); hoddypeke, S3 (p. 421), HD.
Hude, sb. hide, S; hide, MD; hiden, pl., S2.—AS. hýd: OS. húd; cp. Lat. cutis.
Huden, v. to hide, S, PP; hiden, S, PP; huyden, PP; hyde, C2; huide, S; hud, imp. s., S; hit, pr. s., C2; hut, MD; hudde, pt. s., PP; hidde, C2, PP; y-hid, pp., C3; i-hud, S; hidd, S; hudde, S.—AS. hýdan.
Hudinge, sb. concealment, S2.
Hue, sb. a loud cry, SkD, Sh.—AF. hu. See Houten.
Huerte, sb. heart, S2; see Herte.
Hufe, sb. hoof, Cath., MD; see Houe.
Hufe, v. to hover about, S3; see Houen.
Huge, adj. huge, MD; hoge, MD; hugie, S3; houge, WW; hogge, HD, MD.
Hugely, adv., hugely, greatly, Cath.
Huide, v. to hide, S; see Huden.
Huirnes, sb. pl. corners, S2, PP; see Herne.
Hukken, v. to hawk, to retail, Voc.; hucke, Palsg.—Cp. ODu. huken, to stoop down (Du. heuken, to retail).
Hukker, sb. a hawker, retailer of small articles, Voc.—Cp. Du. heuker.
Hukkerye, sb. retail dealing, PP; hokkerye, PP.
Hukster, sb. huckster, Voc., MD, Cath.; hukkester, Voc.; hokester, MD.
Huksterie, sb. retail dealing; huckustrye, PP; hoxterye, S2, PP.
Hul, sb. hill, S2, PP, Voc.; hil, S; hille, dat., S; hulle, S; pl., S; hulles, S2, P; hilles, MD.—AS. hyll.
Hulden, v. to flay, MD, S2; hild, HD; helden, MD; hylt, pp., HD.—AS. (be)hyldan, to flay, skin; cp. Icel. hylda.
Hule, sb. a hull, husk, covering of grain or nuts, PP; hole, Prompt.; hoole, Prompt., SkD (p. 811).
Hulpen; see Helpen.
Huly, adj. slow, moderate, JD; hoolie, JD.—Icel. hógligr, adj.
Huly, adv. slowly, H; holy, H.—Icel. hógliga.
Hulynes, sb. slowness, H; huliness, JD.
Humble, adj. humble, MD; humyll, S3.—OF. humble, humile; Lat. humilem.
119Humblesse, sb. humility, S2, C2, C3.
Humilitee, sb. humility, C2.
Hund, sb. hound, S; see Hound.
Hund-fle, sb. dog-fly, H; see Hound-fleȝe.
Hundred, num. hundred, S, P, Cath.; hundret, S; hondreð, P; hondred, S2; hundereth, S2; hundreth, WW.—Icel. hundrað.
Hundred-feald, hundredfold, S.
Hunger, sb. hunger, famine, S; hungær, S; honger, S2; hungre, dat., S.—AS. hungor.
Hunger-bitten, adj. famished, WW.
Hungren, v. to hunger, S; hungrede, pt. s., was hungry, S.—AS. hyngran.
Hungri, adj. hungry, S.—AS. hungrig.
Hunte, sb. hunter, S, C; honte, C.—AS. hunta (Voc.).
Hunten, v. to hunt, S, C2.—AS. huntian.
Hunteresse, sb. huntress, C.
Hunteð, sb. a hunting, MD; honteð, S2, MD.—AS. huntoð.
Hunting, sb.; an huntinge, on hunting, a-hunting, S, C2; on hontyng, C.
Hupe, sb. hip, MD; hepe, MD; hupes, pl., CM, MD; hipes, C; hipis, W.—AS. hype.
Huppen, v. to leap, dance, jump, MD; hupte, pt. s., S, S2.—Cp. G. hüpfen.
Hurde, sb. keeper, S; see Herde.
Hurde, pt. s. heard, S2; see Heren.
Hure, adv. at least; hure and hure, at intervals, S, MD; hur and hur, frequently, S.—AS. huru, at least. Cf. La hwure.
Hure, sb. hire, S, S2, G, PP; huire, S, S2, P; huyre, P.—AS. hýr.
Huren, v. to hire, MD; huyre, ger., G; hyre, G; hurede, pt. s., S; hyred, pp., C2; huyred, P; ihuret, S2.—AS. hýrian.
Hurkelen, v. to stoop down, crouch, rest, MD; hurkle, HD; hurkled, pt. s., S2.
Hurlen, v. to rush, dash against, hurl, S2, C3, W2; hurlle, PP; hurliden, pt. pl., threw down, W.
Hurne, sb. corner, S, S2; see Herne.
Hurrok, sb. oar (?), S2, MD.—Cp. orruck-holes, oar-drawing holes (?), in the Norfolk dialect, cited in MD.
Hurte, sb. hurt, collisio, Cath.; hurt, PP, C2; hortis, pl., S3.
Hurten, v. to dash against, push, injure, MD, Prompt., PP; horten, MD; hirten, W, W2; y-hurt, pp., S2, S3.—OF. hurter.
Hurtlen, v. to dash against, rattle, dash down, C, W, W2.
Huschen, v. to hush, MD; hussen, MD; hussht, pp., MD; hoscht, MD; hust, pp., C.
Husel, sb. the sacrifice of the Eucharist, S; housel, CM; hosel, MD.—AS. húsel.
Huslen, v. to administer the Eucharist, MD; hoseli, S2; hoslen, S; houselen, CM; huseled, pp., houseled, S; hosled, S; y-housled, S2.
Hus-lewe, sb. house-shelter, S; see Hous.
Hye, sb. haste, S2, S3, CM, C3; hie, MD; heye, MD; hegh, H.
Hyen, v. to hasten, S3, PP; see Hiȝen.
Hyne, sb. domestic, servant, hind, S2, P, C3, W; hine (used of the Virgin Mary), MD; hind, Sh.; hine, pl., S, S2; hinen, S.—Cp. AS. hína man, a man of the domestics. Hína, also written híwna, gen. pl. of híwan, domestics. See Hewe.
Iæde, pt. s. went, S; ieden, pl., S; see Eode.
I-bede, sb. prayer, S; ibeden, pl., S.—AS. gebed. See Bede.
I-bere, sb. noise, S.—AS. gebǽre, gesture, cry: OS. gi-bári.
I-beten, v. to amend, S.—AS. ge-bétan.
I-biden, v. to have to do with, S.—AS. ge-bídan.
I-biten, v. to bite, eat, taste, S.—AS. ge-bítan.
I-blissien, v. reflex. to rejoice, S.—AS. ge-blissian.
120I-bod, sb. command, S.—AS. ge-bod.
I-bon, pp. prepared, adorned, S.—AS. ge-bún, pp. of ge-búan. See Boun.
I-borhen, pp. saved, S; iboreȝe, S; iboruwen, S; see Berȝen.
I-brucen, v. to enjoy, S.—AS. ge-brúcan.
I-brusted, pp. made bristly, S.
I-bureð, pr. s. (it) behoveth, S.—AS. ge-byrian.
I-bureȝen, v. to deliver, S.—AS. ge + borgian. See Borwen.
Ich, pron. I, S, S2, S3, C2; icc, S; ik, P; hic, S; hy, S2; ic, S; ih, S: ihc, S; y, S, W, W2. Comb.: ichabbe, I have, S2; icham, I am, S2; ichaue, I have, S2; icholle, I will, S2; ichcholle, S2; ichulle, S2, S; ichim, I + him, S; ichot, I wot, S2; ychabbe, I have, S2; ycham, I am, S2.—AS. ic; cp. OHG. ih (Otfrid).
Ich, adj. each, S, S2; see Eche.
I-chaped, pp. furnished with a chape, C. See Chape.
I-cnowen, v. to know, S.—AS. ge-cnáwan. See Knowen.
I-coren, pp. chosen, S; see Chesen.
I-cundur, adj. com. more natural, S; see Ȝe-cende.
I-cwede, pp. spoken, S; see Queðen.
I-cweme, adj. pleasing, S.—AS. ge-cwéme.
I-cwemen, v. to please, S; i-queme, S; i-quemde, pt. s., S.—AS. ge-cwéman.
Idel, adj. idle, empty, useless, S; ydel, S, C2, P; idul, W. Phr.: an ydel, in vain, P; on idel, S.—AS. ídel; cp. OHG. ítal (Tatian).
Idelliche, adj. idly, SD; ydelly, C3.
Idelnesse, sb. idleness, S; idelnisse, S2.—AS. idelnis.
Idiote, sb. unlearned person, a man not holding public office, TG, PP; ydiot, W; ideot, Cotg.; ydiote, PP.—OF. idiot, one that hath no charge in a commonwealth, an unprofitable person, a ninny, a natural fool (Cotg.); Lat. idiota (Vulg.); Gr. ἰδιώτης, ignorant (NT), lit. one occupied with τὰ ἴδια his private affairs, from ἴδιος, one’s own.
I-dreaued, pp. troubled, S; see Drouy.
Ieden, pt. pl. went, S; see Eode.
I-fæied, pp. hated, SD; i-uaid, S; i-væid, SD.—AS. ge-féoged, pp. of ge-féogan, to hate.
I-fellen, v. to fell, SD; i-uælþ, pr. pl., S; yfelde, pt. s., S; ifulde, S.—AS. ge-fellan.
I-fere, sb. a fellow-farer, companion, comes, S; ȝe-feren, pl., S; i-feren, S; i-ueren, S; y-fere, S; i-uere, S.—AS. ge-féra.
I-feren, adv. together, S; see In, prep.
I-finden, v. to find, S; i-uinden, S; i-uynde, S; y-fynde, C2.—AS. ge-findan.
I-fon, v. to take; i-uo, S; ifoð, pr. pl., S.—AS. ge-fón. See Fon.
I-fulde, pt. s. felled, S; see I-fellen.
Igain, prep. and adv. against, again, S2; see Aȝein.
Igain-sawe, sb. contradiction, S2. Cf. Ogainsaghe.
I-gistned, pp. lodged, S2; see Gestnen.
I-gon, v. to go, S.—AS. ge-gán.
I-grætten, pt. pl. saluted, S; igret, pp., S (7. 105).—AS. gegrétton, pt. pl. of grétan. See Greten.
I-grede, sb. shouting, clamour, S. See Greden.
I-healden, v. to hold, keep, S; iholde, S.—AS. ge-healdan. See Holden.
I-hende, adv. near, S.—AS. ge-hende; see Hende.
I-heorted, adj. in phr.; heie iheorted, proud-hearted, S.
I-heren, v. to hear, S; ihure, S, S2; hi-heren, S; yhyren, S2; ihærde, pt. s., S; ihorde, S.—AS. ge-héran.
I-hold, sb. fortress, hold, S.—AS. ge-heald. See Hold.
I-holde; see I-healden.
I-hudeket, pp. hooded, S. See Hood.
I-hure; see I-heren.
I-hwulen, v. to be at leisure, S. See While.
I-latet, adj. visaged, S. See Late.
-ild, suffix. As in beggild, MD; cheapild, S; fostrild, MD.
Ile, sb. isle, S, S2, C3; yle, C2, PP, S3.—OF. ile, isle; Lat. insula.
I-leaded, pp. fitted with lead, S.
I-leaue, sb. leave, S2.—AS. ge-léaf.
I-ledene, sb. pl. of one’s people, compatriots, S.—AS. ge-léod. See Leode.
I-leoten, v. to fall to one’s lot, SD; iloten, pp., befallen, S.—AS. ge-hléotan, to share, get; pp. ge-hloten. See Lot.
Iles-piles, sb. pl. hedgehogs, S; ilspiles, S (n). Properly ‘the quills of the hedgehog’; 121 AS. íl, igel, hedgehog (OET) + píl, a dart (Grein); Lat. pilum.
I-lete, sb. face, demeanour, S. Cp. ODu. ge-lát. See Leten.
I-lethered, adj. made of leather, S.
I-leue, sb. belief; i-læfe, SD; i-leave, SD; i-leuen, pl., S.—AS. ge-léafa; cp. OHG. giloubo (Otfrid).
I-leuen, v. to believe, S, S2; ilef, imp. s., S.—AS. ge-léfan, ge-líefan: Goth. ga-laubjan; cp. OHG. gi-louben (Otfrid). Cf. Yleuen.
Ilich, adj. like, S; iliche, S; ylyche, S2; ylike, S3; ilik, S; ilikest, superl., S.—AS. ge-líc.
Iliche, adv. alike, S; ilyche, S; yliche, C2; ylyke, C2; eliche, S3; elyk, S3; ȝelice, S.—AS. ge-líce. Cf. Aliche.
Iliche, sb. an equal, likeness, S; ilike, S.
Ilke, adj. the same, S, G, C3, S2, S3, C2, H; ilk, H; ilce, S; ulke, S; yche, S2.—AS. ilca (ylca) = í-lic; with i- cp. Goth. ei, Lat. i- in i-dem, see Grimm, German Grammar, 3. 50, Fick, 3. 728.
Ille, adj., sb. bad, ill, S; ylle, S2; þe ille, the evil one, i.e. the devil, S. Comb.: il torned, perverse, S2.—Icel. íllr (illr).
Ille, adv. badly, S, HD.
Ille, v. to make wicked; illid, pt. pl., H.—Icel. ílla, to harm.
Illuster, adj. illustrious, JD; illustare, S3.—OF. illustre; Lat. illustrem.
I-lokien, v. to observe, S; iloken, S.—AS. ge-lócian.
I-lome, adv. frequently, S, S2; ylome, S2.—AS. ge-lóme. Cf. Lome.
I-lomp, pt. s. happened, S; see Ȝelimpen.
I-long, adv. S, NED (p. 250); longe, S2. Phr.: al ilong of, entirely belonging to, dependent on, owing to, S; long on, C3, S2; all long of, long of, Sh.—AS. gelang, belonging, depending, gelang on, gelang æt, because of, owing to. Cf. A-long. (A- 6.)
I-loten, pp. befallen, S.—AS. ge-hloten, pp. of ge-hléotan, to share. See I-leoten.
I-melen, v. to speak, S.—AS. ge-mǽlan.
I-membred, pp. parti-coloured, S.—Cp. OF. membre (Cotg.), and see Ducange (s.v. membrare). See Membre.
I-mene, adj. common, S.—AS. ge-mǽne.
I-mid, in the midst, S2; i-middes, S.
I-mong, prep. among, S, SD; imange, S2.—AS. ge-mang; see NED (s.v. among).
Impayable, adj. implacable, H. (In- 3.)
Impne, sb. hymn, Prompt.; imne, Prompt.; ympne, W, CM; ympnes, pl., W2; ympnys, HD.—OF. ymne (Ps. 64. 1); Lat. hymnus (Vulg.); Gr. ὕμνος.
Importable, adj. intolerable, C2.—Lat. importabilis. (In- 3.)
In-, prefix (1), representing the Eng. prep. in. See In.
In-, prefix (2), standing for the Latin prefix in-, which is the prep. in in composition.
In-, prefix (3), the negative Latin prefix in-, equivalent to Eng. un-. See Un-.
In, sb. dwelling, lodging, abode, S, S3, C2, C3; hin, S; ynne, S3; inne, dat., S.—AS. inn.
In, prep. in, into, on, S, S2, PP; hin, S; I, S, SD. Comb.: in-fere, together, MD (p. 104), C3, S2, S3; yfere, S2, S3, C2; in feere, G; iuere, S; iferen, S; i-whils, while, H; ywhils, H; ewhils, H; in-like, in like manner, H; in-lich, inly, SD; i-mid, in the midst, S2; imiddes, S; ymydis, H; in-mongez, among, S2; itwix, betwixt, meanwhile, H; in-with, within, S, C2, B.
Inche, sb. inch, Prompt., Cath.; enches, pl., S3.—AS. ynce (SkD); Lat. uncia, ounce, inch. Cf. Ounce.
Incontinent, adj. incontinent; adv. immediately, S3, Sh. (In- 3.)
Influence, sb. influence of the planets, SkD.—OF. influence (Cotg.); Late Lat. influentia. (In- 2.)
Influent, adj. possessing influence (astrology), S3.—Lat. influentem, pr. p. of influere, to flow into. (In- 2.)
Inforce, v. reflex. to strive, S3. (In- 2.)
Infortunat, adj. unlucky, S2, C3. (In- 3.)
Infortune, sb. misfortune, C2. (In- 3.)
Ingot, sb. mould for pouring metals into, C3, SkD. (In- 1.)
In-hinen, sb. pl. indoor-members of a household, S. See Hine.
In-like, in like manner, H.
Inne, prep., adv. into, in, S, S2, PP, C2; ine, S, S2; ynne, S2; inre, adj. comp., inner, S; inerere, pl., H; innresst, superl., S; innemest, SkD; ynneste, W2.—AS. inne, comp. innera, superl. innemest, see Sievers, 314.
Innen, prep. within, into, SD, S.—AS. innan.
122Innen, v. to lodge, C; ynnen, C.—AS. innian.
Innoð, sb. womb, S.—AS. innoð.
Inobedience, sb. disobedience, S, W.—Late Lat. inobedientia (Vulg.). (In- 3.)
Inobedient, adj. disobedient, S2.—Late Lat. inobedientem (Vulg.). (In- 3.)
Inoh, enough, S; innoh, S; inow, S; inouh, S; inou, S2; inoȝe, S; inoȝh, S; inough, C; innoghe, S2; inouwe, pl., S2; see Ynow.
Inpassyble, adj. incapable of suffering, H. (In- 3.)
Inpossible, adj. impossible, S2, PP.—Late Lat. impossibilis (in-). (In- 3.)
In-ras, sb. inroad, H. (In- 1.)
Inunctment, sb. ointment, S3.—From Lat. inunctus, pp. of in-ungere, to anoint. (In- 2.)
In-with, within, S, C2, B.
In-wyt, sb. conscience, consciousness, S2; inwit, PP; ynwitt, PP.—AS. inwit, craft. (In- 1.)
I-orne, pp. run, S; see Rennen.
Ipotaynes, sb. pl. hippopotamuses, S2.
I-queme, v. to please, S; see I-cwemen.
Irchon, sb. hedghog, S2; urchon, Prompt.; urchone, Palsg.; urchin, Sh.; vrchuns, pl., H; irchouns, W2.—OF. ireçon, ereçon; Late Lat. *ericionem, from Lat. ericius, from hēr; cp. Gr. χήρ, hedghog, see SkD (s.v. formidable).
Iren, sb. iron, S, Cath.; yren, C3, PP; irun, W2; yrun, W, W2; yre, S2; yrens, pl., P; yrnes, P.—OMerc. íren (OET): WS. ísern: OHG. ísarn; cp. OIr. iarn: Gaulish ísarnos.
Iren, adj. iron, ferreus, SD, Cath.; irnene, pl., S.—OMerc. íren: WS. ísern, see OET.
I-reste, sb. rest, S.—AS. ge-rest.
Irisse, adj. Irish, S; Yrisse, S; Irish, S; Ersche, S3.—AS. írisc.
Is, pr. s. is, S; his, S, S2; es, S, S2, H; esse, S2.—AS. is.
Ische, v. to issue, cause to issue, JD; isch, B; ischit, pt. s., S3, B.—OF. issir; Lat. ex-ire.
I-secgan, v. to confess; isecgð, pr. s., S.—AS. ge-secgan.
I-sechen, v. to seek; isoȝte, pt. pl., S.—AS. ge-sécan.
I-selðe, sb. happiness, S.—AS. ge-sǽlð. See Selðe.
I-sene, adj. evident, seen, S; y-sene, S3, C.—AS. gesýne. Cf. Sene.
I-seon, v. to see, S; i-seo, S2; i-sien, S; y-se, S2; i-si, S; y-zi, S2; i-se, S2; y-zy, S2; i-seonne, ger., S; i-seo, 1 pr. s., S; i-seoð, pr. s., S; i-seȝð, S; i-sihð, S; i-sið, S; i-sist, 2 pr. s., S; i-sæh, pt. s., S; i-seh, S; i-seih, S; i-seyh, S; i-sey, S2; i-seȝ, S; i-sei, S2; y-sey, S2; i-zeȝ, 1 pt. s., S2; i-seȝe þe, 2 pt. s., S2; i-seien, pl., S; i-seyen, S; i-seȝe, S, S2; i-saye, S2; y-zeȝen, S2; i-sehen, pp., S; i-seien, S; y-seye, S2; y-soȝe, S2; y-zoȝe, S2.—AS. ge-séon.
I-set, pp. said, S (3a. 93); see Seggen.
I-sihðe, sb. sight, S; ȝesecðe, S.—AS. ge-sihð.
Isle, sb. glowing ashes, favilla, HD; isyl, Prompt.; iselle, Cath.; easle, HD; ysels, pl., HD; useles, Trevisa, 4. 431; usellez, S2; iselen, dat., SD, Cath. (n).—Icel. usli; cp. MHG. üsele (G. üssel). The same stem us- is found in Lat. us-ere (urere), to burn.
I-some, adj. agreed, peaceable, S.—AS. ge-sóm.
I-soȝte, pt. s., sought; see I-sechen.
Isturbed, pp. disturbed, S.—OF. estorber; Lat. ex- + turbare.
I-swink, sb. toil, S.—AS. ge-swinc.
I-þank, sb. thought, intention, S.
I-þenchen, v. to think, S; i-þohten, pt. pl., S.—AS. ge-þencan.
I-þeȝ, pt. s. thrived, S2; see Theen.
I-þolien, v. to endure, S.—AS. ge-þolian.
I-þoncked, adj. minded, S.
I-tiden, v. to betide, S; itit, pr. s., S; ityt, S.—AS. ge-tídan.
I-timien, v. to happen, S.—AS. ge-tímian; cp. Icel. tíma.
I-twix, meanwhile, H.
I-uaid, pp. hated, S; see I-fæied.
I-ueied, pp. joined, S; see Feȝen.
I-ueiþed, pp. treated with enmity, S. See Fede.
Iuel, adj. evil, S, W2, S2. See Uuel.
I-uelen, v. to feel, S.—AS. ge-félan.
Iuen, sb. ivy, Cath.; yven, Cath. (n); ivin, HD, EDS (C. vi).—AS. ífegn (Voc.).
I-uere, sb. companion, S; see I-fere.
Iui, sb. ivy, S; ive, S3.—AS. ífig.
I-uo, v. to take, S; see I-fon.
I-ureden, v. to hurt, injure, S.—ME. 123 i-ureden = i-wreden = i-werden; AS. ge-werdan, ge-wyrdan (BT). See Werd.
I-war, adj. aware, wary, S, PP; ywar, PP.—AS. ge-wær. See War.
I-whilc, adj. every, S.—AS. ge-hwilc.
I-whils, adv. while, H.
I-wil, sb. will, S.—AS. ge-will.
I-wis, adv. truly, certainly, S, PP, S2; iwiss, S; iwys, G; ywis, S, S2, C2; ywys, S2, PP; ywisse, PP; iwisse, S3. Comb.: wel ywisse, S; mid iwisse, S.—AS. ge-wiss, certain, formed from wisse, pt. of witan, see Sievers, 232 d.
I-witen, v. to know, S, S2; i-wyten, S; y-witen, S2; i-wiste, pt. s., S.—AS. ge-witan.
I-witen, v. to protect, S. See Witen.
I-woned, pp. accustomed, S, S2; y-woned, S2; i-wuned, S; woned, S, S3; wont, S3; wunt, S2; woonted, S3.—AS. ge-wunod, pp. of ge-wunian, to dwell, to be accustomed. See Wonen.
I-wune, sb. custom, S.—AS. ge-wuna. Cf. Wone.
I-wurðen, v. to become, to happen, S; i-worðe, S; y-worðe, P, S2; i-worðe, pp., S.—AS. ge-weorðan.
Iacynte, sb. jacinth, SkD; iacynct, SkD; jacint, Cotg.; iacinctus, W (Rev. 21. 20); jagounce, HD; iacynctis, pl., W2 (= Heb. tarshish).—OF. jacinthe (Cotg.); Lat. hyacinthus (Vulg.); Gr. ὑάκινθος (NT); cp. OF. jagonce.
Iagge, v. to jag, notch, Prompt., Palsg.; jag, HD; jaggede, pt. s., HD; jaggde, pp. pl., S3; jaggede, HD.
Iagge, sb. a jag of cloth, Prompt.
Ialous, adj. jealous, C2, C3.—OF. jalous; Late Lat. zelōsum, from Lat. zelus; Gr. ζῆλος, zeal.
Ialousye, sb. jealousy, PP, C2, C3; ielesye, PP.—OF. jalousie.
Iambeux, sb. pl. armour for the legs, C2, HD; giambeux, ND.—Cp. OF. jambiere, armour for a leg (Cotg.), from jambe, leg: It. gamba (Florio).
Iane, sb. a small coin of Genoa, ND, C2, HD.—See Ducange (s.v. januini).
Iangle, v. to jangle, chatter, murmur, argue, quarrel, S2, PP, Sh., S3, C2, C3; gangle, SkD; iangland, pr. p., S2, H.—OF. jangler, to jest, mock (Bartsch).
Ianglere, sb. brawler, wrangler, W2; prater, chatterer, H; iangeler, story-teller, S2, PP; iangelere, Prompt.
Iape, sb. joke, jest, mockery, PP, S3, C2, C3, Prompt.; iapes, pl., S2.
Iapen, v. to jest, mock, play tricks, act the buffoon, PP, C2, C3; iapede, pt. s., S2.—OF. japper, to yapp (of dogs), Cotg.
Iaper, sb. jester, buffoon, PP, Prompt.; iapers, pl., S2.
Iargoun, sb. jargon, S2; jergon, SkD.—OF. jargon.
Iaunys, sb. the yellow disease, jaundice, S2, SkD, HD; iawnes, Cath., HD, Voc.; jaundys, Cath. (n); jandis, Voc.—OF. jaunisse, from jaune, gaune, yellow; Lat. galbinum, from galbus.
Ieaunt, sb. giant, PP, S2; see Geaunt.
Ielesye, sb. jealousy, PP; see Ialosye.
Ielofer, sb. gillyflower, S3; see Gerraflour.
Iemis, sb. pl. gems, S3; see Gemme.
Iennet, sb. a small Spanish horse, S3; see Genette.
Ient-man, sb. gentleman, S3. See Gent.
Ieoperdie, sb. jeopardy, S3; see Iupartie.
Ierkin, sb. jerkin, jacket, S3.—Cp. Du. jurk, a frock.
Iesseraunt, sb. a coat or cuirass of fine mail, HD; gesserant, S3; gesseron, S3.—OF. jazerant (Ducange), jazeran, iaseran (Cotg.), jazerenc (Roland); cp. It. ghiazzerino (Florio).
Iette, sb. jet, SkD; jet, SkD; geet, C; geete, Prompt.; gett, Prompt.—OF. jet, jaet; Lat. gagatem. See Gagates.
Iette, sb. fashion, custom, PP, Palsg.; gette, Palsg.; iutte, rude slight, S3; jet, 124 a device, HD; get, Prompt., SkD (jet), C, C3.
Ietten, v. to throw out, to fling about the body, to strut about, SkD, Prompt., Palsg.; getten, Prompt.; ietting, pr. p., S3.—OF. jetter (getter), jecter (gecter); Lat. iactare, freq. of iacĕre, to throw.
Iewe, sb. Jew, PP; Iewes, pl., PP; Geus, S; Gius, S; Gyus, S.—AF. Geu, OF. Jueu, Judeu; Lat. Iudæum.
Iogelen, v. to juggle, play false, PP, Prompt.; iuglen, S3, SkD.
Iogelour, sb. buffoon, juggler, CM, C2, PP; ioguloure, Prompt., iogulor, deceiver, H; iuguler, Cath.; iuglur, S.—AF. jugleör; Lat. ioculatorem.
Ioie, sb. joy, S, C2; joye, S, S2, C2, PP.—AF. joie, OF. goie; Lat. gaudia, pl. of gaudium, rejoicing.
Ioien, v. to rejoice, W2, PP.
Ioist, v. to put out cattle to graze at a fixed rate, to agist cattle, HD, EDS (C. vi); jyst, EDS (C. xxvi); ioyst, pp., lodged (of cattle), S2.—OF. gister, to lodge, from giste, a place to lie in, a pp. form of gesir; Lat. iacēre, to lie; see NED (s.v. agist).
Iolif, adj. gay, merry, C, H, PP; iolef, S2; ioli, W2, PP; joly, C2.—AF. jolyf, jolif.
Iolifte, sb. amusement, enjoyment, joviality, H; iolitee, C2, C3.—OF. jolivete.
Iolily, adv. merrily, G.
Iolynesse, sb. festivity, C, C2.
Iorne, sb. journey, S2; jornay, S2; see Iourne.
Iouisaunce, sb. enjoyment, S3.—OF. jouissance (Cotg.), from OF. joïr: Prov. gaudir; Lat. gaudere.
Iourne, sb. a day’s work or travel, PP; iornay, S2; jurneie, SkD; iourney, S3, C2; iornes, pl., S2; iournes, H (Ps. 22. 9).—OF. jornee, journée, a day, a day’s journey, a fixed day (cp. AF. jorneie, day on which a court is held); Low Lat. jornata, *diurnata, from Lat. diurnus.
Iousten, v. to approach, encounter, to joust, tilt, PP, CM; iusten, C3.—OF. jouster (joster), juster; Late Lat. juxtare, to approach, from Lat. iuxta.
Iouster, sb. champion, PP.
Ioustes, sb. pl. tournaments, CM.—AF. joustes.
Ioutes, sb. pl. a food made from herbs, broth, P, HD, Prompt. (n); iowtes, lap-pates, Cath., Prompt. (n); iowtys, potage, Prompt.; jutes, Voc.; eowtus, Prompt. (n).—OF. ioute, ‘olera’ (Ps. 36. 2); Low Lat. jūta, ‘awilled meolc’ (Voc.); jutta (Ducange); prob. of Celtic origin, cp. Breton iot, porridge, Wel. uwd, OIr. íth, see Rhys, Lectures on Welsh Philology, p. 7.
For other cognates of this wide-spread word, see Kluge (s.v. jauche). See also s.v. käse, where Kluge remarks that Icel. ostr, cheese, and Finnish juusto, cheese, are etymologically connected with G. jauche, and Latin jus.
Ioynen, v. to join, PP, C3; joyneaunt, pr. p., joining, S3.—OF. joindre (pr. p. joignant); Lat. iungere.
Ioynturis, sb. pl. joinings, W; ioyntours, W.—OF. jointure; Lat. iunctura (Vulg.).
Iuge, sb. judge, S2, Voc., C2, C3; jugge, C; jugges, pl., P; juges, S3.—AF. juge; Lat. iudicem.
Iugement, sb. judgment, S2, C2, C3; juggement, C.—AF. jugement.
Iugen, v. to judge, decide, PP; iugge, PP, CM.—OF. juger; Lat. iudicare.
Iugge-man, sb. judge, G.
Iuglen, v. to juggle, S3; see Iogelen.
Iuguler, sb. buffoon, Cath.; see Iogelour.
Iugulynge, sb. juggling, S3.
Iumpred, sb. mourning, S2.—AS. géomer + rǽden. See Ȝemer.
Iunglenges, sb. pl., disciples, S; see Ȝonglyng.
Iupartie, sb. jeopardy, CM, C3; Ieoperdie, S3; jeobertie, HD.—OF. jeu parti, a divided game, a poetical discussion (Bartsch); Late Lat. jocus partitus (Ducange).
Ius, sb. juice, S2, HD.—OF. jus; Lat. ius, broth.
Iusten, v. to joust, C3; see Iousten.
Iustlen, v. to jostle, push, S3.
Iutte, sb. a piece of scornful behaviour, S3; see Iette.
Iuuente, sb. youth, S2, PP.—OF. jovente (Bartsch); Lat. iuventa.
Iuwise, sb. judgment, PP; iuwyse, CM, C; iewise, HD; iewis, PP; iuyse, C3; iuise, HD.—AF. juise; Lat. iudicium.
125K-; see also under C-.
Kacherel, sb. bailiff, S2; see Cacherel.
Kærf, pt. s. cut, carved, S; see Keruen.
Kairen, v. to go, P; see Kayren.
Kaiser, sb. Cæsar, emperor; cayser, MD; caysere, MD; caisere, MD; kaysere, S; kayser, S2; keiser, S; keysar, S3.—Cp. Goth. kaisar; Lat. Caesar.
Kale, sb. cabbage, cale, H; see Cole.
Karf, pt. s. cut, S; see Keruen.
Kateyl, sb. property, S2; see Catel.
Kayren, v. to go, move oneself, S2, MD; kairen, P; cair, to drive backward and forwards, JD.—Icel. keyra, to impel, drive.
Kechyn, sb. kitchen, S2; see Kuchene.
Kedde, pt. made known, S; see Kythen.
Kele, v. to cool, W, S2, H, PP.—AS. célan.
Keling, sb. a large kind of cod, MD, HD, S2 (s.v. lobbe); kelynge, MD; keeling, JD.—Cp. Icel. keila, ‘gadus.’
Kemben, v. to comb, S, C2, PP; kemyn, Prompt.; kempt, pp., MD.—AS. cemban. See Combe.
Kemelyn, sb. tub, CM.
Kempe, sb. warrior, S, MD, Cath.—AS. cempa, Icel. kempa: OHG. chemphio, also kempho (Tatian); Late Lat. campio, from Lat. campus. See Camp.
Kempe, adj. shaggy, rough, C, CM; campe, C (p. 155), EETS (1).
Kempster, sb. f. flax-comber, Palsg.; kemster, Voc. See Kemben.
Ken, sb. pl. cows, S2; see Cow.
Kende, adj. natural, kind, S2; see Kynde.
Kende, sb. race, kind, S2; see Kynde.
Kendeliche, adv. naturally, S2; see Kyndely.
Kene, adj. bold, keen, sharp, Prompt., S, C2; keyn, MD; kenre, comp., MD; kennest, superl., MD.—AS. céne; OTeut. *kōnī; cp. OHG. kuani (Otfrid), chuoni.
Kenne, sb. dat. kin, S, S2; see Kyn.
Kennen, v. to beget, engender, to bring forth, to be born, MD, PP; y-kend, pp., S2; kenned, MD.—AS. cennan, to beget, conceive, bring forth; OS. kennian, to beget, causal from OTeut. root KAN, to generate, see Kluge (s.v. kina).
Kennen, v. to show, declare, teach, S2, PP, SkD (s.v. ken), Prompt., H; kende, pt. s., S2.—AS. cennan, to make to know: Goth. kannjan = *kannian, causal of OTeut. KANN, base of *KONNAN, to know.
Kennen, v. to know, SkD. (s.v. ken); ken, S3, JD; kend, pt. pl., S3; kend, pp., S3.—Icel. kenna, to know. See above.
Keoruen, v. to carve, S; see Keruen.
Kepe, sb. heed, S2, S3, C2; kep, S3.
Kepen, v. to keep, mark, observe, regard, S, S2, S3, C2; keped, pt. s., S2; kipte, S2.—AS. cépan, later form of cýpan (= céapian), see Sievers, 97.
AS. cépan, to keep, should be kept quite distinct from AS. cýpan, to sell. AS. cýpan is the phonetic representative of OTeut. kaupjan, whereas cépan, to keep, represents an OTeut. *kōpjan. Cp. E. keen, the representative of AS. céne, OTeut. *kōni (G. kühn). See Kluge’s note in P. & B. Beiträge, viii. 538.
Keppen, sb. pl. caps, S; see Cappe.
Kernel, sb. a loophole in a fortress, a battlement, PP; crenelle, HD; kyrnellis, pl., S3; kirnelis, PP.—OF. crenel, from cren (cran), a notch; Lat. crena.
Kerneled, adj. furnished with battlements, P.
Keruen, v. to carve, MD, Prompt., S, C2; keoruen, MD, S; cærf, pt. s., MD; kærf, S; kerf, MD; karf, MD, S; carf, C2; curuen, pl., MD; coruen, pp., MD, S3, C; icoruen, S3; y-coruen, S3, C3; y-koruen, C2; i-koruen, S; kerued, S3.—AS. ceorfan, pt. cearf (pl. curfon), pp. corfen.
Kesse, v. to kiss, S, C2; see Cussen.
Keste, v. to cast, S2; see Casten.
Kete, adj. bold, lively, gay, powerful, MD, S2, PP; ket, irascible, JD.—Cp. Icel. kátr, merry, Dan. kaad.
Kete-lokes, sb. pl. trefoil, H; see Cat-cluke.
Keuel, sb. a bit for a horse, a gag, a small piece of wood used in casting lots, MD, H, S; kevyl, Prompt.; cavel, JD; kevelles, pl., MD; caflis, MD, JD.—Icel. kefli.
Keueren, v. to recover one’s health, MD, PP; keuord, pt. s., H; see Coveren.
Keueringe, sb. recovery, S2.
Keye, sb. key; kay, MD; cays, pl., MD; keis, S; keiȝes, S2.—AS. cæg.
Kidde, pt. s. made known, S, P; pp., S; kid, S; see Kythen.
Kidnere, sb. kidney, SkD; kydney, Voc.—Icel. kviðr, belly + nýra, kidney. See Nere.
126Kien, sb. pl. cows, W2; see Cow.
Kiken, v. to kick, MD, W; kycke, Palsg.—Cp. kiken, kiksen in G. dialects.
Kime, sb. coming, S.—AS. cyme. See Come.
Kindle, sb. offspring, brood, MD; kundel, MD; kyndlis, pl., MD.
Kindlen, v. to bear young, S; kyndlyn, Prompt.; kendlen, MD; kundlen, MD; i-kindled, pp., S. See Kynde.
Kindlen, v. to set fire to, MD; kyndlen, C; kinlen, MD.
Kine- (used in compounds), royal; see below.—AS. cyne.
Kine-boren, adj. of royal birth, MD; kineborne, S.—AS. cyne-boren.
Kine-dom, sb. kingdom, MD, S, S2.—AS. cyne-dóm.
Kine-helm, sb. royal helmet, crown, MD.—AS. cyne-helm.
Kine-lond, sb. kingdom, S, MD.
Kine-merk, sb. royal mark; kynemerk, S.
Kine-riche, sb. kingdom, rule, MD; cynerice, S.—AS. cyne-ríce.
Kine-scrud, sb. royal robes, S.
Kine-stol, sb. throne, S.—AS. cynestól.
Kine-þeod, sb. subjects of a king, MD.
Kine-wurðe, adj. royal, S, MD.
Kine-ȝerde, sb. sceptre, MD.—AS. cyne-gerd (Voc.).
King, sb. king, MD, S; kyng, S; kyngene, pl. gen., S2, PP.—AS. cyning: OS. kuning.
Kingdom, sb. kingdom, MD.
Kinghed, sb. Kingship, PP.
King-riche, sb. kingdom, S, MD; kingrike, S2; kyngrike, H; kyngriche, P.
Kipte, pt. s. received, S2; see Kepen.
Kirke, sb. church, S, S2, P; see Chirche.
Kirnel, sb. loop-hole, PP; see Kernel.
Kirtel, sb. kirtle, a short gown or petticoat, tunic, S3, P, CM; kurtel, S; cortel, MD; kirrtell, MD; kirtil, H; kyrtyl, S2; kertel, MD; kirtel, S3, P; curtel, MD.
Kist, sb. chest, coffin, MD; cyst, Voc.; kyst, S2; kiste, S2; kyste, S2, PP; cyste, munificentia, Voc.; chist, MD.—AS. cist; Lat. cista; Gr. κίστη.—Cf. Chest.
Kith, sb. one’s country, PP; see Kyth.
Kithen, v. to make known, S, S2; see Kythen.
Kithing, sb. telling, S2.
Kitlen, v. to tickle; kittle, HD, JD; kytlys, pr. s., S3. See below.
Kitlynge, sb. tickling, H; kitellynge, MD, HD.—AS. kitelung, ‘titillatio’ (Voc.).
Kitoun, sb. kitten, P; kyton, PP.
Kitte, pt. s. cut, S2, C2, C3; kittide, W; see Kutten.
Kitte-pors, sb. thief, PP; see Cut-purs.
Kittingis, sb. pl. cuttings, W.
Kleþing, sb. clothing, S2. See Cloth.
Knack, sb. a snap, crack, a jester’s trick, a trifle, toy, SkD, MD; knakkes, pl., CM; knackes, S3.
Knaing, sb. knowing, acquaintance, S2; see Knowen.
Knap, v. to snap, break with a noise, SkD; imp. s., strike (the bell), S3.—Cp. G. knappen, to crack.
Knappes, sb. pl. knobs, S2, P; see Knoppe.
Knarre, sb. a knot in wood, SkD (s.v. gnarled), C, CM.—Cp. MDu. cnorre, Du. knor, a knurl.
Knarry, adj. full of knots, C.
Knaue, sb. a boy-baby, boy, servant, knave, S, S2, C2; cnafe, MD; cnaue, MD.—AS. cnafa; cp. OHG. chnabe (G. knabe).
Knaue-child, sb. a male child, W.
Knawe, v. to know, S2; see Knowen.
Knawen, pp. gnawed, S3; see Gnawen.
Kne, sb. knee, S, S2; cneowe, dat., S; cnouwe, S; knes, pl., S; kneon, S; knowes, C2, P.—AS. cnéow (cnéo).
Kneden, v. to knead, Voc., Palsg.; cneden, S, MD; knodyn, pp., MD; knodon, Prompt.; kned, CM; knodden, HD.—AS. cnedan, pp. cnoden (cneden), see SkD.
Knelen, v. to kneel, S; knely, S2; kneolen, PP; knewlen, pr. pl., PP.—Cp. Low G. knélen.
Knelyng, sb. kneeling, PP; cnelinng, S; knewelyng, S.
Kneon, sb. pl. knees, S; see Kne.
Knippen, v. to nip, break off the edge; nippen, SkD; nyppen, PP; knyp, pp., S3.—Cp. Du. knippen, to crack, snap.
Kniȝt, sb. knight, soldier, armed retainer, S, S2; knict, S; knyht, S; knyght, C3; cnihtes, pl., S; knictes, S; knyhtes, S; knyȝtis, W, W2; kniȝtes, S; cnihten, 127 S.—AS. cniht; cp. OHG. kneht, ‘puer’ (Tatian), ‘miles, discipulus’ (Otfrid).
Kniȝten, v. to knight, S.
Kniȝthod, sb. knighthood, S; knyghthode, dat., C2; knighthede, C; knyȝthod, army, warfare, W, W2.
Knoppe, sb. knob, buckle, bud, MD, Prompt., Cath., Palsg., S3; knobbe, C; knappes, pl., S2, P; knoppes, CM, PP.—Cp. Dan. knop.
Knopped, adj. full of knobs, S3.
Knotte, sb. knot, C2, PP, Prompt., S3.—AS. cnotta.
Knowen, v. to know, MD; knawe, S2; cnawen, S; knaa, HD; cnoweð, pr. s., S; kneuȝ, pt. s., S2; knewen, pl., S; i-cnawen, pp., S; ȝe-cnowe, S; y-cnowen, S3; y-knowe, S2; knowun, W; cnowen, S2; knawen, S2; knawin, S3.—AS. cnáwan, pt. cnéow, pp. cnáwen.
Knowes, sb. pl. knees, C2, P; see Kne.
Knowleche, sb. knowledge, MD; knouleche, acquaintance (= Lat. notos), W; knawlache, MD; knawlage, MD; knowlych, S2. See -leȝȝc.
Knowlechen, v. to acknowledge, S2, W2, P; cnawlechen, MD; knouleche, W; knoulechide, pt. s., W; knowlechiden, pl., W.
Knowleching, sb. the acknowledging, C3; cnawlechunge, S; knaulechynge, S2; knowleching, C3; knoulechyng, W2.
Knucche, sb. small bundle, MD, Cath. (n); knyche, Cath.; knitch, JD; knytchis, pl., W.—Cp. G. knocke (Kluge).
Knytten, v. to knit, bind, Prompt., S2, C3, PP; knutte, pt. s., MD; knette, MD; knitte, C3; knyt, pp., MD; knit, C2.—AS. cnyttan. See Knotte.
Ko, pt. s. quoth, S3; see Koth.
Kokewolde, sb. cuckold, P; see Cokewold.
Kole-plantes, sb. pl. cabbages, P; see Cole.
Kollen, v. to embrace, S2; see Collen.
Kon, pt. pr. can, S; see Kunnen.
Konning, sb. skill, C2; see Conning.
Konyng, sb. cony, rabbit, S; see Conyng.
Koth, pt. s. quoth, S3; cothe, MD; see Queðen.
Koude, pt. s. knew, W2; see Kunnen.
Kouren, v. to cower, S2; couren, MD.—Icel. kúra, to sit quiet; cp. G. kauern, see Weigand.
Kourte-by, sb. short coat, P; see Courte-py.
Kouthe, pt. s. could, S; pp. S2; see Kunnen.
Kraghan, sb. burnt grass = cremium, dry fire-wood, H; crakan, Cath.—Cp. North.E. crack, to make a noise (JD).
Krake, sb. crow, H; crake, Cath.; krakis, pl., H.—Icel. krákr.
Kremelen, v. to anoint with oil or fat; kremelyd, pp., MD; see Cremelen.
Krike, sb. creek, S; see Crike.
Krune, sb. crown, S; see Corone.
Kuchene, sb. kitchen, S; kychene, MD; kechyn, S2; kychens, pl., S3.—AS. cycene.
Kud, pp. made known, S2; i-kud, S; see Kunnen.
Kudde, pt. s. made known, S2; kude, pl., S; see Kunnen.
Kude, pt. pl. could, S; see Kunnen.
Kueade, adj. dat. bad, S2; see Quad.
Kulle, v. to strike, to kill, P, MD; kylle, Cath.; kyllyn, Prompt.; colen, MD; culle, P.—The word means properly to knock on the head; cp. Norweg. kylla, to poll, to cut the shoots off trees, from koll, the top, head; Icel. kollr, head, crown.
Kumen, v. to come, S; see Comen.
Kun, v. to get to know, to learn, H; see Conne.
Kun, sb. kin, S2; kunnes, gen., S2; kunne, dat., S, S2; see Kyn.
Kunde, adj. natural, kind, S2; see Kynde.
Kunde, sb. kind, race, nature, S2; see Kynde.
Kundel, sb. offspring, MD.
Kundite, sb. a conduit, S3; see Conduit.
Kunes-men, sb. pl. kinsmen, S, S2; see Kynes-man.
Kunnen, v. to know, to know how, to be able, S, S3, W2, CM; cunnen, S, S2; conne, S, S3, P; cun, H; con, pt. pr., S; kon, S; can, S, S2; kan, S, S2; con, can, used as auxil., S2; canstu, 2 pr. s., with pron., S; canstow, S2; cuðe, pt. s., S; kuðe, S; couthe, S, S2, S3; cowthe, G; couȝðe, S2; cuth, S2; coude, S2; cowde, G; koude, W2; couȝde, S2; kouthen, pl., S; kude, S; cuð, pp., S (17 b. 161); kuð, S; couth, C2; couðe, S2; kouthe, S2.—AS. cunnan, pt. cúðe, pp. cúð (used as adj.).
128Kun-rede, sb. kindred, S; see Kynrede.
Kussen, v. to kiss, S; see Cussen.
Kut, sb. lot, a cut twig, H; see Cut.
Kuth, sb. kith, friends, PP.
Kuðe, pt. s., could, knew, S; see Kunnen.
Kutthe, country, PP; see Kyth.
Kuþþes, sb. pl. manners, S2, HD, MD; see Kyth.
Kutten, v. to cut, MD, CM; kitt, MD; kut, pt. s., MD; kitte, S2, C2, C3; kittide, W, MD; ketten, pl., P; kyt, pp., W; kit, W.
Kuueren, v. to recover one’s health, S2; see Coveren.
Kuynde, adj. natural, S2, PP; see Kynde.
Kwene, sb. queen, S; see Quene.
Ky, sb. pl. cows, S3; see Cow.
Kychen, sb. kitchen, S3; see Kuchene.
Kyn, sb. pl. cows, S2, C; see Cow.
Kyn, sb. kin, kind, generation, S, W, MD; kun, S2; kin, S, S2, C2; cun, MD, S; kunnes, gen., S2; cunne, dat., S; kunne, S, S2; kenne, S, S2; kynne, P.—AS. cynn: OS. kunni, OHG. kunni (Otfrid): Goth. kuni: from Teut. base *KONYA, from root KAN.
Kynde, adj. natural, kind, S2, S3, P; kunde, S2, MD; cunde, MD; kinde, S; kende, S2, PP; kuynde, S2, PP.—AS. cynde.
Kynde, sb. kind, nature, race, children, natural disposition, PP, S2, S3, C2, C3, W; kunde, S2; cunde, S; kinde, S. S2; kende, S2; kynd, S3.—AS. (ge)cynd.
Kyndely, adj. natural, kindly, MD; kyndli, W; kyndly, Cath.; kundeliche, MD.—AS. cyndelic.
Kyndely, adv. naturally, kindly, S2; kyndli, W; kindely, S2; kindelike, S; kendeliche, S2; kuyndeliche, S2, PP; cundeliche, S.—AS. cyndelice.
Kyndlyn, v. to bear young, Prompt.; see Kindlen.
Kyndlyngis, sb. pl. brood, litter of beasts, W.
Kynes-man, sb. kinsman, MD; cunesmon, S; kunesmen, pl., S, S2.
Kynrede, sb. kindred, S3, W2, C; kunrede, S; kynredyn, H; kinredis, pl., W; cunreadnes, pl., S.—AS. cynn + rǽden, condition.
Kysse, sb. kiss, Palsg.—From AS. cysan. See Cussen.
Kyth, sb. one’s country, native land, relatives, kith, friends, PP, S2; kith, PP; kuth, PP; cuth, PP; kutthe, PP; kitthe, PP; cuððe, S, PP; couthe, PP; kythez, pl., S2; ceðen, S; cheðen, S; kuþþes, manners, S2.—AS. cýððu (cýð): OHG. cundida, race, kinship; see Sievers, 255.
Kythen, v. to make known, MD, C2, C3, PP, S3; kiðen, S, S2; cuðen, S; couthe, MD, PP; couth, pr. s., P; kydde, pt. s., PP; kidde, PP, S; kudde, S2; cudde, S; kedde, S, MD; kyd, S2; kid, MD; kydst, 2 pt. s., S3; i-kud, pp., S; kud, S2; kyd, S2; kid, S; kidde (as adj.), S.—AS. (ge)cýðan: OS. kúðian; OHG. kundjan, also kunden (Otfrid).
La, interj. lo!, S; lo, W2 (Ps. 67. 34).—AS. lá. Comb.: la hwure, at least, S.
Laas, sb. snare, C, C3; see Las.
Labbe, sb. he that can keep no counsel, Prompt., CM; lab, a blab, tittle-tattle, HD.
Labben, v. to blab, babble, PP; labbing, pr. p., C2.—Cp. Du. labben, to blab.
Labbyng, adj. blabbing, CM.
Lacchen, v. to catch, seize, snatch, PP; lauhte, pt. s. seized, practised, PP; lauȝte, PP, S2; laȝte, S; laucte, S; lacchide, pl., PP; lauht, pp., PP; lagt, S; latchyd, Prompt.—AS. læccan, ge-læccan.
Lacching, sb. taking, S2.
Lacert, sb. a fleshy muscle, C, CM.—OF. lacerte (Cotg.); Lat. lacertum (acc.), a muscle, strength, usually, the muscular part of the arm.
Lad, Ladde; see Leden.
Ladel, sb. ladle, PP, C3; ladylle, coclear, Prompt.; hausorium, Voc.
Laden, v. to burden, to charge with burdens, Prompt., WW; to draw water to lade, Prompt.; laden, pp. oneratus, Prompt., SkD.—AS. hladan (pt. hlód, pp. hladen): Icel. hlaða, Goth. hlathan (in comp.).
129Læfdi, sb. lady, S; see Leuedy.
Læfe, Lafe, sb. belief, S; see Leue.
Læn, sb. a grant, loan, S.—AS. lǽn (OET).
Lage, Lahe, sb. law, S; see Lawe.
Lahfulnesse, sb. lawfulness, S.
Lahhen, v. to laugh, S; lauhen, PP; laughe, PP, C2 lauȝen, PP, S3; lauȝwe, S3; lauȝwhen, PP; lawghe, PP, C; leiȝen, W; lauhwen, S, PP, S2; lahynde, pr. p., S2; laȝinge, S2; louh, pt. s., PP; lough, C2, C3; lowh, PP; lowȝ, PP; loh, S2; lewch, S3; loȝen, pl., S2; lough, S3; louȝe, subj., S.—AS. hlehhan (pt. hlóh): Goth. hlahjan.
Lahter, sb. laughter, S; leiȝtir, W2; leihtre, dat., S.—AS. hleahtor.
Laif, sb. the remainder, B, S3; laiff, B; layff, B, S2, S3; lafe, B; lave, B, JD, HD.—AS. láf, what is left, heritage (Voc.), from -lífan (Grein), only found in compounds, e.g. be-lífan, to remain; cp. OHG. bi-líban, to remain (Tatian) G. bleiben.
Laire, sb. clay, mud, mire, WA, H, HD; layre, H; lare, H; quagmire, HD.—Icel. leir, clay, mire.
Lairy, adj. miry, H; layry, H; layri, H; layery, HD.
Laiten, v. to seek, SD, HD, S2, WA; leȝten, SD.—Icel. leita: Goth. wlaiton, to look about.
Laith, adj. loathsome, H; see Loth.
Laitis, sb. pl. gestures, S3; see Late.
Lake, sb. a kind of fine linen, C2, HD, CM.—Cp. Du. laken, cloth, a sheet, OHG. lahhan, also lachan (Otfrid).
Lake, sb. standing-water, Prompt.; rivulus, Voc.; llak, pl., S2. Comb.: lake-ryftes, chines worn by water, S2.—AF. lake, OF. lac; Lat. lacum.
Lake, sb. dat. a gift, offering, S; see Lok.
Laken, v. to offer to God, S.—AS. (ge)lácian, to give.
Lakke, sb. defect, a failing, C2; lak, Prompt., C; lac, SkD; lake, blame, WA, S3; lakke, C2; lakkes, pl. faults, PP.—Cp. Du. lak, blemish.
Lakken, v. to lack, PP, C; him lakked, pt. s. there lacked to him, C2.
Lakken, v. to blame, G, PP, Prompt.; lak, JD; lakes, pr. s., S2; lackand, pr. p., H; y-lakked, pp., P.—Cp. Du. laken, to blame.
Lammasse, sb. Lammas, the first of August, PP, S2; Lammesse, Prompt.—AS. hlammæsse, hláfmæsse, loaf-mass, named from the Blessing of Bread. The Feast is called in the Sarum Manual Benedictio novorum fructuum.
Lampe, sb. lamp, Cath., PP; laumpe, S2, PP; lawmpe, Voc., Prompt.; lampes, pl., C3.—AF. lampe; Lat. lampadem.
Lampe, sb. a thin plate, C3; lamm, HD, ND.—OF. lame; Lat. lamina.
Laner, sb. a kind of hawk, basterdus, Voc.; lanner, Cotg.; lannard, HD.—OF. lanier (Cotg.); Lat. laniarium, that which tears, from laniare, to tear.
Lanere, sb. a thong, Prompt.; see Laynere.
Lang, adj. long, tall, S; long, S, PP; lengre, comp., S; lenger, S2, C2, PP; lengore, S2; lange, adv. long, S; longe, S, S2; lang, S2; leng, comp., S; lenger, S3; lengere, S, S2; langar, S3; lengest, superl., S, S2.—AS. lang.
Langage, sb. language, C, C2, PP.—AF. langage.
Langes, pr. pl. belong, S2; see Longen.
Lang-fridai, sb. Long-Friday, i.e. Good-Friday, S; lange-fridai, S.—Icel. langi-frjádagr.
Langmode, adj. long-suffering, S2.—AS. lang-mód.
Langour, sb. languishment, slow starvation, C2, PP; langours, pl. sicknesses, W.—AF. langour, illness; Lat. languorem.
Languor, sb. disease, sickness, W; languores, pl., W.—Lat. languor (Vulg.).
Lanȝer, sb. a thong, Cath.; see Laynere.
Lappe, sb. lap, bosom, PP, C2, C3; a lappet, skirt, PP, S; the lobe of the ear, Cath.—AS. lappa (OET).
Lappen, v. to wrap, W, H, Cath., SkD, HD: see Wlappen.
Lare, sb. lore, S, S2, H; see Lore.
Lare-fadir, sb. teacher, doctor, H; larfadir, H; larefather, HD; lorefadyr, HD.
Large, adj. liberal, generous, S, G, PP, C; plentiful, S2; sb. size, S2.—AF. large.
Largeliche, adv. bountifully, PP, S2; largely, G.
Largesse, sb. largess, bounty, PP, S3.—AF. largesce.
Lar-þawes, sb. pl. teachers, S; see Lor-þeaw.
130Las, sb. snare, lace, HD, SkD, C; laz, S; laas, C3, C; lase, Voc.—OF. las, laqs; Lat. laqueus; cp. AF. laz.
Lase, v. to fasten, C; lasynge, pr. p., C; lacede, pt. s., S; i-laced, pp., S.—OF. lacier.
Laser, sb. leisure, S2, S3; see Leyser.
Lasnen, v. to lessen; lasned, pt. s., S2.
Lasse, adj. and adv. comp. less, S, S2, S3, C3, PP; lesse, S. Phr.: lasse and more, smaller and greater, i.e. all, C2; on les that, on a less supposition than that, unless, SkD; onlesse that, Palsg.; onlesse, SkD; þi les þe, lest, SD; leste, S, PP; les when, lest at some time, H.—AS. læssa, adj.; and læs, adv.; þý læs þe, lest.
Last, sb. weight, burden, ship’s cargo, C2.—AS. hlæst; see Sievers, 232. See Laden.
Last, sb. fault, SD; lest, SD; laste, dat., S.—Icel. löstr (stem lasta); cp. OHG. lastar, abuse, blame (Otfrid).
Lasten, v. to find fault, blame, SD.
Lasten, v. to follow out, last, endure, S, PP; lesten, S, S2; last, pr. s., S, C2; lest, S; laste, pt. s., S, C2; lastede, S; lestyt, pp., S3.—AS. lǽstan, to perform, to last: Goth. laistjan, from laists (AS. lást), a foot-track.
Lastingly, adv. constantly, W.
Lat, pr. s. leads, S; see Leden.
Lat, Late, Laten; see Leten.
Late, sb. behaviour, look, gesture, S, S2; lete, S; lote, S; lates, pl., S; laitis, S3; loten, S.—Icel. lát. See Leten.
Late, adj. and adv. slow, late, S, PP; later, comp., S, PP; latere, adv., S2; latst, superl., S.—AS. læt: Goth. lats, slothful.
Lateful, adj. late, W.
Lað, adj. hateful, loath, S, S2; see Loth.
Lað, sb. hatred, S.—AS. láð.
Laðe, sb. barn, horreum, granarium, Cath., Voc., HD; laðes, pl., S.—Icel. hlaða.
Laðful, adj. hateful, S.
Laðien, v. to invite, summon to a feast, SD.—AS. laðian; cp. OHG. ladón (Otfrid).
Laðiere, sb. inviter, S.
Latimer, sb. interpreter, S; latymer, HD; latineres, pl., SD, HD.—AF. latymer, OF. latinier, interpreter, lit. one knowing Latin; Late Lat. latinarium (Ducange).
Latis, sb. lattice; latijs, W2; latisis, pl., W2.—Cp. F. lattis.
Latly, adv. late, scarcely, H; latlier, comp., H.—AS. lætlice; cp. Icel. latliga. See Late.
Laton, sb. auricalcum, Prompt., C2; latoun, C3, C, W, WA; latten, Sh., ND, HD.—OF. laton.
Latrede, adj. tardy, CM.—AS. lætræde. See Late.
Latsum, adj. backward, SD.—AS. lætsum.
Latsumnes, sb. backwardness, H.
Laude, sb. praise, C2.—Lat. laudem.
Lauhen, v. to laugh, PP; laughe, PP, C2; see Lahhen.
Lauhte, pt. s. seized, PP; lauȝte, PP, S2; laucte, S; laȝte, S; see Lacchen.
Laumpe, sb. lamp, S2; see Lampe.
Launce, sb. lance, PP, WA; lance, Cath.—AF. launce, lance; Lat. lancea.
Launcegay, sb. a kind of spear, C2; lancegaye, ND; lawncegay, Prompt.—AF. launcegay (Godefroy).
Launcen, v. to hurl, fling, dart, to leap, hurry, to spring up, S3, PP; lanse, S2; launchen, to skip over a dike with a long pole; lawnchyn, Prompt.—OF. lancer, lancier, lanchier.
Launde, sb. a wild, untilled, shrubby, bushy plain, PP, CM, C, HD; laund, Sh., ND, Cotg.; lawnd, saltus, Voc.; land, Cotg.; lawnde, Cath.—AF. launde, forest, plain, OF. lande (Cotg.).
Laurer, sb. laurel, C; loryȝer, Prompt.; loryel, lorel, Prompt.—OF. laurier, lorier; Late Lat. *laurarium; from Lat. laurus.
Lauȝen, v. to laugh, S3, PP; laughe, C2, PP; lauhwen, S, S2, PP; see Lahhen.
Laue, sb. the remainder, B, JD, HD; see Laif.
Lauen, v. to lave, wash, PP; lauande, pr. p., S2.—OF. laver; Lat. lavare.
Lauerd, sb. lord, S, S2; see Louerd.
Lauerding, sb. nobleman, S2. Cf. Louerdinges.
Lauerdschipe, sb. lordship, S2; lordschipe, W2.
Laueroc, sb. lark, alauda, SD; lauerok, SD, JD; lauerokke, CM; lauerock, S2; larke, PP, Prompt., Voc.—AS. láwerce (Voc.).
Lauour, sb. laver, cistern, S3, CM, WW; laver, WW.
131Lawe, sb. law, S, PP; laȝe, S; laghe, S, H; lahe, S; lage, S; lages, pl., S; lahen, S; lawes, S; laȝe, S; laȝen, S; laȝhess, S. Phr.: of the beste lawe, in the best order, G.—Icel. lög (stem lagu), statute, decree.
Laweful, adj. lawful, SD; lawfulle, Cath.
Lawelese, adj. lawless, S; laȝelease, S.
Lawelyche, adj. lawful, S; lagelice, adv., S.
Lay, sb. law, CM; religion, fidelity, S2; creed, C2, C3; laies, pl., PP.—OF. lai, ley, lei; Lat. legem.
Layes, sb. pl. leas, meadows, S3; see Leye.
Layke, sb. game, sport, trial of strength, PP, S2; laike, WA; laik, PP.—Icel. leikr. Cf. Lok.
Layken, v. to play, sport, S2, PP, Prompt., Manip.; laike, PP, WA; leyke, S.—Icel. leika; cp. AS. lácan, to spring, leap for joy, dance, contend: Goth. laikan, to leap for joy.
Layking, sb. play-thing; laykyn’, Prompt.; lakan, Prompt. (n); leikin, a sweet-heart, Prompt. (n).
Laynere, sb. a thong, C, CM; layner, SkD (p. 814); lanȝer, Cath.; lanyer, Palsg.; lanyr, Voc.; lanere, Prompt.—OF. laniere (Cotg.), lasniere (Palsg.), lasnier (Bartsch); Late Lat. *laniaria (linea), the thong for a lanner. See Laner.
Laȝte, pt. s. took, S; see Lacchen.
Lazar, sb. leper, PP; lazer, C; lazars, pl., PP, C.—Church Lat. lazari, lepers (Ducange), from Lazarus; Gr. Λάζαρος (Lu. 16. 20); Heb. Eleazar, God helpeth.
Leahtor, sb. vice; leahtrum, pl. dat., S.—AS. leahtor, from leahan (léan), to blame: OS. lahan.
Lean, sb. reward, S.—AS. léan: Icel. laun, OHG. lón (Tatian).
Leasing, sb. falsehood, WW; see Leesinge.
Lebard, sb. leopard, S2; see Leopart.
Leccherye, sb. lewdness, PP; lecherie, S, S2, PP.—AF. lecherie.
Leche, sb. physician, S, S2, S3, C3, H; leeche, W; lache, S; leches, pl., S3; lechis, W.—AS. lǽce: Goth. lēkeis.
Leche-craft, sb. knowledge of medicine, S2, C, PP.
Lechen, v. to heal, S2, HD, PP.
Lechnien, v. to heal, SD.—AS. lácnian.
Lechnunge, sb. healing, S.—AS. lácnung.
Lechour, sb. a dissolute person, PP; letchour, W; lechur, S; lechours, pl., PP; lechouris, W; letchours, W.—AF. lecheur, glutton, from OF. lecher, to lick; cp. OHG. gi-lechon (Otfrid). See Licken.
Lede, sb. man, PP; ledes, pl., tenements, PP; see Leod.
Leden, v. to lead, carry, S, S2, Prompt.; laden, S; leaden, S; leide, S3; lat, pr. s., S, PP; ledys, pr. pl., S3; ledde, pt. s., S; ladde, S, S2, S3; læd, S; lad, S2, lædden, pl., S; ladde, C2, PP; i-led, pp., S; i-lad, S, G; lad, S2, S3; lede, S2; ladde, PP.—AS. lǽdan, to lead, carry, lift (pt. lǽdde, pp. lǽded), from lád, a way. See Lode.
Leden, adj. leaden, C3. See Leed.
Leden, sb. language, S2; leoden, SD; lede, WA; ludene, voice, PP; ledene, dat., C2 (n.); PP; ledenes, pl., S.—AS. lyden, language, also leden, Latin (on leden gereorde, Latina lingua, Voc.); Lat. latinus; cp. OF. latin, speech (the warbling of birds), Bartsch, 385. 29, It. latino, language.
Lee-; see also under Le-, Leo-.
Leed, sb. lead, S2, S3, C3, Voc., Prompt.; led, PP; lede, S3, P.—AS. léad (OET); cp. OLG. lód; see Weigand (s.v. lód).
Leed, sb. a kitchen copper, CM (2. 7); leede, dat., C.—Cp. lead (in dialects), HD, EDS. 21 (Tusser).
Leef, sb. leaf, a piece, PP, C; lef, PP; lyf, S2, PP; leues, pl., PP; levis, S3; leyvis, S3.—AS. léaf: Goth. laufs, laubs.
Leef, adj. dear, S3, C; see Leof.
Leendis, sb. pl. loins, S2; see Lende.
Leep, sb. basket, W; see Lepe.
Lees, sb. leash, snare, C3, CM, Prompt.; leese, CM; see Lese.
Lees, adj. and sb. false, a lie, S2, PP; les, S; less, S2, S3; lease, S; lese, S; lessere, comp., S.—AS. léas; cp. Icel. laus, loose, dissolute.
Leesinge, sb. falsehood, S3; leasung, lesing, S, S2, C3, W2; leasing, WW; leesing, W.—AS. léasung.
Lefdi, sb. lady, S, S2; see Leuedy.
Lef-ful, adj. believing, S. See Leue.
132Lefsum, adj. allowable, PP; see Leifsum.
Lege, adj. liege, S3; see Lige.
Leggen, v. to lay, S, S2, W; leyn, S, S3; leie to, to add, W2; leist, 2 pr. s., S; leȝȝesst, S; leið, pr. s., S; leyð, S; legeð, pl., S; leide, pt. s., S, S2; leyde, S; leȝȝde, S; læide, S; læiden, pl., S; leyden, S2; leid, pp., S; leyd, S, S2; i-leid, S; i-leyd, S; y-leid, S3; y-leyd, C2.—AS. lecgan: Goth. lagian.
Legistre, sb. a legist, man skilled in the law; legister, Prompt.; legistres, pl., P.—AF. legistre; Late Lat. legista.
Leif, sb. leave, licence, B; see Leue.
Leifsum, adj. allowable, S3; lefsum, PP.
Leir, sb. a couch, bed; leire, dat., S.—AS. leger, lying, illness.
Leiren, v. to lay low, sternere; leirede, pp., SD; laid on a sick bed, S.—AS. legerian (Leo).
Leir-stowe, sb. sepulchre, SD.
Leit, sb. lightning, S, W, W2; leyt, W2; leitis, pl., W, W2.—AS. léget, liget, Mt. 24. 27, líeget; see Sievers, 247.
Leiten, v. to flame, SD; to lighten, W2; leitinde, pr. p., S. See above.
Leityngis, sb. pl. lightnings, W.
Leiȝen, v. to laugh, W; see Lahhen.
Leiȝtir, sb. laughter, W2; see Lahter.
Leiȝyng, sb. laughing, W.
Lel, adj. leal, loyal, true, S2, S3; leel, PP, S3; lele, S2.—AF. lëal, OF. leial; Lat. legalem.
Lelliche, adv. truly, S2, S3, PP; lelly, S2, S3, PP; leelly, S2, PP; lelye, S2; lely, H; lelest, superl., PP.
Leme, sb. gleam, light, S, S2, PP, CM; leom, PP; leome, S; lemes, pl., CM; leemes, C; leames, S3; lemys, S3; leomene, pl. gen., S; lemene, S.—AS. léoma.
Lemen, v. to shine, SD; leomen, SD; lemand, pr. p., S3, WA; leomede, pt. s., SD; lemede, SD; lemed, PP.—AS. lýman.
Lemman, sb. sweetheart, lover (of both sexes), mistress, concubine, S, C2, C3, PP; lemmans, pl., WA; see Leofmon.
Lende, sb. loin, lumbus, Voc., S2; lendes, pl., HD, G; leendis, S2, W, W2; lendis, H; lendys, PP.—AS. lendenu, pl. (Voc.); cp. OHG. lendi (G. lende), lentîn (Tatian).
Lende, v. to land, arrive, to remain, dwell, to cause to land, S, PP; lend, pt. pl., S2; lended, pp., S2; ylent, S2.—Icel. lenda, to land; cp. AS. (ge)lændian, to cause to land. See Lond.
Lene, adj. lean, S, PP, C2, Prompt., Cath.—AS. hlǽne.
Lenen, v. to lean, PP; len, H; lenede, pt. s., PP; leonede, PP, S2; lent, pp., S3.—AS. hlionian; cp. Lat. clinare (in inclinare).
Lenen, v. to lend, grant, S, PP, S2, S3, C3; leenen, W; lennen, Cath.; leendyn, Prompt.; len, imp. s., S2; lenys, pr. s., H; lennys, H; lenð, S (1. 51); lantez, 2 pt. s., S2; i-lenet, pp., S; y-lent, C3; i-leaned, S; land, S2; lend, S2; lent, S2.—AS. lǽnan. See Læn, Lone.
Lener, sb. lender, usurer, W; leyner, Cath.
Leng, Lenger, Lengre; see Lang.
Lenge, v. to linger, remain, dwell, PP, S2; lenged, pt. s., PP.—AS. lengan. See Lang.
Lengðe, sb. length, S, PP; lenðe, S2.—AS. lengð.
Lennen, v. to lend, Cath.; see Lenen.
Lennynge, sb. a lending, H; lendynge, Prompt.
Lenten, sb. spring, lent, S2, PP; lente, PP, C2.—AS. lengten.
Leo-; see also under Le-.
Leod, sb. a man, also, a tenement, possession, PP, S2; leode, PP; lede, PP, WA; lud, S2; leodes, pl., PP; leodis, PP; ledes, S2, PP; ledis, PP, WA; leedes, PP, G; ludes, S2.—AS. léod, a prince (Grein).
Leode, sb. country-men, people, S; leede, G; leoden, dat., S; lede, HD, S2, WA; leode, S2. Phr.: land and lede, HD.—AS. léod, sb. f. a people, pl. léode, men (Grein); cp. OHG. liut (Otfrid).
Leof, adj. dear, beloved, glad, S, PP, S2; lief, S, S3, C2, PP; lef, S, S3, HD; leef, S3, C, PP; lif, S; lefe, S2; leue, PP, S, S2, S3, C2; lieue, S; luef, S2; luf, S2; leoue, S; leofue, S; leuer, comp., S3, C2; leof, adv. PP; luf, PP; leuere, comp., S, S2; leouere, S; leuer, H; leouest, superl., S, S2; louest, S; leueste, S2.—AS. léof.
Leofliche, adj. dear, precious, S; adv., S; leuelike, S; leoflukest, adj. superl., S.—AS. léoflic, adj.; léoflice, adv.
Leof-mon, sb. dear one, beloved one, lover (used of both sexes), S; lefmon, S, 133 HD; lemman, S, PP, C2, C3; leouemon, S; lemmanes, pl. sweethearts, PP; lemmons, concubines, PP.
Leofsum, adj. precious, S; lefsum, SD.
Leoften, v. to flatter, caress; leoftede, pt. s., S.
Leome, Leomen; see Leme, Lemen.
Leon, sb. lion, S2, C2, WA; leun, S; leoun, S, S2, C2; lyoun, S2; liuns, pl., S; leuns, S.—AF. liun, OF. leon; Lat. leonem.
Leonyn, adj. lion-like, C2.—OF. leonin Lat. leoninum.
Leopart, sb. leopard, PP; leparde, Voc.; lepart, C; lebard, Voc.; leberde, Voc.; lyberde, Cath.; libard, B; labbarde, Prompt.; lebbard, Prompt.; leoperdes, pl., PP; lepardes, C2; lebardez, S2; libardes, S2; liberdes, S3.—AF. leopard, leopart, lepart, pl. leoparz.
Leor, sb. cheek, face, S, PP, S2; lere, PP, S2, S3, WA; lire, PP; lure, SD.—AS. hléor, the cheek, face, look.
Leornen, v. to learn, S, S2; see Lernen.
Leorning-cniht, sb. disciple, SD, S.
Leoðre, adj. bad, S; see Luðer.
Lepe, sb. basket, Voc., HD, H (s.v. ber), Palsg.; leep, W, W2, Prompt.; leap, Cotg. (s.v. nasse); lepis, pl., W; lepes, S (s.v. bread).—AS. léap; cp. Icel. laupr.
Lepen, v. to leap, run, PP, G; lope, Cath., HD; leop, pt. s., PP, S2; lep, PP; leep, PP; lap, S2, S3; lepe, PP; loupe, P; lope, S2, PP; lep, pl., S2; lopen, P; lope, P; lopen, pp., PP, S2, HD; lepte, pt. s. (weak), S2; lippide, W; lepten, pl., PP.—AS. hléapan, pt. hléop (pl. hléopon), pp. hléapen: Goth. hlaupan; cp. Icel. hlaupa.
Leper, sb. leaper, Cath.; loper, Cath.; leperes, pl. runners, wanderers, PP.
Lepe-ȝere, sb. leap-year, Voc., Cath.
Lepre, sb. leprosy, S2; leprye, Manip.—AF. lepre; Lat. lepra (Vulg.); Gr. λέπρα.
Lere, sb. flesh, muscle, C2; see Lyre.
Lere, sb. cheek, face, S2, S3; see Leor.
Lered, pp. used as adj.; læredd, the learned, clergy, S; lerud, instructed, W, W2.—AS. lǽred.
Lered-men, sb. pl. the learned, the clergy, S.
Leren, v. (1) to teach, S, S2, S3, H; learen, S; leoren, S; ler, imp. s., S; lerede, pt. s., S; leorde, S; lerde, S2; y-lered, pp., S2. (2) Leren, v. to learn, S, S2, S3, C2, H.—AS. lǽran: Goth. laisjan, to make to find out, to teach.
Lerned, adj. learned, C2, PP.
Lernen, v. to learn, teach, S, S2, S3, PP, W2; lurnen, S2; leornen, S, S2; leornin, S.—AS. leornian.
Les, Lese, adj. false, S; see Lees.
Lese, sb. a leash, laxa, Cath., PP; lees, Prompt., C3; leece, Prompt.; lease, Cotg. (s.v. laisse); lesshe, Palsg.; leesshe, HD; leysche, S2.—OF. laisse; Lat. laxa, a loose rope.
Lesen, v. to lose, S2, S3, C2, PP, W; liese, S; leese, PP, S3; to destroy, W; leosen, S, S2, PP; leest, 2 pr. s., PP; lest, pr. s., S2; lees, pt. s., PP; les, PP; lese, PP; loren, pl., PP; lorn, pp., PP, S2; lorne, S3; lore, PP, G, S2; ilore, G; y-lore, S2; loste, pt. s. (weak), W; losten, pl., PP, C3, C, W2; loste, pp., PP; lost, PP; y-lost, C3.—AS. léosan, pt. léas (pl. luron), pp. loren.
Lesen, v. to set free, redeem, S, HD, H; les, imp. s., S2; lese, G; lesde, pt. s., S; lesed, pp., S; i-lesed, S.—AS. lésan: OS. lósian.
Leser, sb. releaser, SD, HD, S2.
Lesewe, sb. pasture, W2; leesewe, W2; lese, SD, S2; lewse, dat., S; lesewis, pl., W; lyssouris, S3.—AS. lesu, læsu.
Lesewin, v. to feed; lesewynge, pr. p., W, S2; lesewid, pp., W2.—AS. læswian.
Lesing, sb. a lie, S, S2, C3, W; lesyng, PP; see Leesinge.
Lesing-monger, sb. liar, W.
Lesnesse, sb. remission, S2. See Lesen.
Lesse, adj. comp. less, S.
Lessin, v. to diminish, Prompt.; lessi, S2.
Lessinge, sb. diminution, S2.
Lest, sb. desire, C2; see Lust.
Lest, sb. fault, SD; see Last.
Lest, pr. s. it pleases, PP; pt. s., PP; see Lusten.
Lest, pr. s. loses, S2; see Lesen.
Leste, adj. superl. least, S2, C2, G, PP; lest, S, PP; last, S.—AS. læst.
Leste, imp. s. listen, S; see Lusten.
Lesten, v. to last, S, S2; see Lasten.
Lestinde, adj. lasting, S; leastinde, S.
134Lesty, adj. cunning, skilful, S3. See Liste.
Les-when, conj. lest at some time, H. See Lasse.
Lesynge, sb. loss, PP; lesyng, S3, C2, PP; losyng, S2. See Lesen.
Leten, v. (1) to let, cause, permit, (2) to let go, (3) to leave, forsake, neglect, desist, (4) to behave, pretend, (5) to esteem, S, S2, C3, H; laten, S; leoten, S; læte, S; late, imp. s., S2; lat, C2; lest, 2 pr. s., S; letiþ, pr. s., S2; lates, S2; lattis, H; læt, pt. s., S; let, S2, S3; leet, S2, C2; i-leten, pp., S; latun, W; laten, H.—AS. lǽtan, létan, pt. lét, léot, pp. laten; cp. Icel. láta.
Leten, v. to delay, S; laten, S.—AS. latian. Cf. Letten.
Letherien, v. to be in a lather, SkD; liðeri, pr. s. subj., S.—ONorth. leðrian, to anoint (John 11. 2), from AS. léaðor, lather (Voc.); cp. Icel. lauðr, froth.
Lette, sb. delay, S, S3, C2; let, S2.
Letten, v. to hinder, to make late, PP, S2, S3, C2; let, pr. s., S, PP; lette, pt. s., S, C2; letted, S3; lettid, H.—AS. lettan: Icel. letja: Goth. latjan, to be late.
Lettere, sb. hinderer, S2, PP.
Lettre, sb. writing, C2, PP; lettres, pl., C3, PP.—AF. lettre; Lat. littera.
Lettrure, sb. writing, scripture, learning, PP, W2; letterure, C2, PP, C3; lettyreure, H.—AF. lettrure, OF. letreüre; Lat. litteratura.
Letuarie, sb. electuary, C3; lettwary, Cath.; letuaries, pl., Cath. (n), C.—OF. laituaire, leiture, letuaire, electuaire; Lat. electuarium, a medicine dissolving in the mouth (Ducange).
Leude, adj. ignorant, H; see Lewed.
Leute, sb. loyalty, PP; see Lewte.
Leue, sb. permission, Prompt., S2, C2, PP; leaue, S; leif, B. Phr.: nom læue, took leave, took permission to go, S; nam lefue, S; tok his leue, S, C2; tuk his leyff, S3; be ȝoure leue, by your leave, WA.—AS. léaf.
Leue, sb. belief, S; leeue, S3; læfe, S; lafe, S.—AS. (ge)léafa.
Leue, adj. dear, S, S2, S3, C2; see Leof.
Leue, v. to live, S2, S3; see Liuien.
Leued, adj. covered with leaves, PP, S2.
Leuedy, sb. lady, S2, H; leuedi, S2, S; lefdye, S2; lefdi, S, S2; leafdi, S; lauedi, S; læuedi, S; læfdi, S.—AS. hlǽfdige.
Leueful, adj. allowable, PP; leeueful, S2, C3, W; leefful, S2; leeful, S2, S3.—AS. léafful.
Leuen, v. to permit, S, S2, S3, C2, PP; lef, imp. s., S.—AS. lýfan, to allow.
Leuen, v. to believe, S, S2, S3, C2, PP; leauen, S; leeuen, S2; leyue, PP; lefenn, S; lyue, PP; lef, imp. s., S, PP; leef, PP, S2; leues, pl., S2; leueden, pt. pl., W; leeued, pp., S3.—AS. (ge)lýfan: Goth. (ga)laubjan.
Leuen, v. to leave, to dismiss, to remain, relinquere, relinqui, PP, S, S2, S3; leauen, S; lef, S2; leaf, imp. s., S; lef, S; leeue, S2; leues, pr. pl., S2; lefde, pt. s., S; leafde, S; lefte, S2, S3; leuede, pl., S2; lafte, C2; laft, pp., S2, C2; lewyt, S3; y-left, S2.—AS. lǽfan, to leave, from láf, remains, heritage. See Laif.
Leuene, sb. lightning, Cath. (n), Prompt.; levin, JD, SD, ND; levyn, Prompt.—Cp. Goth. lauhmuni, also Dan. lyn; see Douse, p. 103.
Leuenen, v. to smite with lightning, to shine; levyn, Cath.; leuenand, pr. p., Cath. (n), H.
Leuenynge, sb. lightning, Cath., H; leuening, S2; leyfnyng, Voc.; leuenyngis, pl., H.
Leuere, adj. comp. dearer, preferable, PP, S, S2; adv. more dearly, sooner, rather, PP, S2; leuer, PP, S2, S3; see Leof.
Levy, sb. a raising, esp. of money, SkD (p. 815).—OF. levée, a levy (Cotg.).
Levy, v. to raise (money), SkD; leueyed, pp., S3.—OF. lever; Lat. leuare.
Lewch, pt. s. laughed, S3; see Lahhen.
Lewde, adj. ignorant, S3; see Lewed.
-lewe, suffix. Cf. Chekelew, Costlewe, Drunkenlewe, Siklewe, Þurstlew.—Icel. suffix -ligr, passing into -liw, and then into -lew, by influence of w on i; cp. Icel. kostligr, ME. costlewe, costly (W. W. S.).
Þurstlew appears under the headword Þrist. Siklewe could not be located, either as an independent entry or under the headword Sek.
Lewe, sb. shelter, S; lew, HD.—AS. hleow, hléo.
Lewe, adj. warm, tepid, S; lew, HD, W.
Lewed, adj. unlearned, ignorant, worthless, S2, C, C2, PP, H; læwedd, S; lewde, S3, Prompt.; lewid, W; lawd, H; lawde, H; leude, H; lewedeste, superl., PP.—AS. lǽwed, lay, ‘laicus’ (Voc.), (ge)léwed, pp. of lǽwan, to weaken.
Lewedly, adv. ignorantly, C2, C3.
135Lewednesse, sb. ignorance, PP, S2, C2; lewdnesse, PP; lewdnes, S3; lewdenesse, Prompt.
Lewke, adj. tepid, Cath.; luke, Cath. (n).
Lewse, sb. pasture, S; see Lesewe.
Lewte, sb. loyalty, fidelity, G, Prompt., PP; leute, PP.—AF. lealte, OF. lëalted; Lat. legalitatem.
Lewth, sb. shelter, HD.—AS. hleowð, hléoð.
Leye, sb. flame, PP, S; leie, S; lei, SD.—AS. lég: Icel. logi. Cf. Lowe.
Leye, sb. untilled land, PP; lay, Prompt.; laye, dat., S3; laye, adj., G; layes, pl. meadows, S3; leys, S3; leyes, PP; leyȝes, PP; leas, S3 (p. 228).—AS. léah.
Leye-lond, sb. lea-land, PP; laylande, ‘terre nouvellement labourée,’ Palsg.
Leyen, pt. pl. lay, S, S3; leyn, pp., lain, S3; see Liggen.
Leyn, v. to lay, S, S3; leyde, pt. s., S; leyd, pp., S, S2; see Leggen.
Leyser, sb. leisure, C, C2; laser, S2, S3: laysure, Manip.—AF. leisir; Lat. licere.
-leȝȝc, suffix, used in forming abstract nouns, found in Ormulum, S.—Icel. -leikr, or -leiki. Cf. -lac.
The suffix -lac occurs in words such as Ferlac, Fiht-lac, Reflac. It does not have an independent entry.
Li-; see also under Ly-.
Libben, v. to live, S, S2, S3; see Liuien.
Lich, sb. body, form, S, PP, SkD; liche, S, PP, WA; like, WA; lyche, dead body, Prompt. Comb.: lichewake, the watch held over the body of the dead, C, SD; lyke-waik, JD, Prompt. (n).—AS. líc, the body, generally the living body; cp. Goth. leik, the body, also a corpse. Cf. Liche.
Lic-hame, sb. body, S; licham, S; lykhame, PP; licame, S, PP; licam, PP, S2; likame, PP; likam, PP, S2; lykam, PP; lykame, S2; lycome, S; liham, PP; lichames, gen., S; licames, PP.—AS. líc-hama, a body, properly ‘body-covering’; cp. Icel. líkami.
Lichamliche, adj. bodily, carnal, S; lichomliche, S.—AS. líchamlic.
Liche, adj. like, resembling, PP, S3; lyche, PP, S2; lich, S2; lijk, W2; lyik, W2; lykkest, superl., S2.—AS. líc, found usually in the form ge-líc. Cf. Lich, Ilich.
-liche, suffix, found in adjectives and adverbs.—AS. -lic, adj. suffix, -lice, adv. suffix.
Licht, adj. light, not heavy, easy, S2, B; see Liht.
Licht, pr. s. lights, S; see Liȝten.
Lichtlines, sb. levity, jesting; lychtlynes, S3.
Licken, v. to lick, SkD; lickiden, pt. pl., W (Lu. 16. 21). Comb.: lyck-peny, a name for London from its licking up the penny, swallowing money, S3; lick-penny, S3 (n).—AS. liccian; cp. OHG. lechón in gi-lechón (Otfrid); see Brugmann, § 214. Cf. Lechour.
Licour, sb. liquor, juice, S2, C3; lycour, PP; liquoure, Manip.; licur, SkD.—OF. licur; Lat. liquorem.
Lic-wurðe, adj. pleasing, S.
Lid, sb. a cover, lid, SD; lydde, Cath.; book-cover, HD; lides, pl., lids of the eyes, S.—AS. hlid.
Liden, v. to cover, SD.—AS. hlídan, to cover (in be-hlídan), pp. hliden.
Lieftenant, sb. lieutenant, deputy, S3; lieftenants, pl., S3.—AF. lieutenant; Lat. locum-tenentem.
Liese, v. to lose, S; see Lesen.
Lifes, pr. s. lives, S2; see Liuien.
Lift, adj. left, S, S2, PP; see Lyft.
Lige, adj. liege, free, PP, C2, C3; lyge, PP; liege, PP; lege, S3, PP, SkD; leege, PP; lyche, Prompt.; lige, sb. pl., liege servants, PP, C2; lyges, PP; lieges, S2, C3; liegis, PP; leges, PP.—OF. lige (Bartsch), lige seignur, liege lord (Roland, 2421); cp. AF. seignour lige, and homes liges; cp. Low Lat. ligius.
Ligeaunce, sb. allegiance, C3.—OF. ligeance, see NED (s.v. allegiance).
Ligen, v. to tell a lie, S; see Lyȝen.
Liggen, v. to lie, S, S2, H, C2, W; ligen, H; liȝen, S2; lien, S; leȝe, S; list, 2 pr. s., S; lið, pr. s., S, S2; lyð, S; ligeð, pl., S; ligges, continue, S2; lygge, pr. pl. subj., S2; lai, pt. s., S; lay to, suited, S2; leigen, pl., S; leyen, S, S3; y-leye, pp., P; i-leie, S; leie, W; leyn, S3; y-layne, S3; i-leiȝen, S2.—AS. licgan, pt. læg, pl. lǽgon (lágon), pp. gelegen.
Liggyng, sb. lying down, W.
Lighte, v. to make less heavy, to relieve a horse of his burden by descending, to alight, CM; lyghte, S3, C3, Cath.; light, S2, S3; liȝten, S, S2; ligten, S; lihten, S; lyȝt, S2; liȝte, pt. s., PP; lyȝte, PP; lyȝt, S2; lychtyt, pl., S3; liht, pp., S2; ligt, S.—AS. líhtan. See Liht.
136Lihen, v. to deceive, S; see Lyȝen.
Liht, adj. light, not heavy, easy, S; lyht, S; licht, S2; liȝt, W2; liȝte, active, S; adv., S2; liȝtere, comp., S2, W.—AS. leoht: OHG. líhti; cp. Goth. leihts; see Sievers, 83.
Lihtlich, adj. easy, light, S; lihtliche, adv., S; liȝtliche, S, S2.—AS. leohtlic, leohtlice.
Lihtschipe, sb. swiftness, S.
Liken, v. to please, SkD, PP, WW, S3; liki, S; lykyen, S; like, to rejoice, S2; likeð, pr. s. impers., PP, S2; lykeð, PP, S2, C2; lykede, pt. s., S2.—AS. lícian (also lícan), to please, literally, to be like or suitable for. See Liche.
Likerous, adj. dainty, lecherous, S2, PP, C3; lykerous, PP; lycorouse, dainty-mouthed, Palsg.; licorous, Cotg. (s.v. lecheresse). See Lechour.
Likful, adj. pleasing, SD.
Likinge, sb. pleasure, S, W; liking, PP, W2; lykyng, S2, C2.
Likinge, adj. favourable; lykynge, S2.
Likli, adj. likely, SD.
Liklihed, sb. likelihood, SkD; lyklihede, C2.
Liklinesse, sb. probability; lyklinesse, C2.
Liknen, v. to liken, to compare, PP; lykne, PP; lickne, PP; lykned, pp., C2; licned, W; iliknet, S2.
Liknesse, sb. likeness, appearance, PP, W; liccness, S; liknes, S2; lyknes, S3.—AS. gelícnes.
Lilburne, sb. a heavy stupid fellow, S3.
Lilie, sb. lily, argentea, S, S2. Comb.: lylie-whyt, lily-white, S2.—AS. lilie (Voc.); Lat. lilia, pl. of lilium; cp. OHG. lilia (Otfrid).
Lim, sb. limb, S; lym, S2; lyme, PP; leome, PP, S2; limen, pl., S; lemes, PP; limes, S; lymes, limbs, W2, S2, PP, C2; creatures, PP; lyms, S3; limmes, C2. Phr.: feondes lymes, limbs of the fiend, PP (cp. Icel. limir Fjándans); the deuyl and his lymmes, H (Ps. 108. 30). Comb.: lim-mele, limb-meal, SD; limel, S.—AS. lim, lim-mǽlum, ‘membratim.’
Limpen, v. to happen, to belong to, S; lomp, pt. s., SD; lymppede (weak), HD; lumpen, pp., S2.—AS. limpan, pt. lamp (pl. lumpon), pp. gelumpen.
-ling, suffix. See SkD (s.v. darkling).
Linnen, v. to cease, S; lynne, S; lin, HD; lyn, S3; lan, pt. s., SD.—AS. linnan, pt. lann (pl. lunnon), pp. lunnen; cp. Icel. linna.
Linnunge, sb. ceasing, S.
Lipnen, v. to trust; lippin, JD.
Lipning, sb. trust; lypnyng, B.
Lire, sb. cheek, face, PP; see Leor.
Lispen, v. to lisp, SkD; lyspe, Cath.; lipsede, pt. s., C.—AS. wlispian.
Lisse, sb. ease, rest, joy, happiness, S, PP; lysse, S, PP.—AS. liss (for líð-s); see Sievers, 258. See Liðe.
Lissien, v. to ease, SD; lisse, HD; lyss, S3.—AS. lissian.
List, pr. s. impers. it pleases him, S2, S3, C2; see Lusten.
Liste, v. to desire, PP; see Lusten.
Liste, sb. list or edge of cloth, PP, Manip.; lyste, PP, S2, Palsg., Cath.; lyyste, Prompt.; lyyst, Prompt. Comb.: lyste of the ear, mol de l’oraylle, Palsg.—OF. liste; Icel. lista.
Liste, sb. craft, astuteness, S, S2.—AS. list; cp. Icel. list, OHG. list, from Teut. base LIS. Cf. Lore.
Listely, adv. slily, S2.—AS. listlice.
Listes, sb. pl. the lists, the ground enclosed for a tournament, C2; lystes, C.—AF. listes, pl.; OF. lisse, (also lice), a tilt-yard; see Ducange (s.v. licia).
Listre, sb. a lector, preaching friar, PP; listyr, Prompt.; reader, Trevisa, 6. 257; listres, pl., PP.—OF. listre for litre; Church Lat. lector (Ducange).
Lit, adj. little, S; see Lyte.
Lit, sb. stain, dye, colour, S, SD; littis, pl., WA.—Icel. litr, colour, complexion, countenance, dye. See Wliten.
Litarge, sb. litharge, protoxyde of lead, C, C3.—OF. litharge; Lat. lithargyrus; Gr. λιθάργυρος.
Liteled, pt. s. 2 p. didst esteem lower, S2; see Lutlin.
Lith, sb. joint, limb, member, PP, S, S2, C; lyth, HD; lythe, Prompt.—AS. lið; cp. Icel. liðr, Goth. lithus.
Liðe, v. to go, pass through, S; liðen, S.—AS. líðan; cp. Icel. líða, OHG. líðan, to go through, suffer (Otfrid), Goth. leithan.
Liðe, adj. gentle, mild, soft, calm, sweet, S; lythe, Prompt.; lythe, adv., HD.—AS. líðe (for linth-j-a); cp. OHG. lindi, lind, Icel. linr. Cf. Linnen.
Liðeliche, adv. gently, S.—AS. liðelice.
Liðer, adj. bad, S2; see Luðer.
137Liðien, v. to relax, S, SD; liðe, PP, WA; lethe, to alleviate, S2; to grow calm, S2.—AS. líðian.
Liðnien, v. to ease; liðnid, pp., PP.
Litte, v. to dye, H, Cath., HD; liten, Prompt.—Icel. lita, to dye. See Lit.
Littester, sb. dyer, tinctor, tinctrix, Cath.; lytster, tinctor, Voc.; lyster, Cath.; lystare, Prompt.; litsters, pl., HD. See Lit.
Liue, Liues; see Lyf.
Liuelod, sb. sustenance, S3; see Lyflode.
Liuenoðe, sb. sustenance, S.—Icel. lifnaðr, conduct of life.
Liuien, v. to live, S; liue, S; leiffe, S3; lefien, S; leue, S2, S3; leeuen, S3; libben, S, S2, S3; lybbe, S2, S3; liuiende, pr. p., S; libbinde, S; leuand, S3; leowinde, S: lyfand, S2; liffand, S2; lifes, lyfes, pr. pl., S2; lifd, pt. s., S2; i-leued, pp., S; i-luued, S; leyffyt, S3.—AS. lifian, libban, to remain, to be left, to live; cp. AS. lífan, to leave, and OHG. be-líban, to remain (Tatian).
Liuing, sb. means of livelihood, S3.
Lixt, 2 pr. s. liest, G; see Lyȝen.
Liȝt, sb. light, S; lyht, S, S2; licht, S; lict, S; liht, S, PP; lyȝt, S2; loht, S; liȝt, pl., S2.—AS. léoht: Goth. liuhath; cp. OHG. lioht (Otfrid).
Liȝt, adj. light, bright, WA; lyht, S2.—AS. léoht; cp. OHG. lioht (Otfrid).
Liȝten, v. to light, enlighten, to become bright, S; lihten, S; lict, imp., S; licht, pr. s., S; lihtede, pt. s., S; i-liȝt, pp., S2; liht, S; lyht, S2.—AS. lýhtan, líhtan.
Liȝten, v. to alight, S, S2; see Lighte.
Liȝti, adj. bright, shining, W.
Liȝtinge, sb. lightning, S2.
Liȝtne, v. to enlighten, shine, dawn, W, W2; liȝtnede, pt. s., W.
Liȝtnere, sb. enlightener, W2.
Liȝtnyng, sb. illumination, W, W2.
Lob, sb. a clown, a clumsy fellow, HD; a lout, lubber, Sh.
Lobbe-keling, sb. a large cod, S2.
Lob-cocke, sb. lubber, S3, Cotg. (s.v. baligaut), HD. See Lob.
Lobres, sb. pl. lubbers, PP, S2.
Loby, sb. looby, PP; lobyes, pl., PP.
Lode, sb. a way, path, SD; loode, something carried, a load, vectura, Prompt.; lade, SD.—AS. (ge)lád, a way, path, from líðan, to go. See Liðe.
Lode-menage, sb. pilotage, C.
Lodesman, sb. pilot, Palsg.; lodezmon, S2; lodysmanne, ‘vector, vehicularius,’ Prompt.
Lode-star, sb. load-star, S3; lode-sterre, CM.
Lode-stone, sb. loadstone, SkD.
Lof, sb. praise, S, S2; lofe, S, WA; loft, S.—AS. lof; Icel. lof, praise, permission, OS. lof; cp. OHG. lob (Otfrid).
Lofen, v. to praise, S, S2; loue, SD, S2, S3, H; lovand, pr. p., HD, S2, H.—AS. lofian, to praise; cp. Icel. lofa, to praise, to permit.
Lof-song, sb. song of praise, S; loftsong, S; loftsonges, pl., S.—AS. lof-sang.
Loft, sb. an upper room, height, PP, G, SkD. Phr.: on lofte, aloft, literally, in the air, PP, S2, C3; on þe lofte, S.—Icel. lopt, air, sky, an upper room, balcony; á lopt, aloft, in the air. Cf. Lyft.
Logge, sb. a lodge, hut, small cottage, B, CM; loge, WA; lodge, WW; luge, HD.—AF. loge.
Loggen, v. to lodge, dwell, PP; lodge, WW; logeth, pr. s., PP; logged, pt. s., S3, CM; lugede, pp., HD; lugit, S3.—AF. loger.
Loggyng, sb. lodging, CM; luging, S3; logyng, B.
Loghe, sb. water, sea, S2; loȝ, S2; loȝe, S2, WA; lowis, pl., S3. Cp. AS. lagu-flod, ‘obscura unda’ (Voc.); also Icel. lögr (gen. lagar).
Loh, pt. s. laughed, S2; see Lahhen.
Lok, sb. an offering, gift, S; loc, S; lac, S; loke, sport, PP; lake, dat., S; lac, pl., S; lakes, S.—AS. lác, a leaping for joy, sport, contest, also, a sacrifice, gift: Goth. laiks, sport, dance. Cf. Layken, Laken.
Lok, sb. lock, fastening, S2, PP; lokkes, pl., PP. See Louken.
Loken, v. to look, observe, S, S2, PP; lokin, S; lokien, S; loki, to protect, S; loky, to guard, S2; luke, S3; locan on, to observe, S; loc, imp., S; lokede, pt. s., S.—AS. lócian.
Loken, pp. locked, S; see Louken.
Loking, sb. looking, PP; lokyng, custody, S; appearance, W; lokinge, decision, S2; lokynge, PP; protection, S2; lokunge, S.
138Lokken, v. to lock, SkD; lok, Cath.; ylokked, pp., S2. See Lok.
Lokrand, pr. p. as adj. curling S3; lokkerand, Cath. (n).
Lokyrynge, sb. curliness, crispitudo, Cath.
Lollen, v. to loll, limp about, lounge, rest, also, to flap, wag, PP; lollede, pt. s., S3; lullede, S2.
Lollere, sb. loller, idle vagabond, PP; loller, C2, CM.
Lomb, sb. lamb, C3, W2, PP; lombe, Voc., PP, W; lambren, pl., PP, W, W2; lambre, W2; lombe, S2.—AS. lamb, lomb.
Lome, sb. tool, instrument, S2, WA; a vessel (the ark in the deluge), S2; lomes, pl., S2, PP; lomen, S2.—AS. gelóma, ‘utensile’ (Voc.).
Lome, adv. frequently, S, PP; phr.: oft and lome, HD; i-lome, S, S2; ylome, S2; lomer, comp., PP; lommere, PP.—AS. gelóme.
Lomp, pt. s. happened; see Limpen.
Lond, sb. land, S, S2, PP; lont, S; lon, S; londe, dat., S2; londes, pl., S.—AS. land.
Londe, v. to land, S.
Lond-folk, sb. countryfolk, S.
Londisse, adj. native, S.
Lone, sb. lane, PP; lones, pl., S2, PP.—AS. lonu, see Sievers, 279.
Lone, sb. loan, S, S2, PP, Prompt.—AS. lán; cp. Icel. lán.
Longe, sb. lung; longen, pl., PP; lunges, SkD, Cath.; longes, C, PP.—AS. lunge, pl. lungan.
Longen, v. to become long, to long for, to belong to, S, S2, S3, C2, PP, SkD; langen, S2, H.—AS. langian. See Lang.
Longinge, sb. longing, S2; longynge, PP; longenge, S.
Loof, sb. loaf, W2, PP; lof, S, PP; laf, S; lofe, Cath.; loues, pl., C3; loouys, S2; looues, W2.—AS. hláf.
Loof, sb. a kind of rudder or apparatus for steering, SkD; loues, pl., SkD.—Cp. OF. lof, the windward side of a vessel (Rabelais).
Loop, v. to melt and run together in a mass, HD.—Icel. hlaupa, to curdle; cp. blóð-hlaup, curdled blood. Cf. Lepen.
Loos, sb. loss, PP; los, PP, C2.—ONorth. los (Matt. 7. 13). See Lesen.
Loos, sb. fame, report, Prompt., PP, CM, C3; lose, H (67. 33).—AF. loos, OF. los; Lat. laus or laudes, see Constans.
Lopen, pp. run away, S2; see Lepen.
Lopir, v. to curdle, clot, coagulate; lopper, JD; lopird, pp., H, HD; lappered, JD; lopyrde (as milk), Cath. See Loop.
Lopirynge, sb. curdling, H.
Lord, sb. husband, S; see Louerd.
Lorde, v. to idle about, S3. See Lourde.
Lordinges, sb. pl. sirs, masters, S, S2, G; see Louerdinges.
Lordschipe, sb. lordship, W2; see Lauerdschipe.
Lordschiping, sb. domination, W.
Lordshipen, v. to rule over, S2.
Lore, sb. learning, lore, S, S2, S3, C3, PP; lare, S, S2, H; lores, pl., S2.—AS. lár (for *laisa), from OTeut. base LIS, to find out.
Lorel, sb. an abandoned fellow, perditissimus, P, CM, PP, S3; lozel, ND; losel, PP, Prompt.; lorels, pl., S3; losells, S3; loseles, P. See Lesen.
Lorel, sb. laurel, Prompt.; loryȝer, Prompt.; see Laurer.
Lorn, pp. lost, S2; see Lesen.
Lor-þeaw, sb. a teacher, S; lareaw, SD; lorþeawe, dat., S; lorþeawes, pl., S; larþawes, S; larewes, SD.—AS. lárþéow (láréow). See Lore.
Lose, v. to set free, G; louse, imp. s., G; loside, pt. s., W2. Cf. Lesen.
Lose, sb. praise, H; see Loos.
Losel; see Lorel.
Losen, v. to praise, PP; losed, pp., WA.
Losenge, sb. a kind of quadrilateral figure; losynges, pl., CM.—OF. losenge, praise, flattery, encomium, then grave-stone, square slab, lozenge in heraldry.
Losengere, sb. flatterer, deceiver, WA; losanger, sluggard, S3; losengour, C; losenjour, HD.—OF. losengier (Cotg.), also (with different suffix) losengëor, losengetour, flatterer.
Losengerye, sb. flattery, lying, PP.
Lossom, adj. loveable, pleasant, S2; see Lufsum.
Lot, sb. lot, S; loten, pl., S; lotes, S.—AS. hlot; cp. Goth. hlauts.
Loteby, sb. concubine, HD, PP (n); ludby, HD; lutby, H; lotebyes, pl., PP. 139 PP.—Literally, ‘a secret lier with,’ cp. Lyerby, HD. See Lotyen.
Loth, adj. hostile, hateful, grievous, unpleasant, unwilling, S, S2, PP, C; looth, C2; lað, S, S2; layth, S2; laith, H, PP; loðere, comp., S; lother, PP; lathere, adv., H; loðest, superl., S.—AS. láð; cp. Icel. leiðr.
Lothe, v. to loathe, PP; laðin, S.—AS. láðian.
Lothelich, adj. hateful, P; loðlich, S; loðli, S2; lodlich, S, S2; ladlic, S.—AS. láðlic.
Loðlesnesse, sb. innocence, S; lodlesnesse, S.
Lotyen, v. to lurk; lotyeth, pr. pl., PP; lotinge, pr. p., C3.—AS. lutian (Grein).
Loud, adj. loud; lowd, PP; lud, S; lude, adv. S; lowde, PP, C; loude, PP.—AS. hlúd; cp. Gr. κλυτός, renowned.
Lough, pt. s. laughed, C2, C3; louh, PP; see Lahhen.
Louh, adj. low, S, S2, PP; law, S3; loge, S; lowe, S; laghe, H; lah, S; lahe, adv., S; loȝe, S; lowe, PP; louwe, S; law, S3; lauer, comp., S2.—Icel. lágr.
Louhnesse, sb. lowliness, PP.
Louken, v. to close, H, PP; luken, S; lowke, PP, H; lowkande, pr. p., S2; leac, pt. s., SD; lec, SD; læc, SD; luken, pl., SD; loken, pp., S, SD; lokenn, S; lowkyt (weak), S3.—AS. lúcan, pt. léac (pl. lucon), pp. locen; cp. Icel. lúka.
Lourde, adj. lazy, sluggish, HD; loord, sb., ND.—OF. lourd; Lat. luridum, dirty, lazy, heavy; see Diez.
Lourdeine, sb. a lazy rascal, PP; lordein, PP; lurdeyn, PP; lurden, HD; lourdeines, pl. vagabonds, PP.—OF. lourdein. See above.
Loure, v. to lower, S2, S3; see Luren.
Louten, v. to stoop, bow down, worship, H, PP, S2, C2; to treat as a lout, S3; lutende, pr. p., S; loutede, pt. s., PP, S2; luted, pl., S2; lutten, pl., S.—Cp. AS. lútan, to bow down, also lútian, to hide (OET.).
Louabil, adj. worthy to be praised, H. See Lof.
Loue, v. to praise, S2, S3, H; see Lofen.
Louely, adj. worthy to be praised, H.
Louen, v. to praise, S2, S3, H; see Lofen.
Louerd, sb. lord, S, S2, S3, PP; laford, S; laferrd, S; lauerd, S, S2; lowerd, S; lord, husband, S; lauerð, S.—AS. hláford.
Louerdinges, sb. pl. sirs, masters, S; lordinges, S, S2, G; lordynges, PP. Cf. Lauerding.
Louyen, v. to love, PP; luuen, S; luuien, S; lufenn, S; luf, H; louien, S; loue, S2; lofuieð, pr. pl., S; luuede, pt. s., S; louede, S.—AS. lufian.
Louyere, sb. lover, C; luffaris, pl., S3.
Lowable, adj. praiseworthy, PP.
Lowe, v. to approve of, praise, S3.—OF. louer, loër, loder, laudar; Lat. laudare. Cf. Laude.
Lowe, sb. flame, Prompt., Cath., PP, WA.—Icel. log. Cf. Leye.
Lowe, adj. low, lowly, humble, S, PP; see Louh.
Lowe, v. refl. to humble oneself, PP, W; lowed, pt. s. stooped, PP.
Lowe, 2 pt. s. toldest lies, PP; lowen vpon, pp. lied against, PP; see Lyȝen.
Lowen, v. to low, bellow, W2 (Job 6. 5); loowes, pr. s., S3.—AS. hlówan.
Lowne, adj. serene, calm, S3, JD; sheltered, HD; loun, JD.—Icel. logn, a calm.
Lownyt, pp. sheltered, B.
Loȝ, sb. sea, lake, S2; see Loghe.
Luce, sb. a fish, a pike, C, CM, Voc., Prompt., ND.—OF. luz (Bartsch).
Lud, adj. loud, S; lude, adv. S; see Loud.
Lud, sb. sound, voice, S2; lude, dat., SD; luden, pl., SD.—AS. hlýd, ge-hlýd; cp. OHG. lútí (Otfrid).
Lud, sb. person, S2; ludes, pl., tenements, S2; see Leod.
Ludene, sb. voice, PP; see Leden, sb.
Lufe, sb. love, S, WA; luf, H; luue, S, loue, PP. Comb.: loue-day, a day for the settlement of disputes by arbitration, S2, PP; loue-drury, affection, C2; luue-eie, reverence, S; loue-longinge, desire, fond affection, C2, S2; luf-reden, good-will, S2; lufredyn, H (AS. lufrǽden); luue-wurðe, loveworthy, S.—AS. lufu.
Lufli, adj. lovely, H; luuelich, loving, lovely, S; louelokest, superl., S2; luueliche, adv., S.—AS. luflic, adv. luflice.
140Lufsum, adj. loveable, pleasant, S, SD; lossom, S2.—AS. lufsum.
Lufsumliche, adv. pleasantly, S.—AS. lufsumlice.
Luft, adj. left, S, S2, PP; see Lyft.
Luft, sb. a weak creature, worthless fellow, PP; lift, HD. See above.
Lugen, v. to drift about (on the waves), S2; luggid, pp., pulled about, PP.
Lugit, pp. lodged, S3; see Loggen.
Luke, v. to look, S3; see Loken.
Lumpen, pp. befallen, S2; see Limpen.
Lunarie, sb. moon-wort, C3; lunary, HD.—OF. lunaire; Late Lat. lunaria.
Lure, sb. a bait, enticement, C3, HD.—OF. loerre, (now leurre); MHG. luoder, a bait (now luder).
Lure, sb. loss, S; lere, SD; lire, SD.—AS. lyre. See Lesen.
Luren, v. to lower, to look sullen, S; loure, S2, S3, PP; lowren, PP.
Luring, sb. a looking sullen, S.
Lurken, v. to lurk, PP; lorken, PP; lurkand, pr. p., S2; lorked, pt. s., S2.
Lurking, sb. hiding-place, S2.
Lust, sb. desire, inclination, pleasure, PP, S, S2, S3, H; lest, C2; hleste, S; lostes, pl., S2; lustis, W.—AS. lust.
Lust, sb. the sense of hearing, S.—AS. hlyst: Icel. hlust, the ear.
Lusten, v. to give ear, to list, S, PP; listen, S; hlesten, S; lhesten, S2; letsen, S2, S.—AS. hlystan; cp. Icel. hlusta.
Lusten, v. to desire, S, S3; lyst, 1 pr. s., S3; lust, pr. s. impers., it pleases him, S, PP; list, S2, S3, C2, PP; lest, PP; liste, pr. s. subj., it may please, S; leste, S, S3, C2, PP; luste, pt. s. impers., S, S2; liste, S2, S3, C2; leste, C2.—AS. lystan.
Lustiheed, sb. pleasure, C2.
Lustinesse, sb. pleasantness, S3.
Lustnen, v. to listen, S; lestenen, G; listnede, pt. s., S; lestned, S2.
Lusty, adj. pleasant, S3, C2, C3, PP; lusti, joyful, S.
Lutby, sb. paramour, H; see Loteby.
Lute, adj. little, S; see Lyte.
Lutel, adj. little, S, S2; see Lytel.
Luten, v. to stoop; see Louten.
Luðer, adj. bad, false, treacherous, S, PP, S2; lyðer, PP, H; liðer, PP, S2; liðere, S, H; leoðre, S.—AS. lyðre.
Luðerliche, adv. vilely, S.
Lutlin, v. to diminish, S; lutlen, S; liteled, pt. s., S2.—AS. lytlian. See Lytel.
Lycorys, sb. liquorice, C2; lycoresse, Cath.—AF. lycorys; Late Lat. liquiritia, glycyrrhiza; Gr. γλυκύῤῥιζα, lit. ‘sweet root.’
Lyf, sb. life, S, S2; lifue, S; liues, gen. as adv., alive, S; lyues, S, C2; liue, dat., S, S2; lyue, S. Phr.: bring o liue, to kill, S2 (7. 198); on lyue, alive, S, C2; his lyf, during his life, C2.—AS. líf.
Lyf, sb. a living person, a man, PP; lif, S2; lyfe, WA.
Lyf-day, sb. life-time, PP; lif-daȝe, dat., S; lyfe-days, pl., WA.—AS. líf-dæg.
Lyflode, sb. way of life, mode of life, S2, PP; liflode, S, W; means of living, PP; lijflode, W2; lyuelade, victus, Cath.; liuelod, S3; lyuelode, W.—AS. líf + lád, a course, provisions.
Lyfly, adv. in a lively manner, S3.
Lyft, adj. left, PP, S2; luft, S, PP, S2; lift, S, PP, S2; left, SkD. Comb.: lift-half, left side, W2; luft-hond, left hand, PP.—AS. lyft, weak; cp. ODu. luft, ‘laevus.’
Lyft, sb. air, sky, PP, S3; lift, HD, S2, H; lyfte, S2; lufte, dat., S; lifte, S2; lyfte, S2.—AS. lyft; cp. OS. luft, OHG. luft, Goth. luftus. Cf. Loft.
Lyften, v. to lift, shift, raise, PP; lyftande, pr. p., S2; lyft, pt. s., PP.—Icel. lypta. See Loft.
Lyik, adj. like, W2; see Liche.
Lyke-waik; see Lich.
Lykhame, sb. body, PP; see Lichame.
Lym, sb. lime, calx, S2, C3; lyme, Voc. Comb.: lym-rod, a limed rod, C2; lym-ȝerde, a limed twig, S3.—AS. lím.
Lymaille, sb. file-dust, C3; lymail, C3.—OF. limaille, from limer, to file; Lat. limare.
Lymit, sb. limit, WA.—OF. limite; Lat. limitem (acc.).
Lymytour, sb. a friar licensed to ask alms within a certain limit, PP, C, CM; limitator, Cath.; limitour, PP.—OF. limiteur (Cotg.); Church Lat. limitatorem (Cath.).
Lynage, sb. lineage, descent, parentage, PP, S3, C2, W; linage, C2, C3; lynages, pl., tribes, S2; lynagis, W2.—AF. linage.
141Lynde, sb. linden-tree, HD, Voc., C2, C; linde, S.—AS. lind, ‘tilia’ (Voc.).
Lyne, sb. cord, net, PP, S; line, S; lynes, pl., snares for birds, PP; lines, PP.—AF. line; Lat. linea.
Lynt-quhite, sb. linnet, S3, JD; lint-white, lark, HD.—Cp. AS. línet-wige, ‘carduelis’ (Voc.), ‘fronulus’ (Voc.), linet-uigle, ‘fronulus’ (Voc.).
Lyp, sb. lip, Voc.; lyppe, Voc., Cath.; lippe, pl., S; lippes, PP. Comb.: lyp-labour, lip-labour, recitation of prayers, S3.—OFris. lippa (= lip-j-a); cp. Lat. labium; see Brugmann, § 337.
Lype, sb. leap, S2.—AS. hlýp (Voc.). See Lepen.
Lypp, sb. rennet, runnet, Voc. (666. 17); lepe, Voc. (703. 44); leb, Voc. (591. 15). See Loop.
Lyre, sb. the muscle of the thigh, Cath.; lere, C2; leer, the flank, HD.—AS. lira, ‘pulpa, viscum, caro’ (Voc.); cp. Icel. lær.
Lysure, sb. list, edge of cloth, Prompt.; lisure, PP; lysour, PP; lyser, PP.—OF. lisiere (for listiere). See Liste.
Lyte, adj. little, PP, S2, S3; lute, S; lite, S2, C2; lut, S; lyt, C3; lit, S; luyte, S2; lyte, adv., PP, C2, C3; lite, PP; lute, S2.—AS. lyt: OS. lut.
Lytel, adj. little, PP; lutel, S, S2; litel, S2, C2; luitel, PP; luytel, PP; lutel, adv., S, S2; litel, S; litl, S.—AS. lytel; cp. OS. luttil, OHG. luzil (Otfrid).
Lyth, sb. property; lythe, dat., HD. Phr.: loud and lith, PP. Notes (p. 326); lond ne lith, HD.—Cp. Icel. lýðr, the common people; lýð-skylda, the homage of a liegeman to his lord. Cf. Leod.
Lyðen, v. to listen, S, PP, HD; lithen, PP; liðe, S; liðeð, imp. pl., S, G; lytheth, G.—Icel. hlýða, from hljóð, hearing, what is heard, a sound. See Lowd.
Lyðer, adj. bad, H, PP; liðer, S2, PP; see Luðer.
Lyverè, sb. something delivered to a dependent, livery, C; lyverey (of cloth or other gifts), liberata, Prompt., G; lyveray, corrodium, Cath.; levere, B.—AF. liveree, delivery, livery; Late Lat. liberata (Cath.).
Lyȝen, v. to lie, tell lies, S2, PP; liȝen, S; lihen, to deceive, S; lye, S; lyte, PP; ligen, S; lixt, 2 pr. s., PP, G; lixte, PP; leȝheþþ, pr. s. S; lihð, PP, S2; lith, PP; lyȝeð, S2; lowe, 2 pt. s., PP; lyȝede, pt. s. (weak), PP; lighed, pl. (weak), S2; luȝen, pl., S; lowen, pp., concealed by lying, S; lowen vpon, lied against, PP; i-loȝe, lied, S.—AS. léogan, pt. léag (pl. lugon), pp. logen.
Lyȝere, sb. liar, S2, PP; leghere, H; liȝere, PP, S; lyȝers, pl., S2.—AS. léogere.
Lyȝte, pt. s. alighted, PP; lyȝt, pp., S2; see Lighte.
M, the first letter of master or mastership, S3.
Mace, sb. mace, club, PP, Cath., Voc.; sceptrum, ND, Manip.; mas, pl., B; masis, B; macyss, B.—AF. mace (F. masse); cp. Low Lat. massa (Ducange); It. mazza; Late Lat. matia; Lat. *matea (found in mateola); see Diez.
Macer, sb. mace-bearer (in court of justice); maceres, pl., PP.
Macull, sb. stain, S3. Lat. macula.
Mad, adj. mad, foolish, PP; maad, SD; made, Cath.; mad, sb., a mad person, S2; madde, pl., PP.
Mad, pp. made, S, C, G; see Maken.
Madden, v. to be mad, PP; maddith, pr. s., W; maddist 2 pr. s., W; maddid, pt. s., maddened, PP; pp. W.
Mæi, sb. kinsman, S; mai, S; mey, S; may, a person, S2.—AS. mǽg (pl. mágas): Goth. mēgs; see Sievers, 17. Cf. May.
Mæi, pr. s. may, can, S; mai, S; may, S2; maig, S; maiȝ, S; mei, S; mey, S2; maȝie, maȝȝ, S; maht, 2 pr. s., S; mahht, S; miȝt, S; miht, S, S2; mihht, S; myht, S, S2; maȝen, pl., S; mahen, S; mahe, S; mawe, S; mowen, S; mo, S; mowe, S, S3, C; muge, S; muhe, S; muee, S; mwue, S; muwen, S; muȝen, S; muȝhenn, S; muȝe, S; moun, S, W; mouwen, S; mown, S2; moȝe, S2; mow, P; y-may, S3. Comb.: maistow, mayest thou, S3.—AS. mæg, I 142 can, 2 pr. s., meaht, miht, pl. magon, opt. mæge, mage, muge, pl. mahan, mugon. See Sievers, 424.
Mæsse-dæi, sb. mass-day, S; see Messe.
Mahoun, sb. Mahomet, S2; Mahounde, HD.—OF. Mahom, Mahoms, also Mahum, Mahumet (Roland); Arab. Muhammed, ‘the praised’ Cf. Maumet.
Maht; see Mei.
Mahte, pt. s. might, S; mihte, S; michte, S; migte, S; micte, S; myhte, S; moucte, S; muhte, S; miȝte, S2; mught, S2, H; myȝte, S2; mought, S3, H; mocht, pl., S2; moght, S2. Comb.: mihti (for mihte hi), might they, S; mihti (for miht I), might I, S2; maihtou, mightest thou, PP.—AS. meahte, mihte, pt. s. of mæg, I can. See Mæi.
Maille, sb. mail-armour, C2; maylle, Cath.; male, S3, Cath.; mayles, pl., SkD.—OF. maille Lat. macula. See Macull.
Make, sb. mate, spouse, S, S2, S3, C, C2, P, Prompt.; makes, pl., S2; makez, S2; makys, S3.—AS. (ge)maca.
Maken, v. to make, cause, build, compose, write, PP, S; makien, S; macien, S; makye, S2; mak, S2; ma, S2, B; mais, pr. s., B, S2; mas, S2; mais, pl., B; makede, pt. s., S; machede, S; makked, pl., S2; maden, S, PP; maked, pp., PP, S, C; maad, C, PP; mad, S, C, G; y-maked, S2, C2; y-maad, S2, C2; y-mad, S2; i-maked, S; i-maket, S2; i-made, P; i-mad, G; hi-makede, S.—AS. macian; cp. OHG. machón (Otfrid).
Maker, sb. maker, writer, author, SkD, Cath., ND; makyere, S2.
Male, sb. bag, portmanteau, mail, C, C3, Prompt., Cath.; males, pl., P.—OF. male (Cotg.); cp. Low Lat. mala (Ducange).
Malencolye, sb. melancholy, PP; malencolie, C, Prompt.; malicoly, WA.—OF. melancolie.
Malencolyk, adj. melancholy, C.—OF. melancolique.
Malengine, sb. wicked artifice, HD; malengyne, malice, evil disposition, S3.—AF. malengin, fraud, ill-meaning; engin, deceit, treachery (Bartsch).
Malese, sb. sickness, PP; male ese, W; male ess, B.—OF. malaise (Cotg.).
Malice, sb. evil, W.—AF. malice; Lat. malitia.
Malisun, sb. malediction, S, H, ND; malisoun, C3.—OF. malison, maleiceon, maldeceon, maldisson (Ps. 108. 17); Lat. maledictionem.
Malliable, adj. malleable, C3.—OF. malleable, pliant to the hammer, hammerable (Cotg.).
Mamelek, sb. a mameluke, S3.—Arab. mamlûk, a slave, a possession, from malaka, he possessed; cp. It. mamalúcco (Florio).
Mamely, v. to mumble, P; see Momelen.
Man, 1 pr. s. I must, SD; 2 pr. pl., S2, B; see Mon.
Man, sb. man, any one, S; husband, W; mann, S; men, S2; mon, S, S2; manne, dat., S; me, S, S2, S3, W; mæn, pl., S; mænn, S; mannen, gen., S; manne, S2; mannen, manne; dat., S; menne, S. Comb.: manhed(e), manhood, S2, C; manheid, S2; mankin, mankind, S; mon-kin, S; moncun, S; man-ken, S; man-kunne, S; mon-kunne, S; man-qualm, pestilence, H; man-quellere, murderer, executioner, S2, S3, W, W2; mon-quellere, S; man-red(e), homage, S; man-scipe, homage, honour, S; mon-slaȝe, man-slayer, S; man-slecht, man-slaughter, S; man-sleiht, S; man-sleere, murderer, W2; mon-þewes, the morality of a grown up man, S.—AS. man.
Manace, sb. threat, C, SkD; manas, S2, WA, SkD; manauce, B; manassis, manaasis, pl., W.—OF. manace; Lat. minacia; see Constans.
Manacen, v. to threaten, C2, PP; manasside, pt. s., S2, W; manaasside, W2; manausyt, B.—OF. menacer.
Manasyng, sb. threatening, C, B.
Man-að, sb. perjury, SD; manaðas, pl., S.—AS. mán-áð; cp. Icel. mein-eiðr. AS. mán, wicked, wickedness; cp. Icel. meinn, base, mein, harm.
Manciple, sb. purveyor, S; see Maunciple.
Manden, v. to send forth, to command, S2.—OF. mander; Lat. mandare.
Mandragora, sb. mandrake, ND; mandrogoris, pl., W2.—OF. mandragore (Cotg.); Lat. mandragora (Vulg.).
Mandrak, sb. mandrake, Voc.; mandragge, Prompt.; mandrage, Cath.
Mane, sb. complaint, S2; see Mone.
Maner, sb. manor, PP; manere, P, Voc.; manoir, PP; maners, pl., farms, possessions, W; maneres, P.—AF. manere, 143 maner, manoir; Late Lat. manerium (Ducange).
Manere, sb. a kind, sort, also manner, custom, S, S2, C, P; maneir, S2; maner, S3, C, P; measure, moderation, W; maners, pl., S2. Phr.: of manere, in his behaviour, C2; maner doctrine, kind of doctrine, C2; maner thing, maner sergeant, maner wyse, maner wyght, C2.—AF. manere; Late Lat. maneria, a kind, species (Ducange).
Mangen, Mangerie; see Maungen, Maungerye.
Manicle, sb. manacle, Cotg.; manycle, Prompt.; manakelle, Cath.; manykils, pl., H.—AF. manicle; Lat. manicula, dimin. of manica, glove, handcuff.
Maniple, sb. a scarf-like ornament worn about the left wrist of a sacrificing priest (Cotg.).—OF. manople (Cotg.).
Manke, sb. mancus, a piece of money, S; Low Lat. mancus (Ducange).
Manliche, adj. humane, P; manly, adv., boldly, S2, G; monluker, comp., S.
Mansed, pp. excommunicated, cursed, P; mousede, PP.—For amansed; AS. amánsed. See Amansien.
Mansion, sb. mansion (a term in astrology), C2.—AF. mansion; Late Lat. mansionem.
Mantel, sb. mantle, S; mentil, W2.—AF. mantel.
Mantelet, sb. a little mantle, C.—OF. mantelet (Cotg.).
Mantled, pp. covered, adorned with flowers, S3; i-mantlet, mantled, S.
Manye, adj. many, PP; manige, S; maniȝe, S; manie, mani, S; moni, S, S2; mony, S. Comb.: manifeald, manifold, S; manifald, S; manigefold, S; monifald, moniuold, S; manifældlice, manifold, S; monyvolde, S2; monimon, S2; monion, S2; maniȝ-whatt, many a subject, S; manywhat, S2.—AS. manig.
Marchaundise, sb. merchandise, traffic, PP; marchaundye, S2.—AF. marchaundise.
Marchaunt, sb. merchant, PP; marchantz, pl., S2; marchans, PP.—AF. marchant, merchaunt, OF. marchëant, marcëant (Bartsch); Late Lat. mercatantem, see Brachet.
Marche, sb. the month of March, Prompt.; mershe, S2.—Late Lat. marcius (Prompt.); Lat. martius, the month of Mars.
Marche, sb. a border of a territory, district, province, PP, Cath. Comb.: march-parti, border-country, S3.—AF. marche.
Marchen, v. to border, SD; marcheth to, borders on, S2.
Marchen, v. to march, go, PP.—OF. marcher (Cotg.).
Mare, adj. comp. greater, S; see More.
Marewe, sb. morning, S2; see Morwe.
Margarite, sb. pearl, Cath., W, W2; margrite, WA; margery, Prompt.; margaritis, pl., W. Comb.: margery(e)-perles, pearls, S2, PP, Palsg.—Lat. margarita (Vulg.); Gr. μαργαρίτης.
Marie, v. to give in marriage, PP; marieden, pt. pl., were married, PP; maried, PP; y-maried, PP.—OF. marier; Lat. maritare.
Marie, inter. marry! i.e. by S. Mary! C3; mari, PP.
Mark, sb. a coin, Prompt., C3, PP; marke, PP; mark, pl., C3; marc, S3.—AF. marc; cp. Low Lat. marca (Ducange).
Markis, sb. marquis, C2.—AF. marchis; Low Lat. marchensis, the governor of the marches or frontiers. See Marche.
Markisesse, sb. marchioness, C2.
Marle, sb. marl, creta, Cath., Voc.; marle, marga, Manip.; marl, chalk, Prompt.—OF. marle (mod. marne); Late Lat. margila; dimin. of marga (Pliny).
Marl-pytte, sb. chalk-pit, Prompt.
Marlyd, adj. cretatus, Prompt.; y-marled, S2.
Marschal, sb. marshal, steward, C, PP; marchal, PP; marschall, B; marschalle, Cath.; mareschal, PP.—AF. mareschal (marchal); Low Lat. mariscalcus; OHG. maraschalh, a horse-servant; OHG. marah + OHG. schalh: Goth. skalks. See Mere.
Martre, sb. marten, a kind of weasel. SkD.—OF. martre. Cf. Merð.
The form Merð does not occur in the Dictionary. The entries for Ful-mard and Methes-chele both give mearð as the AS. root.
Martrik, sb. marten, S3; mertrik, JD.
Martryn, sb. marten’s fur, HD; marterns, pl., HD; marterons, HD; matrons, HD.
Martyr, sb. martyr, Cath.—AF. martir; Church Lat. martyr (Vulg.); Gr. μάρτυρ.
Martyr, v. to torment, Cath.; martyre, C.—AF. martirer.
Martyrdome, sb. torment, martyrdom, Cath.; martirdam, C.
Mary, sb. marrow, C, C3, Prompt., Cath. (n); marghe, Cath.; mergh, H; 144 merghe, Cath. (n), H; marȝ, Cath. (n); merowȝ, W2; merowis, pl., W2.—AS. mearh.
Maschen, v. to mash, beat into a confused mass; maschyn (in brewing), Prompt.; meshe, S.—Cp. MHG. meisch; see Kluge.
Mase, sb. maze, confusion, a wild fancy, confused throng, P, S2, C.
Mased, pp. confused, bewildered, WA, PP, S2, C3.
Masednesse, sb. amaze, C2.
Maseliche, adv. confusedly, SkD (s.v. maze).
Maselin, sb. a kind of drinking-cup, sometimes made of maslin, HD; maselyn, C2. See Mestling.
Massage, sb. message, S3; see Message.
Masse, sb. mass, P; see Messe.
Mastilȝon, sb. mixtilio, a mixture of wheat and rye, Cath.; mastlyone, HD (s.v. maslin); mastline, ND; mestlyone, mixtilio, Prompt.—Late Lat. mestillionem, mistilionem, mestilonem, see Ducange (s.v. mixtum), also mixtilionem (Voc.); cp. OF. mesteil (meteil in Cotg.). Cp. Mestling.
Mat, pt. s. measured, W; see Meten.
Mate, adj. defeated utterly, confounded, exhausted, dispirited, B, SkD; mat, C3; maat, C, S3.—OF. mat; Arab. mât, dead (used in chess).
Mate, sb. checkmate, S3.
Maten, v. to checkmate, defeat, confound, S3, HD; matyn, Prompt.—OF. mater.
Matere, sb. material, stuff, matter, subject, S2, C, C2, C3, PP; mater, PP; mateere, C, PP; matiere, S2; materie, S2.—OF. matere; Lat. materia.
Maðelen, v. to talk, S.—AS. maðelian, to harangue, from mæðel, council, meeting; cp. Goth. mathljan, to speak, from mathl, a meeting-place, market, also Icel. mæla, from mál; herewith is connected Low Lat. mallum, parliament.
Maðem, sb. treasure, SD; madmes, pl., S.—AS. máðum (mádm).
Matrimoyne, sb. matrimony, C; matermoyn, H.—AF. matrimonie; Lat. matrimonium.
Maugre, prep. in spite of, S2, S3, C, C2; maugree, S2; mawgre, C; mawgreith, PP.—OF. maugre (F. malgré); Lat. malum + gratum.
Maugre, sb. illwill, PP; mawgre, S2, P; mawgry, Cath.; magger, S3. Phr.: in the magger of, in spite of, S3; addylle mawgry, demeritare, Cath.
Maumet, sb. idol, puppet, doll, ND, S2, PP; mawmet, W, H; mawment, Prompt., Cath.; mawmez, mawmex, pl., S; maumettis, W; maumetys, mawmetis, pl., H; mammets, Sh.—OF. mahumet idol, also Muhammed. See Mahoun.
Maumettrie, sb. idolatry, Mahometanism, S2; maumettrye, C3; mawmetry, H; mawmetrye, PP; mawmentrye, Prompt.; maumentry, WA.
Maunciple, sb. purveyor, C, C3; manciple, S.—OF. mancipe: OIt. mancipio, slave, vassal, bailiff, manciple; Lat. mancipium, slave, properly possession, property. For the intrusive l, see Cronicle.
Maundee, sb. maundy, the washing of the disciples’ feet, PP.—OF. mandé; Church Lat. mandatum, the foot-washing (Ducange); Lat. mandatum, something commanded. See Manden.
Maundement, sb. commandment, W, PP; maundemens, pl., S2.—OF. mandement (Cotg.).
Maungen, v. to eat, PP; maunged, pp., P; i-maunget, S2; manged, PP.—OF. mangier; Lat. manducare.
Maungerye, sb. a feast, PP; mangerie, PP; mangerye, G.—AF. mangerie.
Mavis, sb. the thrush, Cotg.; mavice, Prompt.; mavys, Palsg.; mavyss, S3.—OF. mauvis (Cotg.); cp. It. maluíccio (Florio).
Mawe, sb. maw, stomach, C2, C3, W2, PP; maw, PP; maghe (= vulva), H.—AS. maga (Voc.).
Mawe, Mayct; see Mæi.
May, sb. the month of May, PP; mey, S2.—OF. mai; Lat. maius.
May, sb. a virgin, S2, S3, C3, PP, JD.—AS. mǽg, ‘(cognata) femina, virgo;’ see Grein. Cf. Mæi.
May, pr. s. may, can, S2; see Mæi.
May, adj. comp. pl. more in number, B; see Mo.
Mayde, sb. maid, PP, SkD; maide, PP, S; meide, S; mede, S.
Mayden, sb. maiden, PP; maydene, PP; meiden, S, SkD; mæiden, S; maydenes, pl., bachelors and spinsters, PP; maidenes, S; maydnes, S.—AS. mæden (Voc.), mægden (Grein).
145Maydenhod(e), sb. virginity, PP, C; maydenhede, C3; meidenhed, SkD.
Mayn, sb. strength, S3, G, PP, B; main, S: mane, B.—AS. mægen; cp. Icel. megin.
Mayne, sb. a company, S2; mayny, S2; see Meyne.
Maynful, adj. powerful, SD; meinfule, S.
Mayre, sb. mayor, PP; maire, PP; meyr, Prompt.; maires, pl., P; meires, S2, PP; meyris, chief justices, W.—AF. meyre, metre, meir, maire; Lat. maiorem, greater.
Mayster, sb. master, S, C, S2; maystyr, Prompt.; maister, S, C, C2, S2; maistre, P; meister, S; mistres, pl., S2, G, P; maistris, W2.—OF. maistre; Lat. magistrum.
Mayster, adj. chief; maister, C, C2; leister, S.—OF. maistre.
Maysterful, adj. powerful; maistirful, W.
Maystresse, sb. mistress, Prompt.; maistresse, S2, C2.—OF. maistresse (Cotg.).
Maystrye, sb. mastery, Prompt., PP, S2; maistri(e), S2, W2; maistry, S3; Maistre, C; meystry, S2; mastry, B.—OF. maistrie.
Me, conj. but, S, SD.—Cp. OLG. men.
Me, pron. indef. a man, one, people, PP, G, S2, S3, W; see Men.
Mearren, v. to mar, S; see Merren.
Mebles, sb. pl. moveable property, PP; see Mobyle.
Mede, sb. mead (the drink), C2, Prompt.; methe, SkD; meth, CM.—AS. meodu (see Sievers, 106); cp. μέθυ.
Mede, sb. mead, meadow, S, C, PP; medewe, Prompt. Comb.: medwe-grene, green as a meadow, S2.—AS. mæd (pl. mædwa); see Sievers, 259.
Mede, sb. reward, bribery, S, S2, S3, W2, P; meede, S2, G; meed, S3; meede, C, W. Comb.: med-ȝierne, yearning for reward, S; medyorne, S.—AS. méd: OMerc. meord (OET): Goth. mizdo; see Sievers, 181.
Meden, v. to reward, PP, Prompt.
Medlee, adj. mixed in colour, C; medle, Prompt.—OF. medle, mesle. Cf. Melle.
Medlen, v. to mix, Prompt., C3, W2, W; mell, S3; melland, pr. p., B; melles, pr. s., H; mellede, pt. s., S2; mellid, PP; mellit, pp., S3; y-melled, S2; y-medled, S3.—OF. medler, mesler; Late Lat. misculare, from miscere.
Medlynge, sb. mixture, joining; meddlynge, W, W2; mellyng, mingling, fighting, S2.
Medwe-grene, adj. green as a meadow, S2; see Mede.
Meel, sb. a stated time, meal, C, C3; mel, S; mele, pl., meal-times, S; meeles, S2, PP; meles, PP.—AS. mǽl: Goth. mēl; see Sievers, 17.
Meiden, sb. maiden, S; see Mayden.
Meined, pp. mixed, S2; meint, S3; see Mengen.
Meinfule, adj. powerful, S; see Maynful.
Meire, sb. mayor, S2; see Mayre.
Meister, adj. chief, S; see Mayster.
Meister, sb. master, S; see Mayster.
Meistre, sb. mistress, S.
Meistren, v. to be master of, S.
Meið-had, sb. virginity; meiðhades, gen., S.—AS. mægðháð, from mægð, virgin, woman: Goth. magaths; see Sievers, 49.
Meke, adj. meek, C, C2, Prompt.; meoc, S.—Icel. mjúkr, soft.
Mekely, adv. meekly, Prompt.; mekly, S2; meocliȝ, S.
Meken, v. to render meek, to humble, S2, S3, W, W2, P, Prompt.
Mekenesse, sb. softness, clemency, Prompt.; meknes, S2; meocnesse S.
Mekil, adj. much, S3; see Mochel.
Melden, v. to show, SD; meld, to accuse, S2.—AS. meldian (Voc.); cp. OHG. meldôn (Otfrid).
Mele, sb. meal, ground corn, S, PP.—AS. meolu (Sievers, 249); cp. OHG. melo (Tatian).
Melen, v. to speak, to converse, PP, S2, WA; melleth, pr. s., P; mellud, pt. s., P.—AS. (ge)mǽlan.
Mell, v. to mix, mingle, meddle, fight with, B, S3, H, WA; see Medlen.
Mellè, sb. an affray, contest, medley, B.—OF. mellee, meslee. Cf. Medlee.
Mellere, sb. miller, C; see Mylnere.
Mel-stan, sb. mill-stone, S; see Mylle.
Melten, v. to melt, PP; molte, pt. s., S3.—AS. meltan, pt. s. mealt (mált), pl. multon, pp. molten.
146Membre, sb. member, limb, PP.—AF. membre; Lat. membrum.
Men, pron. indef. a man, one, people, PP, S2; me, S. See Man.
Mene, adj. common, poor, mean, PP, S3; meane, S.—AS. (ge)mǽne, common.
Mene, adj. mean, middle, S2, C3; meyne, Cath. Comb.: menewhile, meanwhile, S2; menewhiles, S2.—AF. mene; OF. meiain (F. moyen); Lat. medianum.
Mene, sb. a mean, mediator, PP, HD; meane, S3; menes, pl., means, S2, C3, P. See above.
Menen, v. to mean, signify, to intend, PP, S, CM, S2, WA.
Menen, v. to remember, H, HD; meyne, B.
Menen, v. to complain, lament, bemoan, S2, PP, WA; meyne, B; menys, pr. s., S3; menyt, pt. s., S2; ment S2.—AS. mǽnan, to make moan, complain. See Mone.
Mengen, v. to commemorate, mention, remember, PP, WA; munge, PP; minegen, S; mengen here, v. refl. to remember herself, reflect, PP.—AS. (ge)mynegian, to remember, remind.
Mengen, v. to mix, PP, H, S2; mingen, S3; myngen, W; myngide, pt. s., W; meynde, S; mæingde, S; i-mengd, pp., S; meynd, S, S2, W; meined, S2; meint, S3; meynt, S3; ment, S3; y-mengd, S2; y-meynd, C; i-meind, S.—AS. (ge)mengan.
Mennesse, sb. communion, fellowship, S2. See Mene.
Mennisc, adj. humanus, SD; mannish, man-like, C3.—AS. mennisc, mannish, human; cp. Icel. mennskr.
Mennisscleȝȝc, sb. humanity, S.
Mennisscnesse, sb. humanity, S.
Menske, sb. honour, dignity among men, S, S2, HD; mensk, S2, B; mensc, favour, S2.—Icel. mennska, humanity.
Menskelye, adv. worthily, reverently, S2; menskly, B.
Mensken, v. to honour, S, HD, S2, P.
Menskful, adj. worshipful, noble, S2.
Menskfully, adv. honourably, B.
Menstralcye, sb. minstrelsy, C; see Mynstralcie.
Ment; see Menen (3) and Mengen.
Mentil, sb. mantle, W2; see Mantel.
Menusen, v. to minish, make less, SkD, WW, CM; minyshe, S3.—AF. menuser, OF. menuisier; Late Lat. minutiare, from minutus, lessened.
Menynge, sb. meaning, signification, intention, PP.
Menyng(e), sb. remembrance, mention, H.
Menyng(e), sb. complaining, PP.
Menȝe, a company, S2; menȝhe, S2; see Meyne.
Meobles, sb. pl., moveable property, PP; see Mobyle.
Meocleȝȝc, sb. meekness, S.—Icel. mjúkleikr, nimbleness.
Meocnesse, sb. meekness, S; see Mekenesse.
Mercy, sb. mercy, Prompt.; merci, S; mercy, (your) pardon, P.—AF. merci, OF. mercid; Late Lat. mercedem, a gratuity, pity, mercy; in Lat. pay, reward.
Mercyable, adj. merciful, C2, PP.
Mercyen, v. to thank, PP, S2; mercien, to amerce, fine, PP.—OF. mercier, to thank.
Mercyment, sb. amercement, fine, P, Prompt., Cath.—Late Lat. merciamentum.
Mere, adj. famous, S; mare, S.—AS. mǽre (mére): Goth. mērs; see Fick (7. 233), and Sievers, 17.
Mere, sb. a mare, S2, C, Cath.; meere, Prompt.—AS. mere, f. of mearh, horse; cp. OIr. marc.
Mere, sb. limit, boundary, S2; meer, Prompt. Comb.: mere-stane, boundary stone, Cath.—AS. (ge)mǽre.
Mere, sb. sea, a mere, Prompt., WA. Comb.: mere-mayd, mermaid, siren, CM; mermayde, C; mere-swin, porpoise, SD; mersuine, pl., S2.—AS. mere, sea, lake: OHG. mari; cp. Goth. marei.
Merels, sb. pl. merelles, or nine men’s morris, S3.—OF. merelles (Cotg.); merel (Ducange); cp. Low Lat. merellus, merallus, a counter, token, a piece in draughts (Ducange); see Brachet.
Merghe, sb. marrow, H, Cath. (n); see Mary.
Merghid, pp. full of marrow, H.
Meridional, adj. southern, C2.—OF. meridional (Cotg.). From Lat. meridies, midday.
Merke, adj. dark, mirk, murky, PP, CM, S2, H; mirke, S, S2, H; myrk, S2, H; merk, PP; meerk, PP.—AS. myrce, mirce, murc; cp. Icel. myrkr, Dan. mörk.
147Merke, sb. darkness, PP.
Merkenesse, sb. darkness, PP; mirkenes, S2, H; myrknes, S2, H.
Merle, sb. blackbird, S3, ND.—OF. merle (Cotg.); Lat. merula.
Merling, sb. the whiting, S2, Manip., Cotg.; merlynge, Prompt.—OF. merlan (Cotg.), from Lat. merula (cp. Late Lat. merula in Voc. 642. 13).
Merlion, sb. merlin, a small hawk, CM; merlyone, Prompt.; marlin, Cotg.—OF. esmerillon (Cotg.), dimin. of *esmerle; cp. It. smerlo (Florio), G. schmerl.
Mermayde, sb. mermaid, C; see Mere, sb. (3).
Merren, v. to mar, S; mearren, S; marre, PP; merrið, pr. pl., S.—AS. merran (in compounds): OS. merrian, to hinder: OHG. marrjan: Goth. marzjan.
Mersche, sb. marsh, SkD; mershe, dat., S.—AS. mersc.
Mershe, sb. March, S2; see Marche.
Mersuine, sb. pl. porpoises, S2; see Mere, sb. (3).
Merthe, sb. mirth, PP; see Murthe.
Merueile, sb. marvel, wonder, PP; merueyle, S2; meruaille, C2; mervaylle, C.—OF. merveille; Lat. mirabilia (n. pl.).
Merueillous(e), adj. marvellous, C2, PP.—OF. merveillos.
Mery, adj. merry, cheerful, pleasant, PP; merie, S, C, C2; merye, W2; miri, S; mirye, CM; myry, Prompt.; myrie, W2; muri(e), S, C; merie, adv., S2, C2; muryer, comp., P; myriest, superl., S2, Comb.: merimake, merrymaking, S3; merie men, followers, C2; myry tottyr, a merry totter, swing, Prompt.; myry weder, pleasant weather, Prompt.; mery weder, Prompt. (n), Bardsley (p. 473).—AS. merg (Grein).
Mes-, prefix; mis-; mys-.—OF. mes-; Lat. minus, see Constans.
Mesauentur, sb. misadventure, S; mesaunture, S2; misauenture, C2, C3.
Meschaunce, sb. mischance, S2, C, C2, P; myschaunce, S2.
Mescheuen, v. to come to mischief, SD; mischeefe, destruere, Manip.
Meschief, sb. ill-fortune, C; myschief, S2, P; mischiefe, flagitium, Manip.
Meseise, sb. discomfort, PP, S2; miseise, PP; myseise, PP, S2, W; myseese, W; myseyse, adj., uneasy, P; mesaise, sb., S.
Meseiste, sb. poverty; myseiste, W2.
Mesel, sb. leper, CM, PP, W.—AF. mesel; Late Lat. misellus, leper (Ducange), dimin. of Lat. miser, wretched.
Meselrye, sb. leprosy, Cath. (n); mesylery, Voc.—OF. mesellerie, leprosy (Ducange). See above.
Meson-deu, sb. hospital, PP; maisondewe, Cath. (n), HD; masyndewe, Cath.; mesondieux, pl., P.—OF. maison Dieu, hospital (Cotg.).
Message, sb. mission, message, messenger, S2, C3; massage, S3.—AF. message; Late Lat. missaticum (Brachet).
Messager, sb. messenger, S2, C, C2, C3, G, PP; masager, PP; messanger, PP.—AF. messager.
Messe, sb. mass, S, P; mess, S3; masse, P; messes, pl., P. Comb.: messe-bok, mass-book, S; messe-cos, mass-kiss, S; mæsse-dæi, mass-day, S; messe-gere, mass-gear, S; masse-peny, mass-fee, S3; massepans, pl., P.—AS. mæsse; Church Lat. missa.
Meste, adj. superl. greatest, chief, S, S2; meste, C2; see Most.
Mester, sb. art, trade, occupation, PP, C, CM; mestier, PP, HD; meister, S; meoster, S; myster, PP, B; mister, B; misteir, B. Phr.: mester men, sort of men, C.—OF. and AF. mester, mestier, occupation, business, need; Lat. ministerium, see Brachet (s.v. métier).
Mester, sb. need, want; mister, S2, B, HD, Cath.; myster, C, B; mysteir, S2; mystur, HD; mystir, B; mystere, HD, H. The same word as above, see NQ (6. 4. 161).
Mestling, sb. a kind of mixed metal, Cath. (p. 230, n. 3); masalyne, Cath.—AS. mæstling (mæstlinc, ‘auricalcos,’ Voc.). Cf. Maselin.
Mestling, sb. mixed corn, Cath. (p. 230, n. 3); mastlyn, HD; masslin, Cotg. (s.v. metail); maslin, HD; meslin, Prompt. (p. 335 n) Cotg. (s.v. tramois); messling, Cotg. Cf. Mastilȝon.
Mesurable, adj. moderate, C, C2, C3, P; mesurabul, S2.
Mesure, sb. measure, moderation, S2, C2, PP; mesur, S2, B; meosure, S.—AF. mesure; Lat. mensura.
Met, sb. measure, moderation, S; mete, dat., S; meete, S2.—AS. (ge)met. Cf. Meten.
Mete, adj. meet, fitting, close-fitting, S2, 148 S3, Prompt.—AS. mǽte, tight-fitting; cp. (ge)met, meet, fit, see SkD.
Mete, sb. food, a meal, feast, S, S2, C, W2, PP; meten, pl., S; meetis, W2. Comb.: mete-graces, graces at meat, S; mete-niðinges, meat-niggards, S.—AS. mete (OET): Goth. mats, from matjan, to eat; see Sievers, 263.
Metels, sb. dream, vision, PP; meteles, PP. See below.
Meten, v. to dream, CM, PP, S; meeten, S2, PP; mette, pt. s., C2, P; met, pp., C.—AS. mǽtan.
Meten, v. to paint, design, SD; metedd, pp., S.
Meten, v. to meet, PP; mette, pt. s., S.—AS. métan: OS. mótian. From AS. mót. See Moot.
Meten, v. to mete, measure, S2; meete, W2; mete, P; met, S2; meten, pr. pl., W; mat, pt. s., W.—AS. (ge)metan; cp. Goth. mitan, see Sievers, 19.
Mete-wand, sb. a measuring stick, WW.
Mete-yarde, sb. measuring-rod, S3, WW.
Meth, adj. mild, courteous, HD; methe, HD.
Meth, sb. moderation, mildness, S, S2, WA; meað, S; meþe, S2.—AS. mǽð, measure.
Methes-chele, sb. marten’s skin, S.—AS. mearð (Voc.).
Með-ful, adj. moderate, S.
Með-les, adj. immoderate; meþelez, S2.
Metrete, sb. measure, W.—Lat. metreta (Vulg.).
Metyng(e), sb. dreaming, PP; metinge, S.—AS. mǽting (Grein).
Metynge, sb. measuring, measure; metinge, S2.
Meuen, v. to move, suggest, PP; meued, pp., S3; see Mouen.
Mewe, sb. a coop for fowls, C, C2, Manip.; mue, SD.—OF. mue, a coop for fowls, the moulting of feathers (Cotg.). See below.
Mewen, v. to mew, moult, SkD, Cotg.—OF. muer (Cotg.); Lat. mutare, to change. Cf. Moutin.
Meyn, sb. intent, S3; mein, JD. See Menen.
Meyn, v. to remember, be mindful of, B; meyne, B; see Menen.
Meyne, v. to moan, lament, B; see Menen.
Meynè, sb. household, retinue, train, company, S2, S3, C, W, PP; meynee, C2, W2; meyny, S2; mayne, S2; mayny, S2, S3; meine, S2; menȝe, S2, H, Cath.; menȝhe, S2; meany, S3; meny, Prompt.; meynes, pl., W; meynees, W2; menȝes, menȝis, H.—OF. meisnee, maisnee; Low Lat. maisnada, *mansionata, from Lat. mansio.
Meyneal, adj. homely, W; of one’s household, W2; menyall, SkD; meyneals, sb. pl., they of the household, W2. See above.
Meynpernour, sb. a taker by the hand, bail, surety, P.—AF. meynpernour.
Meynprise, sb. a taking by the hand, bail, security, P; maynpris, G.—AF. meinprise.
Meynprise, v. to be surety for, PP.
Meyntene, v. to support, abet (in an action at law), P, S2; mayntene, to maintain, C, P.—AF. meyntener.
Meyntenour, sb. supporter, PP.—AF. meintenour.
Miche, adj. much, S2; see Moche.
Mid (1), prep. with, S, S2; myd, S, S2, P; mit, S; mide, S, S2; myde, S2. Comb.: mitte (mit þe), with the, S2; mitte (mit þe), with thee, S; mid-al, withal, S; midalle, altogether, S; mid-iwisse, certainly, S; mid-ywisse, S; myd-iwisse, S.—AS. mid.
Mid (2), adj. mid, SD. Comb.: mid-morwen, mid-morning, S; mid-morwetide, SD; mid-ouernon, middle of the afternoon; hei midouernon, fully the middle of the afternoon, S2; midewinter, Christmas, S2; midwinterdæi, sb. dat., Christmas-day, S; midwinter-day, S2; mid-ward, middle, S2.—AS. mid-.
Middel, adj. and sb. middle, waist, SkD, S, S2, C; myddel, PP; myddil, W; myddeleste, superl., G. Comb.: middel-niȝte, midnight, S.—AS. middel, sb.
Middel-erd, sb. the middle abode, the world, S; middeleard, S; myddelerd, S, PP; midelerd, S; mydlerd, S2, PP; mydelerd, PP; medlert, JD.—Cp. OS. middilgard, OHG. mittila gart (Tatian). Cf. Middeneard.
Midden-eard, sb. the middle abode, the abode of men, S; middenærd, S; middenard, S; midenarde, dat., S.—AS. middan-eard for middan-geard, ‘middle 149 enclosure’ (OET), the earth situated between heaven and hell, see Sweet, and Sievers, 214, n. 5; cp. Goth. midjungards, Icel. miðgarðr. See CV., and Grimm, Teut. M, p. 794.
Middes, only in phr.: in middes, in the midst, PP; in þe myddes, PP, S2; in (fro) þe myddis, PP, S3, W, W2; in the mydis, W2.—From mid, adj. The -es gives the phrase an adverbial force. The older forms (in Layamon) are a midde, a midden; AS. on middan.
Midwif, sb. midwife, SD, SkD; mydwyf, SkD; mydwyfe, Prompt.; mydewyf, SkD; medwyfe, Cath.; medewife, SkD; medewyues, pl., S2. See Mid (1).
Mightand, pr. p., as adj. having might, S2.
Mihel, sb. Michael, SD; Myȝhele, HD; Mihil, ND.—Church Lat. Michael (Vulg.), from the Heb.
Mihel-masse, sb. Michaelmas, SD; Mihelmas, ND; Myhelmasse, PP; Misselmasse, S2.
Miht, 2 pr. s. mayest, S; see Mæi.
Mihte, pt. s. might, S; micte, S; michte, S; migte, S; see Mahte.
Mikel, adj. and adv. great, much, S, S2; see Muchel.
Milce, sb. mercy, S, S2, HD; mylce, S; milche, S.—AS. milts, from milde, mild, gentle; see Sievers, 198, 4.
Milcien, v. to show mercy, S; milcenn, S; milsien, S.—AS. milsian, miltsian.
Milde, adj. mild, S, S2; myld, S. Comb.: mild-heorte, merciful in heart, SD; mild-heorted, S; milde-herted, S2; mild-herrtleȝȝc, mildheartedness, compassion, S; mild-heortnesse, clemency, S; mildhertnesse, S.—AS. milde.
Miles, sb. pl., animals, S2.—Cf. W. mil, an animal, beast; miled, a wild animal (W. W. S.).
Min, pron. poss. my, S, S2; myn, S, C2, PP; mi, S, S2; mines, gen., S; mine, dat., S; mire, gen. and dat. f., S; mynen, pl., W2. Phr.: myn one, by myself, alone, PP.—AS. mín.
Min, sb. memory, S2; see Mynne.
Mines, 2 pr. s. rememberest, S2; see Mynne.
Minion, sb. a favourite, a lover, Sh. TG, ND; bellulus, Manip.; minyons, pl., S3.—OF. mignon (Cotg.); cp. It. mignone (Florio).
Minion, adj. small, pretty; mynyon, ND; mynionly, adv. delicately, ND.
Mint, pt. s. purposed, S; see Munten.
-mint, suffix.—AS. mynt, -mynd: Goth. -mundiþa, see Sievers, 255, 3. Cf. Wurthmint.
Minute, sb. a mite, moment of time, HD; mynute, Prompt.; mynutis, pl., small pieces of money, W. Comb.: mynutwhile, PP; myntwhile, PP; myntewhile, PP.—Lat. minutum (Vulg.). Cf. Mite.
Minyshe, v. to minish, S3; see Menusen.
Mire, sb. ant, S; mowre, Cath.—Cp. Dan. myre, Icel. maurr.
Mire, my, gen. and dat. f. of Min.
Mirky, adj. dark, H. See Merke.
Mirre, sb. myrrh, S, PP; mir, S2; murre, PP; myrre, PP.—AS. myrre; Lat. myrrha (Vulg.); Gr. μύῤῥα.
Mirye, adj. merry, CM; see Mery.
Mis, adv. amiss, S, C3; mys, PP; mysse, S2.
Mis-, prefix; mys-, PP; mysse-, PP.—AS. mis-; Goth. missa-. Comb.: misbileue, suspicion, C3; misboden, injured, C, CM; misdede, misdeed, S, PP; misdeparten, to divide amiss, C2; misdo, to do amiss, PP, S, S2, C2; misfaren, to behave amiss, S; mysfare, to miscarry, PP; misgouernaunce, misconduct, C2; misgyed, misguided, C2; mys-happen, to meet with misfortune, PP; myshopand, despairing, H; misleuen, to believe wrongly, S; misliken, to displease, to be displeased, S, S2; misliking, displeasure, S2; myspay, to displease, H; misrede, to advise ill, S; misrempe, to go wide of the mark, S; mysreule, to misgovern, S3, PP; myssayde, abused, rebuked, slandered, PP; misseid, S2; missemand, misemand, unseemly, H; misteoðien, to mistithe (mis-iteoðeget, S); mistriste, to mistrust, C3; mysturne, to pervert, W, W2.
Mis-, prefix (of F. origin); see Mes-.
Mislich, adj. various, S; misliche, adv., S; mistlice, S.—AS. mislic (mistlic), various, adv. mislice (mistlice, Grein). For insertion of t see Sievers, 196, 1.
Misliche, adv. badly, miserably, S; missely, wrongly, S2.
Misse, sb. want, lack, fault, S; mysse, S, PP.
Missen, v. to miss, SD; mis, S2; mysseþ, pr. s., is without, PP.
150Mister; see Mester.
Mistiloker, adj. comp. more mystic, PP; mystiloker, PP.
Misty, adj. mystic, mysterious; mysty, misticus, Prompt.; mistier, comp., PP.
Misty, adj. misty, nebulosus, Cath., Prompt.
Mite, sb. a mite, small coin, thing of no value, C3, Cotg. (s.v. minute); myte, PP; minutum, Cath., Prompt., WW. Comb.: mytewhile, a little while, PP. Cf. Minute.
Miteyn, sb. mitten, glove, C3; see Myteyne.
Mithen, v. to conceal, S, SD.—AS. míðan; cp. OHG. (bi)mídan (Tatian, p. 493).
Mix, sb. dung, S; a vile wretch, S2.—AS. mix, meox, meohx, Goth. maihstus; cp. OHG. mist (Tatian).
Mizzle, v. to rain slightly, S3, HD; miselle, mysylle, pluuitare, Cath.
Mo, adj. and adv. more, besides, others, S, S2, S3, C; moo, S3; ma, S, S2; may, pl., S3.—AS. má. (Mo properly means more in number; more means greater in magnitude.)
Mobyle, adj. moveable, S3; moebles, sb. pl., moveables, property, PP, C3; meobles, PP; mebles, PP.—OF. moble, also meuble (Cotg.); Lat. mobilem.
Moche, adj. and adv. great, much, S, S2, C2; see Muche.
Mochel; see Muchel.
Mod; see Mood.
Modder, sb. a young girl, Manip.; moder, Prompt.
Moder, sb. mother, S, S2, C, C3, PP; moderr, S; modir, W; modur, PP; mooder, S2, C2, C3; muddir, S3; moder, gen., S2, PP; modres, C3, PP. Comb.: moder-burh, metropolis, SD; moder-child, mother’s child, S; modirles, motherless, W2.—AS. módor: Lat. māter; see Douse, p. 51.
Modiȝleȝȝc, sb. pride, S.
Modiȝnesse, sb. pride, S.
Mody, adj. spirited, animosus, proud, PP, S2.
Moeued, pt. s. moved, disturbed, C3; see Mouen.
Moght, pt. s. might, S2; see Mahte.
Moich, adj. close, muggy, S3, JD.
Moile, v. to toil, to drudge, to defile, pollute, daub with dirt, SkD; moillen, to wet, SkD; moylynge, pr. p., S3.—AF. moiler, moiller, to wet; Late Lat. *molliare, from mollis, soft.
Moillier, sb. woman, wife, PP; muliere, PP; moylere, P.—OF. moillier, muiller; Lat. mulierem; cp. AF. mulier, muller.
Mok, sb. muck, filthy lucre, PP; muk, PP; mukke, Prompt.
Moky, adj. misty, HD. Cf. Moich.
Molde, sb. crumbling ground, earth, mould, S, S2, P, G; moolde, PP; mulde, WA; moldez, pl., dry pieces of mould, S2. Phr.: on molde, on the earth, in the world, S2, PP. Comb.: molde-ale, a funeral ale or banquet, Prompt.; mulde-mete, a funeral banquet, JD; moldwerp, mole, mouldcaster, SkD; moldwarp, Sh.; moldewarpe, Cath.—AS. molde. Cf. Mull.
Mole, sb. the moldwarp, talpa, Sh.; mowle, S3; molle, Prompt.—This word is short for molde-warp. See above.
Molte (for molt), pt. s. melted, S3; see Melten.
Mom, sb. the least sound that can be made with closed lips, PP, S2; mum, S3.
Momelen, v. to mumble, PP; mamely, P.
Mon, 1 pr. s. I must, B; pr. s., B; 2 pr. s., S3; mone, mayest, S2; pr. s., shall, S2; man, 1 pr. s., SD; 2 pr. pl., S2, B; mun, pr. s., S2, H.—Icel. munu, ‘debere’, pr. s. man (pl. munu).
Monchen, v. to munch, Cath. (n), Palsg., SkD; mounch, Sh.; munche, CM (4. 145); maunche, Palsg. (s.v. briffault); manche, Palsg.; mounchynge, pr. p., S3. Comb.: mounch-present, HD; maunche-present, Palsg., HD (s.v. munch); mawnche-presande, sycophant, Cath.; manch-present, dorophagus, Cath. (n).—Probably a variety of ME. maungen; OF. manger. For che = ge cp. ME. charche; OF. charche = charge (see MD), also F. revancher = OF. revenger (SkD).
Mone, sb. share, companion, S.—AS. (ge)mána, ‘societas’ (Voc.). See Ymone.
Mone, sb. moan, complaint, PP, S, S2; moone, PP, C; moon, S2; mayn, B; mayne, B, S3; mane, S2.
Mone, sb. moon, S, S2, S3, P; a lunation, P; moyne, Cath., B; moyn, B. Comb.: mone-dæi, dies lunae, Monday, S; moneday, S; mone-licht, moonlight, S.—AS. móna.
Monè, sb. money, S2; see Moneye.
151Monek, sb. monk, S2; see Monk.
Monesten, v. to teach, admonish, W, W2, CM; moneishen, Cath. (n); monysche, Cath.; monest, pt. pl., B. See Amoneste.
Monestyng, sb. an admonition, W. W2, B; monyschynge, Cath.
Moneth, sb. month, S3, C, PP, B, WW, ND, Cath.; mooneþ, S2, PP; monythe, Prompt.; monyth, S2; monethe, W; monthe, PP; monthe, pl., C2; monethis, W. Comb.: moneth-minde, a service in memory of the dead a month after decease, ND; month-mind, HD; months minde, ND; months mind, a strong inclination, ND, Sh.—AS. mónað, from móna, moon.
Moneye, sb. money, C3, PP; monè, S2, PP.—AF. moneie, moneye, monee; Lat. moneta.
Moneyeles, adj. moneyless, PP; monelees, PP.
Mong-corn(e), sb. mixed corn, S3, Prompt.; moncorne, HD. See Mengen.
Moni, adj. many, S, S2; mony, S; see Manye.
Monk, sb. monk, PP; monek, S2; munec, S; muneces, pl., S; munekes, S; monekes, S, S2; monkes, S.—AS. munec; Lat. monachus; Gr. μοναχός, solitary.
Monkrye, sb. monkery, the race of monks, S3.
Monsede, pp. cursed, PP; see Mansed.
Moo-; see also under Mo-.
Mood, sb. anger, pride, mind, C; mod, S, S2; mode, dat., S, S2.—AS. mód; cp. OHG. muot (Tatian).
Mool-bery, sb. mulberry, SkD; mulbery, Cath.—Cp. MHG. mūlber (G. maulbeere); OHG. mūrberi, mōrberi (the l in the later forms being due to dissimilation); see Kluge; AS. mór; OHG. mōr; Lat. morus. See More.
Moot, sb. assembly, G, PP; mot, PP. Comb.: moot-halle, hall of assembly, court, P, G, W; mote-halle, G, PP.—AS. mót. Cf. Mote.
Moralitee, sb. morality, i.e. a moral tale, C3.—OF. moralite (Cotg.).
Mordre, sb. murder, C; see Morther.
More, sb. mulberry-tree; mours, pl., H. Comb.: more-tre, mulberry-tree, W; moore-trees, pl., W2; mur-berien, pl. mulberries, Voc.—Lat. morus, mulberry-tree (Vulg.); cp. Gr. μόρον, mulberry. Cf. Moolbery.
More, sb. moor, Prompt., H, PP; mor, S2; mwr, B; mwre, S2, B.—AS. mór.
More, adj. and adv. comp. more, greater, elder, S, S2, W, W2, PP, WW; mor, S, PP; moare, S; mayr, S3, B; mair, B; mære, S; mare, S, S2; mar, S, B; marere, H.—AS. mára. See Mo.
More, sb. root, S2, PP, HD; moore, CM.—AS. mora (Voc. 135. 28, 29, 32); cp. MHG. morâ, more, see Weigand (s.v. möhre).
Moreyne, sb. murrain, PP; moreyn, S2, Prompt.; morrein, WW; moryn, H; murrins, pl., WW.—AF. morine; cp. Low Lat. morina, a pestilence among animals (Ducange).
Morkin, sb. a beast that dies by disease or accident, RD, HD, ND.—Cp. Late Lat. morticinium (Ducange), whence Ir. muirtchenn, Wel. burgyn.
Morknen, v. to rot, SD; mourkne, S2.—Icel. morkna.
Mormal, sb. cancer or gangrene, CM, C, Prompt., RD, SD, ND, HD; mormall, Palsg.; mortmal, ND; morimal, RD; marmole, RD.—Cp. Late Lat. malum mortuum, a disease of the feet and shins (Ducange).
Morris, adj. Moorish, sb. morris-dance, Sh., ND; morisco, SkD; a morris-dancer, SkD. Comb.: morris-dance, Moorish dance, Sh.; morrys-daunce, HD; morres-dauncers, morris-dancers, HD; morrice-bells, bells for a morris-dance, S3; morris-pike, a large pike (weapon), HD, Sh.—Late Lat. moriscus, Moorish.
Morsel, sb. morsel, PP, B; mossel, SkD; mussel, W, W2, PP; musselle, Voc.—AF. morsel; Lat. morsellum, a little bit; dimin. of morsus. Cf. Mosel.
Morther, sb. murder; morthir, PP; morthre, C; morder, PP; mordre, C.—AS. morðor; cp. Low Lat. murdrum.
Morther, v. to murder, PP, S2; morthre, C; mordre, C, C2; murther, C.
Mortherer, sb. murderer, PP; mordrer, C, C2.
Mortifie, v. to mortify, to produce change by chemical action, C3.—OF. mortifier; Lat. mortificare.
Mortreux, sb. messes of pounded meat, C; mortrewes, CM, PP; mortrwys, Prompt.; mortrws, Cath.; mortesse, Palsg.; mortrels, PP; mortreuus, 152 (mortrews), PP, Prompt. (n) Voc.; mortrus, Voc.—OF. mortreux, see Ducange (s.v. mortea), connected with Lat. mortarium, a morter.
Morwe, sb. morrow, the morning, PP, S2, C2, C3; marewe, S2; morow, S3. Phr.: to morwe, cras, Voc. Comb.: morȝe-mete, morning meal, S; morewtid, morrow, W; morowtid, W; morutid, W2; morȝeue, dos nuptialis, SD; moryve, Prompt.
Morwen, sb. morn, morrow, S, PP; morȝen, SD. Phr.: to morwen, S.—AS. morgen, Goth. maurgins.
Morwenynge, sb. morning, PP, C2; morwnynge, S2; moreȝening, S.
Mose, sb. titmouse, S.—AS. máse, see SkD. (s.v. titmouse).
Mosel, sb. muzzle, nose of an animal, C, CM.—OF. musel (now museau): Prov. mursel: OF. *morsel. See Morsel, and cf. Musen.
Mosell, v. to muzzle, SkD; moosel, Manip.
Moskles, sb. pl. mussels (shell fish), S2; see Muskylle.
Most, adj. superl. greatest, chief, PP, S2; moste, S, PP; mooste, W2; mast, S2; maste, S2; maist, B; mayst, B; mest, S, S2; meste, C2; meast, S. Comb.: meste del, the greatest part, S2.—AS. mǽst.
Mot, 1 pr. s. may, must, S, C2, C3, PP; mote, S, PP; most, 2 pr. s., must, S, S2; mot, 2 pr. s. subj., S3; mot, pr. s., can, must, S, S2, S3; moot, S2, C; moȝt, S2; moten, pl., S, PP; mote, S2, PP; moste, pt. s., was obliged, S, S2, C3, PP; pl., S, S2; most, S2, PP; moist, pt. s., S3.—AS. mót, 2 pr. s., móst, pl. móton, pt. s. móste.
Mote, sb. moat, agger, fossa, P; a pond, Manip.; castle, palace, WA; moote, Prompt.; mot, PP.—OF. mote, embankment, also motte (Cotg.).
Mote, v. to summon before a mot (court), to plead, dispute, discuss a law case, PP, S2; mootyn, Prompt.; motien, S.—AS. mótian (Leo). See Moot.
Mote, sb. note on the huntsman’s horn, CM; moot, HD; mot, S3 (7. 16).—OF. mot, ‘the note winded by an huntsman on his horn’ (Cotg.).
Motlè, sb. motley, a dress of many colours, Prompt.; motley, Sh., ND; motteleye, C; mottelay, Cath.—OF. mattele, clotted, curdled (Cotg.).
Motoun, sb. a gold coin called a ‘mutton’ or sheep, P; mutoun, S2, PP; moton, PP.—OF. mouton; Late Lat. multonem (Ducange).
Motyf, sb. motive, incitement, S2, C3; motif, motion, argument, question, subject, PP.—OF. motif (Cotg.); Late Lat. motivum (Ducange).
Moucte, pt. s. might, S; mought, S3; see Mahte.
Moun, 1 pr. pl. may, S; see Mæi.
Mountance, sb. amount, space, duration, C3, CM; mountouns, S2, HD.—AF. mountance, OF. montance; see Ducange (s.v. montare).
Mounte, sb. mount, PP; mont, S2; munt, S; munte, dat., S.—AS. munt; Lat. montem; cp. AF. munt, mont, mount.
Mountein, sb. mountain, PP; montaine, S2; montain, S2; montaigne, C2; mountaigne, PP.—AF. mountaygne; Late Lat. montanea, ‘locus montanus’ (Ducange).
Mounten, v. to mount, PP.—OF. monter; Late Lat. montare.
Mountenaunce, sb. amount; mowntenawnce, Prompt.; mountenance, S3, ND. See Mountance.
Mour, sb. mulberry-tree, H; see More.
Mournen, v. to mourn, S2, PP; mornen, PP, S; murnen, S; morenen, pr. pl., W2; morenyden, pt. pl., W2.—AS. murnan.
Mournyng, pr. p. and adj. mourning, PP; moorning, C, C3; mornyng, S2.
Mous, sb. mouse, C, PP; mus, S; muse, dat., S; mys, pl., P; mees, PP; Comb.: mowsfalle, mousetrap, Prompt.; muse-stoch, mousetrap, S.—AS. mús.
Mouth, sb. mouth, face, PP, W2; muð, S; mudh, S. Comb.: muð-freo, mouth-free, S.—AS. múð: Goth. munths; cp. OHG. mund (Otfrid); see Sievers, 30.
Mouthen, v. to talk about, P; mouthed, pt. s., P.
Moutin, v. to mew, moult, cast feathers, Prompt.; mowtyn, Prompt., HD; moult, Sh.; moutes, pr. s., S2, SkD.—Lat. mutare. Cf. Mewen.
Mouȝt, sb. moth, W; mouȝte, W2, SkD; moghte, Cath.—ONorth. and AS. mohðe (Mt. 6. 20).
Mouen, v. to move, suggest, S; moeue, PP; meuen, PP; meuez, pr. s., S2; moeued, pt. s., C3; moeuyng, pr. p., S2, 153 C3; meued, pp., S3.—AF. mover, OF. muveir, movoir, moveir; Lat. mouēre.
Mow, v. to be able, H; mown, Prompt.; mugen, S.—AS. *mugan (not found), see Sievers, 424. See Mæi.
Mowe, sb. kinswoman, S; mow, sister-in-law, Prompt.; moȝe, S; maȝe, SD.—AS. máge.
Mowe, sb. a grimace, CM, Prompt.; moe, Cotg., WW (p. 407); mow, WW.—OF. mouë (Cotg.).
Mowen, v. to make a grimace, Cath.; mowyn, Prompt. Der.: mowing, grimacing, S3; mowyng, W2; cachinnatus, Cath.; mouwyng, W2.
Mowen, v. to mow, reap, S, PP.—AS. máwan.
Mowtard, sb. moulting bird, Prompt. See Moutin.
Mowtynge, sb. moulting-season, PP, Prompt.
Moyste, adj. fresh, new, C2, C3, SkD; moyst, humidus, Prompt.; moste, moist, Cath.—OF. moiste, damp, moist; Late Lat. *mustius, *musteus (see BH, § 74, also Roland, p. 420); from Lat. mustum. See Must.
Moystin, v. to make moist, W, Prompt.; moyste, Voc.; moysted, pp., S2, Cath. (n).
Moystnesse, sb. moistness, humor, Voc.
Moysture, sb. moisture, Prompt.; mostour, maditas, Cath.
Moȝe, sb. kinswoman, S; see Mowe.
Muche, adj. and adv. great, much, S, S2, PP; moche, S, S2, C2, PP; miche, S2; myche, S, W, W2. Comb.: muchedel, a great part, S2; mychefold, manifold, W.
Muchel, adj. and adv. great, much, numerous, S, C2, PP; mochel, S2, C2, C3, PP; mochele, S; michel, S; micel, S; mikel, S, S2; mycel, S; mykel, S2, P; mukel, S, S2; mucele, S; mikle, S2; mekill, S3. Der.: muchelhede, greatness, SD; mykelhede, S2; mychilnesse, greatness, W2.—AS. micel (mycel): Goth. mikils.
Muchelin, v. to magnify, S; muclien, S; mucli, S; mikeland, pr. p., S2; mikeled, pp., S2.—AS. myclian: Goth. mikiljan.
Mud, sb. mud, Prompt.; moode, S3; mudde, S2 (13. 407), Cath., Manip.—Cp. OLG. mudde, see SkD.
Mudly, adj. muddy, H.
Mugen, v. to be able, S; see Mæi.
Mught, pt. s. might, S2, H; muhte, S; see Mahte.
Muk, sb. muck, filthy lucre, PP; see Mok.
Mukel, adj. great, S, S2; see Muchel.
Mull, sb. mould, rubbish, S2, Cath. (n); molle, Cath.; mol, Cath. (n); mul, Cath. (n).—Cp. Du. mul. See Molde.
Mullok, sb. rubbish, C3; mollocke, Cath. (n).
Multiplicacioun, sb. multiplying, i.e. the art of alchemy, C3.
Multiplye, v. to make gold and silver by the arts of alchemy, C3; multeplie, to increase, PP.—OF. multiplier; Lat. multiplicare.
Mum; see Mom.
Mun, pr. s. must, S2, H; see Mon.
Munen, v. to remind, to be mindful, S; see Mynne.
Muneȝing, sb. commemoration, S.
Mungen, v. to remember, PP; see Mengen.
Mungunge, sb. remembrance, reminding, S; munegunge, S; muneȝing, S.—AS. mynegung.
Munne, v. to relate, mention, remind, S: see Mynne.
Munstral, sb. minstrel, S2; see Mynstral.
Munt, sb. mount, S; see Mounte.
Munten, v. to think, to purpose, S2; myntis, pr. s. points, WA; munte, pt. s., S3; mint, S; i-munt, pp., S; i-mint, S; i-ment, S.—AS. (ge)myntan. See Mynde.
Murcnen, v. to murmur; murrcnesst, 2 pr. s., S.—AS. murcnian (Leo).
Murne, adj. sad, S, HD.—Cp. AS. murnan, to mourn.
Murnen, v. to mourn, S, WA; see Mournen.
Murnyn, sb. mourning, B.
Murrin, sb. murrain, WW; see Moreyne.
Murthe, sb. mirth, joy, PP, S; murth, PP; murhðe, S; murȝþe, S; myrthe, PP; mirthe, C; merthe, PP; muirth, PP; murþhes, pl., merrymakings, amusements, PP, S2; merthes, G.—AS. myrð, mirhð, from merg. See Mery.
154Mury(e), adj. merry, S, C; see Mery.
Murȝen, v. to make merry, SD; murgeþ, pr. pl., S2.
Musard, sb. a dreamy fellow, HD, Bardsley; musarde, CM.—OF. musart.
Muse, sb. dreaming vacancy, Spenser.
Musen, v. to ponder, wonder, PP, C3, WA, ND.—OF. muser, to muse, study, linger about a matter, to sniff as a hound, from *muse, a muzzle, nose of an animal (whence F. museau); Lat. morsus. For F. -u- from an orig. Lat. -or- cp. OF. jus from Late Lat. jūsum, Lat. deorsum, and F. sus from Lat. sūsum, seorsum, see Apfelstedt, § 43, and Constans (glossary). Cf. Mosel.
Muskylle, sb. mussel, a shell-fish, Cath.; muscles, pl., PP; moskles, S2.—AF. muskeles, pl., OF. muscle; Lat. musculum (acc.), dimin. of mus, mouse; cp. AS. musclan scel (Voc.).
Mussel, sb. morsel, W, W2; see Morsel.
Must, sb. new wine, W, W2.—Lat. mustum (Vulg.). Cf. Moiste.
Mustour, sb. dial, clock, WA.—Cp. F. montre (Brachet).
Mute, v. to dung (used of birds), SkD, WW, ND; meuted, pp., WW.—OF. mutir (Cotg.), esmeutir (Cotg.), esmeltir, (Littré); of Teutonic origin, cp. ODu. smelten, to smelt, liquefy; cp. It. smaltare, to mute as a hawk (Florio). Cf. Amellen.
Mutoun; see Motoun.
Muwen, pr. pl. may, S; muȝen, S; see Mæi.
Mydge, sb. midge, H (Ps. 104. 29); midge, Manip.; myge, gnat, culex, Voc., Cath.; myghe, S3.—AS. mycg (Voc.).
Myghte, pt. s. could, PP; myȝte, S2; see Mahte.
Myghte, sb. might, power, PP; miȝt, PP, S; miht, S, S2, PP; myȝt, S2; myhte, S; miȝte, S; mightes, pl., powers, virtues, S2; myhte, S.—AS. miht.
Myghtful, adj. powerful, PP; mihtful, PP; miȝtful, PP; myȝtful, PP; myȝtuolle, S2.
Myghtfulnes, sb. strength, S2.
Myghty, adj. mighty, SD; maȝty, S2; mæhti, S; magti, S; mihti, S; michti, S; miȝthi, S2; myghtely, adv., CM.—AS. meahtig.
Myht, 2 pr. s. mayest; see Mæi.
Myke, sb. the crutches of a boat, which sustain the main-boom or mast when lowered, S2.—Cp. Swed. mick, a crutch (sea-term).
Mylle, sb. mill, Prompt. Comb.: mylle-stone, mill-stone, Prompt.; myl-ston, Voc.; melstan, S; myln-stoon, W; mulle-stones, pl., PP.—AS. myln (Voc.); Lat. molina.
Mylnere, sb. miller, PP; mylner, PP; mulnere, PP; melner, PP; mellere, PP, C.
Mynde, sb. memory, remembrance, mention, PP, S2, S3, W, W2, CM, C2, Cath.; mende, Prompt.; mind, memory, mind, Sh.—AS. (ge)mynd; cp. OHG. gimunt, memory (Tatian). See Mynne.
Mynen, v. to mine, S2, W, W2.—OF. miner cp. Late Lat. minare (Ducange).
Myne-ye-ple, sb. (?), S3 (7. 62, note).
Mynne, sb. memory, SD; min, S2.—Icel. minni, memory; cp. AS. myne, mind. Cf. Mynde.
Mynne, v. to remember, mention, PP, S2, HD; munne, S; munyen, S; munen, S; mynand, pr. p., H; mines, 2 pr. s., S2; mined, pp., S2.—AS. (ge)mynnan (gemynian), to remember; also (ge)munan.
Mynnyng-day, sb. the day of memory of the dead, HD.
Mynour, sb. miner, C, SkD, PP; minour, PP.—AF. minour; Late Lat. minatorem (Ducange). See Mynen.
Mynstral, sb. minstrel, PP, Prompt.; minstral, PP; munstral, PP, S2; minstrales, pl., C2; menestrales, PP.—AF. menestral; Late Lat. ministralem, a servant (Brachet).
Mynstralcie, sb. music, minstrelsy, PP, C; minstralcye, C2; menstralcye, C; mynstracie, PP; minstracie, PP; mynstrasye, Prompt., S2.—AF. mynstralcye.
Mynstre, sb. minster, monastery, S, PP; minstre, S; ministre, S2; minnstre, the Jewish temple, S.—AS. mynster; Church Lat. monasterium; Gr. μοναστήριον.
Myrie, adj. pleasant, W2; see Mery.
Myrk, adj. dark, S2, H; see Merke.
Myrk, v. to darken, H.
155Mys-, prefix; see both Mis- and Mes-.
Mysteir, v. to be necessary, B; mysters, pr. s. is needful, WA.
Myster, sb. trade, occupation, PP; see Mester.
Myster, sb. need, want, C, WA, B; see Mester.
Mystir, adj. lacking, needful, B.
Mystyrit, pp. injured by loss (of blood), S3.
Myteyne, sb. cuff, glove, Prompt., S3; miteyn, C3; mytane, Cath.; myttan, Voc.—OF. mitaine (Cotg.); cp. Low Lat. mitana (Ducange).
Myȝt, sb. power, S2; see Myght.
Myȝte, pt. s. might, S2; see Mahte.
Nabben, v. not to have; naue, 1 pr. s., PP; nauest, 2 pr. s., S; nauestu, thou hast not, S; nastu, S; naueþ, pr. s., S; nað, S, PP, S2; neþ, S2; nabbeþ, pl., S2; naue, S2; nadde, pt. s., S; nad, PP; nedde, PP, S2; nauedes, 2 pt. s., S; næueden, pl., S.—AS. nabban (= ne habban).
Nabod, for Ne abod, abode not, S. See Abiden.
Nacioun, sb. nation, C; nacion, Cath., WA.—AF. nacioun, naciun; Lat. nationem.
Naddren, pl. adders, S; nadres, S; see Nedder.
Nadrinke, for Ne adrinke, let (it) not drown, S.
Naht, sb. night, SD; see Nyght.
Naht, adv. not, S; see Nought.
Nahte, pt. s. had not, S; see Owen.
Naked, adj. naked, bare, undefended by body-armour, PP, C3; naket, PP, S; nakid, S2; nakit, S2. Phr.: in naked bedde, au lict couché tout nud, Palsg., HD, ND.—AS. nacod; cp. OHG. nakot (Otfrid), Icel. naktr.
Naken, v. to lay bare, SkD (s.v. naked).—ONorth. (ge)nacian (Mk. 2. 4).
Naker, sb. kettle-drum, S2, C, HD.—OF. nacre, also nagaire, nacaire, naquaire, anacaire (cp. Byzantine Gr. ἀνάκαρον); a word borrowed from the Turks; cp. Kurdish nakára, see Ducange, Diez.
Naknen, v. to strip; nacnes, pr. s., S; nakned, pp., HD.
Nale; in phr. Atte nale for At ten ale (at þen ale), at the ale, P. See Ale.
Nam, 1 pr. s. am not, S, S2, P, C; næm, S; nart, 2 pr. s., S, S2; nis, pr. s., is not, S, C, C2; nys, S; nas, pt. s., S, S2, HD, PP; nes, S, S2; nere, pl., S, S2, C; neoren, S; nare, S.—ONorth. nam (= ne am).
Nam, pt. s. took, S; see Nimen.
Nameliche, adv. especially, S2, C; see Nomeliche.
Nan, adj. none, no, S; see Non.
Nap, sb. cup, S; neppe, dat., S.—AS. hnæp (Voc.); cp. OHG. hnapf, OF. hanap (Bartsch), Low Lat. nappus (Ducange).
Nappen, v. to nap, slumber, nod, PP, C3, W. Der.: napping, slumber, W2; nappy, sleep-inducing, S3, ND.—AS. hnæppian.
Napron, sb. apron, SkD; naprun, Prompt.—OF. naperon, from nape, a cloth; Low Lat. napa; Lat. mappa (Punic word).
Narde, sb. nard, an unguent, W.—Lat. nardus (Vulg.); Gr. ναρδός (Persian word).
Narwe, adj. narrow, C; narewe, S; nareu, S; narwȝ, W; nearowe, S; neruwe, S; narwe, adv., closely, PP.—AS. nearu, adv. nearwe.
Nas, pt. s. was not, S, S2; see Nam.
Nat, for Ne at, nor at, S2.
Nað, pr. s. has not, S, PP, S2; see Nabben.
Natiuite, sb. nativity, S2, C2.—OF. nativité (Cotg.); Lat. natiuitatem.
Natte, sb. mat, scorium, buda, Voc., Cath.; natt, HD, Voc.; nat, Palsg.—OF. natte (Cotg.); Late Lat. natta; Lat. matta (probably a variant of mappa). See Napron.
Naue, Nauest; see Nabben.
Nauȝty, adj. having nothing, very poor, P. See Nought.
Nauele, sb. navel, PP; nawle, W2; naule, PP; navyle, Voc.; nawelle, Voc.; nawylle, Voc.—AS. nafela.
156Nay, adv. nay, PP, S3, WA; nai, S, S2. Phr.: nay whan, nay when? i.e. not so, when (will you do it), S3; withoute nay, without denial, G; it is no nay, there is no denying it, G, C2.—Cp. Icel. nei.
Nayl, sb. nail, finger-nail, S, C2; nayle, Voc.; neil, S; nayles, pl., PP.—AS. nægel cp. Icel. nagl.
Naylen, v. to nail, Cath.; naȝlen, S; nailen, PP, C2.
Nayten, v. employ, use, S2, WA.—Icel. neyta; cp. AS. notian; weak verb, from Icel. njóta; cp. AS. néotan. Cf. Noten.
Naytly, adv. neatly, fit for use, S2.—From Icel. neytr, fit for use.
Naytyn, v. to deny, Prompt., SD, HD.—Icel. neita. Cf. Niten.
Ne, adv. and conj. not, nor, S, S2, S3.—AS. ne, not, nor.
Neb, sb. face, S, HD. Der.: nebsseft, face, appearance, presence, S2; nebscheft, SD.—AS. nebb, beak, face (OET).
Nece, sb. niece, PP; neipce, granddaughter, S3; neece, WW (p. 417).—AF. nece, niece; Late Lat. neptia; in the place of Lat. neptis, a granddaughter, a niece; see BH, § 32.
Nedde, pt. s. had not, S; see Nabben.
Nedder, sb. adder, snake, H; neddyr, Cath., Prompt.; neddere, Cath. (n); neddre, S; nedyr, Voc.; nedyre, Voc.; naddren, pl., S; nadres, S; nedris, HD; neddren, S. Comb.: nedyrcopp, spider, Voc.—AS. nædre: Goth. nadrs; cp. OHG. natrá (Tatian).
Nede, sb. need, peril, business, also as pred. adj. necessary, needful, C2, W, PP; neode, PP, S; niede, S; neod, S, S2, PP; ned, S; need, C2; neid, B; nedes, pl., S2, PP; nede, adv., necessarily, S, C2, PP; nedes, needs, of necessity, S2, C, PP; nedis, W; neodes, S2, PP; needely, C; nedelich, W. Der.: nedful, needy, necessary, S; nedfol, S2, PP; neodful, S, PP; needles, needlessly, C2; neidwais, of necessity, S2, B.—OMerc. néd (VP), AS. nýd: Goth. nauths; cp. OS. nód, OHG. nót (Tatian).
Neden, v. to force, compel, to need, S; neid, B; nedeþ, pr. s., there is need, it is necessary, PP, C; neodeþ, S, PP.—AS. nédan (OET).
Nedle, sb. needle, C3, P; nedele, PP; nedel, PP; nelde, PP; neelde, PP.—Der.: nedelere, needle-seller, PP; neldere, PP.—AS. nǽdl: OHG. nádela, also náldá (Tatian).
Neer, adj. comp. nearer, C2; see Nerre.
Neet, sb. ox, cattle, PP, S, S2, C; net, S; niatt, S; nowt, S; nete, H, PP. Comb.: neet-hirde, sb. neat-herd, Prompt.—AS. néat, ox, cattle: Icel. naut; cp. OHG. nóz, ‘jumentum’ (Tatian).
Nefen, v. to name, S2; see Neuenen.
Ne-for-thi, adv. nevertheless, S2.—AS. ne for ðý.
Neghen, num. nine, S2; see Nyne.
Nehlechen, v. to approach, S; neolechin, S.—AS. néalǽcan from néah. See Neih.
Neih, adv. nigh, nearly, almost, PP, S; neyh, G; neh, S, S2; ney, PP, S; neȝ, S; negh, PP; ny, PP, Prompt.; niȝ, W; nyȝ, W, W2; neigh, S2; neiȝe, P; neighe, PP; nyȝe, PP. Comb.: neyhebour, neighbour, G; neighebor, C2; neighburgh, S2; nehgebur, S; neihhond, close at hand, S.—AS. néah; cp. OHG. náh (Tatian).
Neihen, v. to be nigh to, to approach, PP; neighen, PP; neghen, PP, H, S2; neiȝen, PP, W; neȝen, S2; neȝh, S2; neyȝhen, S2.—AS. néhwan: Goth. nehwjan, from nehwa, nigh. See Neih.
Neipce, sb. granddaughter, S3; see Nece.
Neither, neg. pron. and conj. neither, SD; neyþer, S; noither, P; neithyr, Prompt.; nethir, not, W.—AS. ne + ǽghwæðer. See Eiðer.
Neiȝ, in phr. no neiȝ for non eiȝ, i.e. no eggs, S2. See Ey.
Nekke, sb. neck, S, C, PP. Comb.; nekke-boon, neck-bone, S2, C2; nekke-bon, PP.—AS. hnecca (OET.).
Nelle, 1 and 3 pr. s. will not, PP, S; nell, S; nel, S; nele, S; nulle, S, PP; nule, S; nul, PP, S2; nile, S, PP; nil, PP, C2; nullich, I will not, S; nulich, S; nuly, S2; nult, 2 pr. s., wilt not, S; neltu, thou wilt not, S; neltow, P; nultu, S; nelleð, pl., S; nolleþ, S2; nollen, PP; nulleþ, S; nulen, S; nolde, pt. s., would not, S, PP; nalde, S.—AS. nyllan. See Wille.
Nemnen, v. to name, mention, call, S, S2, S3; nempnen, PP, S2.—AS. nemnan: Goth. namnjan. Cf. Neuenen.
Neod, Neodes; see Nede.
Neodeþ, pr. s. is needful, S; see Neden.
157Neomen, v. to take, receive, S; see Nimen.
Neomenye, sb. feast of the new moon, W.—Lat. neomenia (Vulg.); Gr. νουμηνία, νεομηνία.
Neowcin, sb. harm, injury, S.—Icel. nauðsyn, need, impediment, see SkD (s.v. essoin, p. 802).
Neowel, adj. deep; niwel, SD; nuel, SD. Der.: neowelnesse, the deep, abyss, S.—AS. neowol, néol, niwol, prone, deep (GET, Grein).
Neoȝe, num. nine, S2; see Nyne.
Neppe, sb. turnip, rapa, Voc.; nepe, Alph.—AS. nǽp; Lat. nāpus.
Nercotyk, sb. narcotic, C.—Late Lat. narcoticum [medicamen], (SB); Gr. ναρκωτικός, benumbing.
Nere, sb. kidney, Voc.; neere, Prompt.; neres, pl., reins, H; nerys, ren, Voc. Comb.: kidnere, kidney, SkD; kydney, Voc.—Icel. nýra, pl. nýru: OHG. niero; cp. Gr. νεφρός see Curtius, ii. 93.
Nere, pt. pl. were not, S, S2, C; see Nam.
Nerre, adj. and adv. comp. nearer, H, PP; narre, H; nere, PP; ner, PP, C2, C; nier, S; neer, W, C2. Comb.: nerhand, nearly, H.—AS. néarra (néara), adj.; néar, adv.
Neruwe, adj. narrow, S; see Narwe.
Nes, pt. s. was not, S, S2; see Nam.
Nesche, adj. tender, soft, S; nesshe, S; neshe, Voc.; nesh, ND; nasche, S2; neische, W2; nesse, HD. Der.: nesshede, tenderness, S2.—AS. hnesce.
Neschen, v. to soften, SD; nesshen, S; nessen, H; neyssen, H.—AS. hnescian.
Nese, sb. nose, S, S2, Prompt., PP, Voc.; neose, PP; nose, Voc.; noose, W A. Comb.: nosebleed, the plant yarrow, Alph.; noseblede, millifolium, Alph.; nese-hende, purulus, Voc.; nese-thirl, nostril, H; nes-thyrylle, Voc.; nose-thirl, W2; nose-thurl, C; noyss-thyrlys, pl., S3.—AS. nosu; cp. OHG. nasa; see Kluge, and Sievers, 274.
Nesen, v. to sneeze; nesyn, Prompt.; neese, WW.—Cp. Icel. hnjósa.
Nest, adj. and adv. superl. next, nearest, PP, S, S2; neist, S2; nixte, S; nexte, C, PP; nexst, S, S2. Comb.: nestfald, nearest, S.—AS. níehsta, adj.; néhst adv.
Nest, sb. nest, PP; nestes, pl., PP. Der.: nestlingis, nestlings, PP.—AS. nest; cp. Lat. nīdus (for nisdus), OIr. net; see Brugmann, § 590.
Nesten, pt. pl. knew not, S; see Not.
Nestlen, v. to build nests, S2.
Neþ, pr. s. has not, S2; see Nabben.
Neðen, adv. from below, S.—AS. neoðan, beneath.
Neðer, adj. comp. nether, S; see Niðer.
Nette, sb. net, Cath., Manip.; nett, Prompt., Voc., W (p. 234); net, W (p. 123); nettes, pl., C2.—AS. nett: Goth. nati, see Sievers, 247.
Neue, sb. nephew, S.—AS. nefa.
Neuenen, v. to name, S2, C3, H, HD; nefen, S2. Der.: neuening, naming, S.—Icel. nefna, (from nafn, name): Goth. namnjan, from namn- stem of namo, name. Cf. Nemnen.
Neuere, adv. never, PP, S; neure, S, PP; næuere, S; næure, S; neauer, S; nauere, S; nefre, S; nefer, S; nafre, S; neare, S3; nere, W; ner, HD, S2. Comb.: neuer a del, not a bit, C3; neuremore, nevermore, S; neuer the neer, none the nearer, C3; neuer the latter, nevertheless, H.—AS. nǽfre.
Neueu, sb. nephew, S2; nevew, C2; nevo, B.—AF. nevu, nephew, grandson; Lat. nepōtem.
Newe, adj. new, PP, C2; neowe, S; nywe, S; niwe, S2; newe, adv., newly, anew, PP, C; newly, newly, again, PP; nuly, S3. Comb.: newefangel, catching at novelty, C2; newefangelnes, fondness for novelty, C2, S3.—AS. neowe, niwe.
Newen, v. renew, S, S2, PP.—AS. niwian.
Newte, sb. newt, Prompt.; ewte, Prompt. See Euete.
Ney, adv. nigh, nearly, S; neȝ, S; see Neih.
Neynd, ord. ninth, S2; see Nyne.
Neȝen, v. to neigh, SkD. Der.: neiyng, sb. a neighing, W2.—AS. hnǽgan; cp. Icel. hneggja.
Niatt, sb. pl. cattle, S; see Neet.
Nich, adv. no, S.—AS. ne + ic, I; see Sievers, 332.
Nieþe, ord. ninth, S; see Nyne.
Nif, for Ne if, if not, except; nyf, S2.
Nifle, sb. trifle, HD, ND; nyfles, pl., CM, Palsg.; nines, Cotg. (s.v. nigeries).—OF. nifles, trifles (Palsg.). Cf. Niuelen.
Nigard, sb. a niggard, a miser, PP; 158 nygard, C, CM, PP; nygarde, PP, Palsg.; nygart, CM. Cf. Nygun.
Nigardie, sb. stinginess, SkD, HD; nigardye, CM; nygardye, CM.
Night, Nigt, Niht; see Nyght.
Nigromancye, sb. magic, sorcery, PP; nigramauncy, S2; nigramansy, B; nigromance, Cath.—OF. nigromance (Bartsch); cp. Low Lat. nigromantia (Ducange); Late Lat. necromantia, necromancy; Gr. νεκρομαντεία, divination by communion with the dead.
Niker, sb. water-sprite, SD; nykyr, siren, Prompt.; nyckers, pl., SPD; nykeren, SPD (p. 255).—AS. nicor, a water-demon (Grein); cp. Icel. nykr, hippopotamus: OHG. nichus, ‘crocodilus,’ see Grimm, Teut. M. p. 488.
Nil, pr. s. will not, C2; see Nelle.
Nimen, v. to take, S, S2; nymen, PP; nemen, PP; neomen, S; nam, pt. s., PP, G, S; nom, S, S2; nem, S2; nome, 2 pt. s., S, PP; nomen, pl. S, PP; neme, S; numen, pp., seized, gone, S; nummun, S2; nome, S2. Der.: niminge, a taking, capture, S.—AS. niman, pt. nam (pl. námon, pp. numen.
Nin, for Ne in, nor in, C2.
Nis, pr. s. is not, S, C, C2; see Nam.
Niseien, pt. pl. for Ne iseien, saw not, S.
Niste, pt. s. knew not, S; see Not.
Niswicst, 2 pr. s. for Ne iswicst, ceasest not, S.
Niten, v. to refuse, S2, JD; nyte, JD; nite, pp., WA.—Icel. níta, to deny. Cf. Naytyn.
Niten, pr. pl. know not, S; see Not.
Nið, sb. envy, malice, S. Der.: niðful, envious, S; nyþful, S.—AS. níð; cp. Goth. neith.
Niðen, v. to envy, SD.—Icel. níða, to revile.
Niðer, adv. below, S; adj. comp., lower, S; neðer, S; nethir, B; neðement, superl., lowest, SD. Der.: neðerward, downwards, SD.—AS. niðer, nioðor, downward, neoðera, lower, nether, SkD.
Niðer-wenden, v. to go down, S.
Niðing, sb. a coward, a niggard, S; nything, PP.—AS. níðing, a coward, outlaw; cp. Icel. níðingr.
Niuelen, v. to snivel, S; nyuelen, PP.—Cp. OF. nifler (Cotg.). See Nifle.
Niȝen, num. nine, S; see Nyne.
No, adv. and conj. not, nor, no, S, S2, SkD, B, HD; na, S, S2, B. Comb.: no but, except, unless, S2, W; no þe les, not the less, nevertheless, S; na þe les, S, S2; neoþeles, S; ne the les, W; na þe mo, none the more, S2; na war, were it not for, but for, S2, B.—AS. ná (= ne + á).
Noble, adj. noble, WA; nobylle, Cath.; nobliche, adv., nobly, S2; nobilly, Cath.—AF. noble; Lat. nobilem.
Noble, sb. noble, a coin so called worth 6s. 8d., S3, C3, P, WA.—Cp. Late Lat. nobile (Ducange).
Noblen, v. to ennoble, C3.
Noblesse, sb. nobility, worthy behaviour, S2, C3; magnificence, honour, C2.—F. noblesse; OF. noblesce; Late Lat. nobilitia.
Noblete, sb. nobleness, richness, S2.—OF. noblete (Bartsch); Lat. nobilitatem.
Nobley, sb. splendour, grandeur, dignity, nobility, assembly of nobles, C3, HD; nobleye, S2, C2; noblay, H, B, WA; nobelay, HD; nobillay, B.—AF. noblei; Late Lat. nobletum; cp. OF. noblet (Bartsch).
Nodle, sb. noddle, head, Prompt.; nodyl, Prompt.; noddle, Sh.
Noff, for Ne off, nor of, S.
Nok, sb. nook, corner, piece, SD; nuk, B; nwk, B; noke, WA, HD. Comb.: ferþyng noke, a piece of a farthing, S2; nook-shotten, spawned in a corner, Sh.
Noke, in phr.: atte noke = atten oke, at the oak, S2. See Ook.
Nokke, sb. nock, notch, Prompt. Comb.: nocke of a bow, oche de l’arc, Palsg.
Nol, sb. the head, the neck, W, W2; noll, WA; nolle, PP.—AS. hnoll, the top of the head.
Nolde, pt. s. would not, S; see Nelle.
Nolleþ, 1 pr. pl. we desire not, S2; see Nelle.
Nombre, sb. number, C; nowmber, Cath.; nummer, S3.—AF. numbre, noumbre; Lat. numerum (acc.).
Nombren, v. to number, PP; noumbren, W2; y-noumbred, pp., S3.—AF. numbrer, noumbrer; Lat. numerare.
Nome, sb. pledge, hostage, S.—AS. nám, pledge seized (Schmid). See Nymen.
Nome, sb. name, PP, S, S2; nam, S2; name, Voc.—AS. nama (noma): Goth. namo.
159Nomeliche, adv. especially, S; nameiche, S2, C; namelich, P, S3; namely, PP.
Non, adj. no one, none, no, PP, S, S2; noon, C2; nan, S, S2; no, PP, S; na, S, S2, B; nane, B; nenne, acc., S. Comb.: na kyn, of no kind, B; nakin, B; na kyn thing, in no degree, B, S2; na kyn wiss, no way, B; nan more, no more, S; na more, S, S2; na mare, S2; na mo, P; nammo, S2; no mo, C; na þing, nothing, not at all, S; no þing, S2; no whar, nowhere, S; no war, S; no hwer, S; nour, S2; nou hwider, no whither, S; no hwider, S; no wider wardes, in no direction, S; nones kunnes, of no kind, S; nones weis, in no way, S; nanes weis, S.—AS. nán.
None, sb. the hour of ‘none,’ i.e. the ninth hour, 3 p.m., also noon, mid-day, S, PP; nowne, S3; noyne, B; non, S, S2, PP; noon, PP; nones, pl., the noon-tide meal, PP. Comb.: nun-mete, a noon meal, Prompt.; none-chenche, a noon-drinking, nunchion, SkD; noone-steede, place of noon, meridian, S3; non-tid, noon-tide, S.—AS. nón; Lat. nōna (hora).
Nones, in phr. for þe nones (for for þen ones), i.e. for the once, for the nonce, for the occasion, S2, S3, C2; with the nones, on the condition, G. See Oones.
Nonne, sb. nun, S2, C, C2, P; nunne, PP.—OF. nonne; Late Lat. nonna; cp. AS. nunne, in the Laws (Schmid).
Nonnerie, sb. nunnery, S2.—OF. nonnerie.
Noot, 1 and 3 pr. s. know not, knows not, C; see Not.
Noppe, sb. nap (of cloth), Prompt., Cath.
Noppe, v. to take the nap off, Cath.—AS. hnoppian, see Voc.
Norice, sb. nurse, C, C2, SkD; nurice, SkD; nursche, W.—AF. norice; Lat. nutricem.
Norischen, v. to nourish, PP; norischi, S2; norishen, C2; nurischen, W, W2; nurschen, PP; norsshen, PP.—OF. noriss-, stem of norissant, pp. of norir; Lat. nutrire.
Norture, sb. good breeding, nurture, SkD, G.—AF. norture, noriture; Late Lat. nutritura (Ducange).
Noselen, v. to thrust the nose in, to nuzzle; nosyll, Palsg.; nousle, Sh. See Nese.
Noselen, v. to cause children to put their noses in, to nurse, to rear up, to fondle closely; nosell, S3; nousle, Sh.; nusled, pp., HD (s.v. nousle).
Nose-thirl, sb. nostril, W2; see Nese.
Not, 1 and 3 pr. s. know not, knows not, PP, S, S2; noot, PP, C; note, S3; niten, pl., S; nuten, S; nuste, pt. s., S, S2, PP; nyste, S2; niste, C2; neste, PP; nyst, pl., PP; nesten, S.—AS. nytan (= ne witan). See Witen.
Notable, adj. well-known, conspicuous, notorious, dazzling, WW.—OF. notable; Lat. notabilem.
Note, sb. nut, S, S2, Voc.; nute, SkD. Comb.: not-heed, a head like a nut, C; note-muge, nutmeg, S2, C2; note-migge, Prompt.; nut-shale, nutshell, S3.—AS. hnutu.
A better explanation of not-heed is ‘with the hair of the head closely cut.’ The verb to nott means to cut the hair close. ‘Tondre, to sheer, clip, cut, powle, nott’; Cotgrave.
Note, sb. business, attempt, employment, labour, S, S2, WA; not, B.—AS. notu, use, employment.
Noteful, adj. useful, serviceable, H.
Noten, v. to enjoy, S; notye, PP.—AS. notian, to enjoy; cp. Icel. neyta. Cf. Nayten.
Nother, neg. pron. and conj. neither, nor, PP, S, S2, SkD; nothir, B; nouðer, S, S2; nouþur, PP; nowðer, S; nawþer, S2; naðer, S; nor, SkD.—AS. náhwæðer (náwþer, náþer). See Other.
Nou, adv. now, PP, S, S2; nu, S, S2. Comb.: nou a dayes, now-a-days, PP; now and now, occasionally, C2.—AS. nú.
Nouche, sb. clasp, buckle, jewel, CM, WA; nowche, C2, Prompt., SkD; ouche, WW; owche, SkD; ouches, pl., broaches, monilles, Cotg., WW; owchis, WW.—OF. nouche, nosche, also nusche (Roland); OHG. nuscha.
Nought, neg. pron. and adv. nothing, not, C; nouht, S, PP; nouct, S; nouȝt, PP; noht, S; nocht, S; noȝt, S, S2; noght, S2; nout, S, S2; nowt, S; nowiȝt, S; nowiht, S; nacht, S; naht, S; nawiht, S; nawt, S; naut, S; naȝt, S2; naght, S2; nauȝt, PP, S2; naught, C2; nat, PP, S2, C; not, W; nogth, H (Ps. 108. 25); nouth, S (18. 442); nouthe, HD. Comb.: nocht forthi, notwithstanding, nevertheless, S2; noght forthi, H; nat for thy, S2.—AS. náwiht (= ne + áwiht). See Ought.
Nought, adj. worthless, bad, naught, naughty, WW; naught, S3; nauht, PP. 160 Der.: naughty, bad, WW, Sh.; nauȝty, having nothing, PP.
Noumbles, sb. pl. entrails of a deer or beast, Palsg.; nombles, burbilia, Cath. (n) HD, Voc.; nownbils, Cath.; nowmyllis, Cath. Phr.: numbles of a stag, nombles d’un cerf Cotg.—OF. nombles, pl.; cp. Late Lat. numbulus for Lat. lumbulus, dimin. of lumbus, loin.
Noumbren, v. to number, W2; see Nombren.
Noumpere, sb. umpire, arbitrator, SkD, P; nowmpere, Prompt.; nompeyr, PP; nounpere, PP; owmpere, Prompt.; umpere, SkD.—OF. non per, odd, not even; Lat. non parem.
Nouthe, adv. now, C, P; now þe, S2; nuðe, S.—AS. nú ðá, now then.
Nouelrie, sb. novelty, C2; nouellerie, S2.—OF. novelerie, from novel, novel, new.
Nouys, sb. novice, C2, Voc.; nouyce, WW.—OF. novice (Cotg.); Lat. nouicium.
Nowel, sb. Christmas, CM; nowelle, HD.—OF. noël; Lat. natalem.
Nowt, sb. cattle, S. See Neet.
Noye, sb. suffering, annoyance, PP; nuy, PP, S2; nwy, S2. See Anoy.
Noyen, v. to annoy, to grieve, to harm, S2, W, P, H; nuyen, 2; nwyen, S2. See Anoyen.
Noyful, adj. hurtful; noiful, W2.
Noynement; a noynement (for an oynement), an ointment, S2. See Oynement.
Noyous, adj. hurtful, annoying, W, WW (p. 421).
Nul, Nule, Nulle; see Nelle.
Nultu, wilt not, S; see Nelle.
Numen, pp. taken, seized, S; see Nimen.
Nummer, sb. number, S3; see Nombre.
Nunne, sb. nun, PP; see Nonne.
Nurhð, sb. murmuring, S.
Nurnen, v. to murmur, SD.—AS. gnornian, to mourn.
Nursche, sb. nurse, W; see Norice.
Nurschen, v. to nourish, PP; see Norischen.
Nuste, pt. s. knew not, S, S2, PP; see Not.
Nuy, sb. annoyance, S2; see Noye.
Nyce, adj. foolish, C2, C3, PP; nic- PP, C2; nise, PP; nyse, S2; nyss, S3.—OF. nice (Bartsch); Lat. nēscium, ignorant, see Brachet, § 60.
Nycete, sb. folly, B, PP; nycetee, C3 nysete, PP; nysste, B.—AF. nicet timidity, also in OF. sloth, simplicity (Cotg.).
Nyght, sb. night, Voc., PP; niȝt, S2, PP; nicht, S; nyht, S2; niht, S, PP; naht, SD; naȝt, S2; nyth, PP; night, pl., C; nigt, S; niht, adv., at night, by night, S; nihtes, S2; niȝtes, PP; nyghtes PP; nyȝtes, PP. Adv. phr.: a nyghtes PP; bi nihtes, S; bi nihte, S; a niȝt, S; o nigt, S. Comb.: nyhtegale, nightingale, S2; niȝtegale, S; nyghtingale C3; niȝtingale, S; nycht-hyrd, guardian of the night, S3; niht-old, a night old stale, not freshly gathered, S2; nyȝt-old PP; nightertale, the night-time, C; nyȝtertale, WA; naghtertale, S2.—AS. niht, neht, neaht: Goth. nahts; cp. Lat. noctem. With the deriv. nightertale cp. Icel. náttartal a number of nights.
Nygun, sb. niggard, miser, S2; nyggoun, G, CM. Cf. Nigard.
Nykken, v. in phr.: nykken with nay, to deny, refuse, HD.
Nymyl, adj. quick at seizing, nimble, active, Prompt.—AS. numol (in compounds). See Nimen.
Nyne, num. nine, PP; niȝen, S; neghen, S2; neoȝe, S2; nihe, S. Der.: nynt, ninth, S3; neynd, S2; nieþe, S.—AS. nigon (WS. neogon): Goth. niun; cp. Lat. nouem; see Brugrnann, § 152.
Nyrvyl, sb. a little man, Prompt.; nuruyll, a dwarf, Prompt.—Cp. Icel. nyrfill, a miser.
Nyȝ, adv. nigh, nearly, W, W2; see Neih.
161O, adv. ever, aye, always, S; oo, S2, NED; a, S; aa, S. Comb.: a buten, ever without, S, SkD (s.v. aye); a bute, S; for ay and oo, for ever and ever, NED.—AS. a (for áwa); cp. Goth. aiw, ever. Cf. Ay.
Obediencer, sb. an officer in a monastery, PP.—Church Lat. obedientiarius (Ducange).
Obeisant, adj. obedient, C2; obeysand, B.—OF. obeïssant, pr. p. of obeïr.
Obeisaunce, sb. obedience, C, C2; obeisances, pl., submissive acts, C2.—AF. obeïsaunce.
Obeiss, v. to obey, B; obeischen, S2, W; obeschynge, pr. p., W.—From OF. obeïss- stem of obeïssant, pr. p. of obeïr.
Obeley, sb. oblation, oblata, Voc.; see Oble.
Obeye, v. to obey, W, C2; obeiede, pt. s., W.—OF. obeier, for obeïr; Lat. obedire.
Oble, sb. oblation; obles, pl., oblationes, H.—OF. oble, Lat. oblatum; cp. OF. oblee (now oublie); Church Lat. oblata (Ducange). Cf. Ouelete.
Oblischen, v. to bind, W2; oblyse, JD; oblyste, pp., S3; oblysched, HD; oblisched, HD; oblyshed, HD.—AF. obliger; Lat. obligare.
Obout, adv. about, S2; see Abouten.
Obout-ga, v. to go about, S2.
O-brode, adv. abroad, P; see Abrode.
Obseruance, sb. homage, C, S3; obseruances, pl., attentions, C2.—OF. observance (Cotg.).
Obserue, v. to favour, C2.—OF. observer; Lat. obseruare.
Obumbrat, pp. overshadowed, S3.—Lat. obumbratus.
Oc, conj. but, S, HD; occ, S; see Ac.
Occean, sb. ocean, S2; occian, SD, W2; occyan, WA, HD.—AF. occyane; Late Lat. occeanus; Lat. oceanus: Gr. ὠκεανός.
Occident, sb. West, S2, S3, C3.—AF. occident; Lat. occidentem, pr. p. of occidere, to set (of the sun).
Occupy, v. to make use of, employ, possess, S3, C2, PP, B.—OF. occuper; Lat. occupare, see SkD.
Odde, adj. odd, single, S2, SD.—Cp. Icel. oddi, point of land, odd number. See Ord.
Oerre, sb. anger, S. See Eorre.
Of, prep. and adv. of, out of, from, by, off, S, S2, C2, C3, WW; o, S, S2, H; off, SkD; a, S2, PP, S3.—AS. of: Goth. af: OHG. aba (Tatian): Gr. ἀπό; see Sievers, 51, 130.
Of, though, H (Ps. 125. 1), WA.—For ME. þof. See Þoȝ.
Of-dreden, v. to frighten; reflex. to dread greatly, S; of-drade, S; of-dradde, pt. s., S; of-drad, pp., S; of-dred, S; of-dret, S2.—AS. of-drædan. Cf. A-drad (A- 3).
O-ferrum, adv. afar, S2; oferrom, WA; see Aferre.
Offensioun, sb. offence, damage, C; offencioun, W.—Lat. offensionem.
Of-feren, v. to terrify, SD; offearen, S; offerd, pp., S; oferd, S.
Offertoire, sb. offertory, anthem sung before the oblation, C.—OF. offertoire (Cotg.); Church Lat. offertorium.
Office, sb. office, C2; offiz, S; offices, pl., church services, PP.—AF. office (offyz); Lat. officium.
Offrende, sb. offering, S; offrand, H; offerands, pl., S2.—OF. offrande (Bartsch); Lat. offerenda; see Constans.
Offri, v. to offer, S; offren, S, PP; offrand, pr. p., S2; i-offred, pp., S.—AS. offrian; cp. OF. offerre (Bartsch); Lat. offerre.
Offringe, sb. offering, S; offrinke, S; offryng, C.
Of-fruht, pp. terrified, S; ofrigt, S; of-fruhte, pl., S.—Cp. AS. of-fyrhtan, to terrify.
Of-hungred, pp. an-hungred, PP; of-hongret, PP; of-hongred, PP; offingred, SD; afingred, SD; afingret, NED, HD; afyngred, NED, P, HD.—AS. of-hyngrod. Cf. A-hungerd.
Ofne, sb. dat. oven, S; see Ouen.
Of-newe, adv. anew, S3, C2, C3. Cf. Anewe.
Of-rechen, v. to obtain, overtake, attain, reach, S, PP (n); ofrauȝte, pt. pl., PP.
Ofrigt, pp. terrified, S; see Of-fruht.
162Of-saken, v. to deny, SD.—AS. of-sacan. Cp. A-saken. (A- 3.)
Of-scapie, v. to escape, S2. See Ascapie.
Of-sen, v. to perceive; ofsaw, pt. s., S2; ofseie, S2.—AS. of-séon.
Of-senden, v. to send for, S2; of-sente, pt. s., S2, PP; of-sent, P.
Of-seruen, v. to merit, deserve, SD, S.
Of-slen, v. to slay; of-sloh, pt. s., SD; of-sloȝen, pl., S; of-slaȝen, pp., S; of-slæȝen, S; of-slaȝe, S.—AS. of-sléan.
Of-spring, sb. offspring, S; ofspreng, S; ofsprung, S; ospryng, HD; ox-spring, S2.—AS. of-spring.
Of-taken, pp. taken away, C2.
Ofte, adv. often, S, C2; oft, PP, WW; oftere, comp., S; ofter, S, C2. Comb.: oftesiðen, oftentimes, SD; ofte siðe, SD; ofte sithes, C, S3 (s.v. eft); oft siss, S2, B; ofte-time, ofttimes, SD; oft tyme, PP.—AS. oft: OHG. ofto (Otfrid): Goth. ufta; cp. Gr. ὕπατος, superl. of ὑπέρ; see Sievers, 25.
Often, adj. frequent, WW.
Of-teonen, v. to vex, irritate; of-teoned, pp., S.
Of-þunchen, v. to be sorry for, to repent, S; of-þinche, S; of-þinke, S; of-ðuhte, pt. s., S.—AS. of-þyncan.
Of-þurst, pp. athirst, S; of-þerst, PP; afyrst, PP; afurst, PP; afrust, PP.—AS. of-þyrsted (Grein).
Of-wundred, pp. amazed; of-uundred, S.
Og, pr. s. possesses, S; see Owen.
Ogain, prep., adv. against, again, NED; see Aȝein.
Ogaines, prep. against, S2; ogaynes, S2; see Aȝeines.
Ogain-saghe, sb. contradiction, S2. Cf. Igainsawe.
Ogain-torne, v. to turn again, S2.
Ogremoyne, sb. agrimony, Voc.; see Agrimony.
Oht, sb. aught, anything, S2; see Ought.
Oht, adj. valiant, doughty, S; see Auht.
Ohtliche, adv. valiantly, NED; see Ahtlice.
Oise, sb. use, H; oyse, H; oys, JD, HD; oyss, B.—AF. us; Lat. usum.
Oise, v. to use, H; oyse, H, HD; oysede, pp., HD; oysit, B.—OF. user.
Oist, sb. an army, B; oyst, B; see Oost.
Ok, Oke, pt. s. aked, MD; see Aken.
Oker, sb. usury, SD; okir, S2; okyr, Cath.; okur, SD; ocker, H; okere, H.—Icel. ókr: AS. wócor, increase, growth, fruit; cp. OHG. wuachar, gain (Otfrid).
Okerer, sb. usurer, S2, H, Cath.; okerere, S2; okyrere, H.
Okering, sb. usury, S2; okeringe, H.
Old, adj. old, Voc.; eald, MD; ald, MD, S, S2; oold, MD; hold, S, MD; eld, MD, W2; eeld, W2; auld, S3; olt, S2; ealde, S, MD; alde, MD, S2; olde, Voc.; elde, S, W; yealde, MD; aulde, MD; alder, comp., MD; ælder, MD; eldre, S, W; elder, S, C2; eldure, S; eldore, S2; heoldre, S; elþer, S2; aldeste, superl., S; heldeste, MD; eldoste, S2.—AS. eald, ald; cp. OHG. alt (Otfrid).
Oldli, adj. old, W2.
Oliuere, sb. olive-yard, C2.—Late Lat. olivarium (Ducange).
Oluhnen, v. to flatter, S.
Oluhnung, sb. blandishment, flattery; olhnunge, dat., S.
Olyfaunte, sb. elephant, Cath., Voc.; olefawnt, Voc.; oliphant, S3; olifant, WA; ollivant, HD; olyfaunce, pl., HD.—OF. olifant, elephant, ivory, ivory horn, also elefant; Lat. elephantem; Gr. ἐλέφας (-αντα).
On, prep. on, at, in, among, of, S, S2, S3, C2, WW; one, S; onne, S; a, S, S2, C2, PP; o, S, S2, H; an, S, S2, PP.—AS. an, on.
On-, prefix (1), standing for On, prep.
On-, prefix (2), standing for AS. and-, against, in return, toward.—AS. on-, ond-, and-, Goth. and-, anda-; cp. OHG. ant- (ent-).
On-, prefix (3), with negative force; see Un- 1.
On-, prefix (4), before verbs; see Un- 2.
Onan, adv. at once, S2; onon, S, S3; see An-on.
On-bydraw, v. to withdraw; on-bydrew, pt. s., S3. (On- 4.)
On-come, sb. attack, JD; on-comys, pl., H. (On- 1.)
Onde, sb. breath, emotion, hatred, envy S, S2, HD, CM; aande, WA; ande, MD H, WA, Cath.; aynd, JD, B; hand, S2.—AS. anda: OS. ando; cp. Icel. andi, breath, the spirit (in theology).
163Ondful, adj. envious, MD; ontful, S.
Ond-swere, sb. answer, S; see Answere.
Ondswerien, v. to answer, S; see Answeren.
Ondyn, v. to breathe, Prompt.; ande, Cath.
Ondyng, sb. smelling, PP; aynding, B.
Ones, adv. once, S2, S3, C3, G, P; see Oones.
One-sprute, sb. inspiration, S2.
On-ferrum, adv. afar, S2; see Aferre. (On- 1.)
On-fon, v. to receive, endure; onnfoð, pr. s., S; onfanged, pt. s., S2.—AS. on-fón for ond-fón, see Sievers, 198, 5. 1. Cf. Afon. (On- 2.)
Ongel, sb. angel, S; see Angel.
On-halsien, v. to adjure, entreat, S. (On- 1.)
Onhede, sb. unity, Voc.; see Oonhed.
Oniȝt, adv. by night, S; see A-nyghte.
On-imete, adj. immeasurable, S; see Unimet. (On- 3.)
On-lappyt, pt. s. unfolded, S3; see Unlappe.
On-lepi, adj. only, S, S2; see Oonlepy.
Onlepiliche, adv. only, singly, S MD.
On-lesum, adj. not allowable, S3; see Unleuesum. (On- 3.)
Onlich, adj. only, S; see Oonli.
On-lofte, adv. aloft, S2, C2; see Alofte. (On- 1.)
On-losti, adj. idle, S2; see Unlusti.
On-lyue, adv. alive, C2, G; onliue, S.—AS. on lífe. Cf. Alyue. (On- 1.)
Onond, prep. as regards, respecting, S; onont, S; see An-ent.
On-rounde, adv. around, S2. (On- 1.)
On-sage, sb. affirmation, charge; on-sagen, pl. dat., S.—AS. on-sagu, affirmation (Schmid), for ond-sagu, see Sievers, 198, 5. 1. (On- 2.)
On-sene, sb. face, SD; onsene, dat., S.—AS. on-séon, on sýn, an-sýn (Mt. 28. 3). (On- 1.)
On-side, adv. aside, NED. (On- 1.)
On-sides, adv. aside, NED.
On-sidis-hond, adv. aside, S2.
On-sihðe, sb. appearance, S. (On- 1.)
On-slepe, adv. asleep, S2. (On- 1.)
On-spekinde, pr. p. unspeaking, unspeakable, S2. (On- 3.)
On-swere, sb. answer, S; see Answere.
On-swerde, pt. s. answered, S; see Answeren.
On-tenden, v. to set on fire; ontent, pr. s., S; ontende, pp., S.—AS. on-tendan. Cf. Atenden. (On- 1.)
Ontful, adj. envious, S; see Ondful.
On-þolyinde, pr. p. not enduring, intolerable, S2. (On- 3.)
On-till, prep. until, to, B; see Until.
On-todelinde, pr. p., adj. undividing, indivisible, S2.—AS. un-todǽlende. (On- 3.)
On-uppe, prep. above, S; see An-uppe.
On-vale, v. to unveil, S3. (On- 4.)
On-uast, prep. fast by, S.
On-wald, sb. power; anwalde, dat., S; anwolde, S; onwalde, S; onwolde, S.—AS. anwald. (On- 1.)
On-wurþi, adj. unworthy, Prompt.; see Unwurði.
On-zyginde, pr. p. unseeing, used in sense of ‘invisible,’ S2. (On- 3.)
Ook, sb. oak, C2, C3; ak, Voc.; ok, S2; ake, Voc.; oke, Voc., Cath., G; akis, pl., S3.—AS. ác; cp. OHG. eich (eih). Cf. Noke.
Oon, num. and indef. art. one, S2, S3, C2, C3, G; an, one, an, S, S2, H; ane, MD, S3, H; a, MD, S2, H; on, S, S2, S3, C2, G; one, MD, S, S2; o, S, S2, S3, C3, G; oo, S3, C3; æn, S; ann, S; ænne, S; enne, S, S2; ene, S; anæ, S; ane, S; onne, S; ore, dat. f., S. Phr.: by him one, by himself, MD; be it ane, by itself, H (Ps. 101. 7); all himm ane, all by himself, S; hire ane, by herself, S; ower ones, of you alone, S.—AS. án.
Oone-fold, adj. onefold, single, simple, MD; anfald, S, HD.—AS. án-feald.
Oones, adv. once, G; ones, MD, S2, S3, C3, G, P; onis, P; onys, W2; enes, S, S2; æness, S. Phr.: at anes, at once, MD; et enes, S; at ones, MD, S2, C3; at ans, S2; at oones, G.—AS. ánes, gen. m. of án, used in ME. adverbially. AS. ǽne is used to express ‘once, at once.’ Cf. Nones.
Oonhed, sb. unity, HD (p. 588); one-heede, HD; onhede, Voc.; anhed, H; anhede, H.
Oonlepy, adj., adv. only, sole, MD; onlepi, S, S2; olepi, S, S2; anlepi, S, H.—AS. án-lepig.
Oonli, adj. only, sole, MD; onlich, MD, 164 S; anli, anly, H. Comb.: anly stede, solitude, H.—AS. án-lic, ǽn-lic.
Oonli, adv. only, W; onliche, PP; onlych, S2; oneliche, PP; anli, MD; anly, S2; onli, MD; oneli, W (John 5. 18).
Oor, sb. ore, unrefined metal, S2; ore, Voc.; oore, Manip.—AS. ór (SkD).
Oost, sb. an army, B, S3, W, W2; oist, B; oyst, B; ost, B, S2; oostis, pl., W, W2.—AF. ost, host; Lat. hostem, enemy, stranger.
Ooste, sb. host, inn-keeper, MD; ost, CM, MD; host, MD; hoost, C; hoste, dat., MD.—OF. oste, hoste; Lat. hospitem.
Open, adj. open, S2, SD; ope, S; upon, S2; opyn. W; opene, pl., S.—AS. open; cp. Icel. opinn, and OHG. offan (Otfrid).
Open-heaued, adj. bare-headed, S.
Openin, v. to open, explain, S; oppenand, pr. p., S2.—AS. (ge-)openian.
Open-lic, adj. open, S2; openliche, adv., S; opeliche, S.—AS. openlic, adv. openlice.
Opposen, v. to question, SkD; oposyn, Prompt.; opposed, pt. s., PP.—OF. opposer; Lat. ob + pausare. Cf. Aposen.
Opye, sb. opium, C, CM.—OF. opie; Lat. opium; Gr. ὄπιον, poppy-juice, from ὀπός, sap.
Or, pron. your, S2; ore, S2; see Ȝoure.
Or, prep., conj., adv. before. Comb.: or ever, WW. See Er.
Or-, prefix, out, without, excessive.—AS. or-: OHG. ur- (Tatian): Goth. us-. Cf. A- 1.
Oratorye, sb. a place for prayer, C.—OF. oratoire; Lat. oratorium (Vulg.).
Orcheȝard, sb. orchard, S3; orchærd, SD; orchard, Voc.—AS. orcerd (Voc.), ort-geard, (BT): Goth. aurtigards; see Fick, 7. 35.
Ord, sb. point, beginning, S, HD, C2; orde, dat., S.—AS. ord (Voc.); cp. OHG. ort, a point, limit, district, Icel. oddr, ‘cuspis;’ see Kluge.
Ordal, sb. ordeal, a severe test before judge, CM, SkD.—AS. or-dél, OS. ur-déli; cp. OHG. ur-deili, ‘judicium’ (Otfrid). (Or-.)
Ordeynen, v. to ordain, appoint, S2, PP; ordayny, S2; ordand, pt. s., S3; ordeigned, P; ordaynt, pp., S2; i-ordeyned, S2.—AF. ordeiner, OF. ordener Lat. ordinare.
Ordeynour, sb. arranger, S2.
Ordinance, sb. provision, array, S2.—AF. ordinance (ordenance).
Ordinatly, adv. in good order, S3.
Ordre, sb. order, PP, C3; ordres, pl., orders (of friars), PP; holy orders, PP.—AF. ordre; OF. ordene, ordine; Lat. ordinem.
Ordren, v. to arrange, rank, SD; i-ordret, pp., S.
Ore, sb. oar, S; are, MD; ayr, B; ores, pl., S.—AS. ár.
Ore, num. dat. fem. one, S; see Oon.
Ore, sb. honour, grace, favour, clemency, happy augury, S, S2, G, CM; see Are.
Ore-les, adj. merciless, S2; oreleas, S; see Areles.
Orest, adj. and adv. superl. first, S; see Er.
Orf, sb. an inheritance, hence, cattle, S, S2.—Icel. arfr. See Erfe.
Organ, sb. organ, PP; organs, pl., organum, Voc.; orguns, harps (= organa), W2; orgoyns, H.—Lat. organum; Gr. ὄργανον.
Orgeilus, adj. proud, S, SD; orgillous, Sh.—OF. orgueilleus (Bartsch).
Orgel, sb. pride, SD; orhel, S; orgul, SD.—AS. orgel; cp. OF. orguel (Bartsch). Probably of Teut. origin; cp. OHG. ur-gilo, excessively, oppressively (Otfrid). (Or-.)
Orient, sb. the East, S3, C2.—AF. orient Lat. orientem, the rising (sun).
Orientales, sb. pl. sapphires, P.
Orisoun, sb. prayer, orison, C, S2; ureisun, S; oreisouns, pl., S2; orisons, C3.—AF. oreison, (ur-), oraisun; Church Lat. orationem, prayer, from orare, to pray.
Orlege, sb. time-teller, JD; see Orologe.
Orleger, sb. clock, dial, S3; orlager, JD. See above.
Or-mete, adj. immense, S.—AS. ormǽte.
Orologe, sb. time-teller, dial, clock, S3; orloge, Cath. (n); orlogge, C, CM; horologe, Voc.; orlege, JD; horlege, Cath., Prompt. (p. 120); orlage, Voc.—Lat. horologium; Gr. ὠρολόγιον; cp. F. horloge, Sp. relox (Minsheu).
Orped, adj. valiant, S2, HD, SD; orpud, Prompt.; orpid, HD; orpit, proud, also fretful, habitually chiding, JD; 165 horpid, SD; horpyd, HD; orpede, HD; used as a descriptive personal name, Bardsley; horpede, Bardsley.
Orpedliche, adv. boldly, SD; orpedlich, HD; orpedli, SD.
Orpedschipe, sb. bravery, SD.
Orpiment, sb. orpiment, C2.—AF. orpiment, Late Lat. auripigmentum; Lat. aurum, gold + pigmentum, colouring material.
Orpine, sb. a kind of stone-crop, Cath., SkD; yellow arsenic, HD; orpyne, Voc.; orpin, telepinum, Manip.; orpyn, crassula major, Prompt.—OF. orpin, orpin; also orpine, orpiment, or arsenic (Cotg.).
Orrible, adj. horrible, MD.—OF. orrible; Lat. horribilem.
Orrour, sb. horror, dread, W2.—OF. orreur (Bartsch); Lat. horrorem.
Orts, sb. pl. remnants, Sh.; ortus, Prompt.; ortys, Cath.—AS. *or-ǽt, ‘reliquiae pabuli’; cp. ODu. oor-ete, what is left after eating. (Or-.)
Osse, sb. omen, prophecy, ND.
Osse, v. to prophesy, HD; osses, pr. s., WA; ossed, pp., WA.—OF. oser, to venture, to dare; Late Lat. ausare (It. ausare), from Lat. audere (pp. aus-us).
Ossing, sb. attempt, WA. See above.
Ostage, sb. hostage, S2; hostage, B.—AF. ostage (hostage); Late Lat. *obsidaticum (cp. It. statico.), from Lat. obsidem, hostage, one who remains behind, from obsid-, stem of obsidere.
Oste, sb. host, MD; ost, CM, MD; see Ooste.
Ostel, sb. hostel, Prompt., MD; hostel, MD; osteyl, HD; ostayle, HD.—OF. ostel, hostel; Lat. hospitale, relating to a guest. See Ooste.
Ostelere, sb. inn-keeper, Prompt.; ostiler, W; hostiler, C; hostellere, P.
Ostelrie, sb. hostelry, MD, CM; hostelrie, C.
Ostery, sb. inn, HD, MD; ostrie, W; hostery, MD.
Ostryche, sb. ostrich, Voc.; ostridge, Cotg.; estridge, HD; ostrigis, pl., W2.—OF. ostruce (Cotg.), austruce (Brachet): Sp. avestruz; Late Lat. avis-strucio; strucio for struthio; Gr. στρουθίων an ostrich, from στρουθός, a bird.
Otes, sb. pl. oats, C2, P; otys, Voc.—AS. áte (OET).
Oter, sb. otter, S; otyr, Voc.; otyre, HD.—AS. otor (Voc.).
Oth, prep. and conj. up to, until; oð, S; a, S, NED (p. 3 c). Comb.: a-þet, until that, S.—AS. óð: OS. and Goth. und. Cf. Un- 3.
Oth, sb. oath, MD; oþ, S, S2, C; ot, S; athes, pl., S; oþes, S, C2, C3.—AS. áð: Goth. aiths; cp. OHG. eid (Tatian).
Oðer, conj. either . . . or, S, S2, S3, C3; ouðer, S2, H, G; or, S; adv. even, S2; auþer, HD.—AS. á-hwæðer (óhwæðer, áwðer, ówðer, áuðer, áðer, áðor). See Sievers, 346.
Other, adj. second, relating to one of two, other, S, S2, G. Phr.: day and other, continually, G.—AS. oðer: OS. óðar, andar; cp. OHG. ander (Otfrid), Goth. anthar, Skt. antara. For the suffix -thar cf. Forther.
Other-gatis, adv. otherwise, H.
Oðer-luker, adv. comp. otherwise, S.—AS. óðerlicor.
Oðer-weies, adv. in another way, otherwise, S; otherweyes, C2.
Oþer-while, adv. occasionally, S2, P.
Otherwyse, adv. on any other condition, C2.
O-twinne, apart, in two, S; otwyn, H. Cf. Atwynne. (O-.)
Ou, pron. you, S, S2, PP; see Ȝou.
Ought, sb. aught, anything, S2, C2; awiht, eawiht, MD; oht, MD, S2; ohht, S; ouȝt, W; oȝt, S; ouct, S; out, S; ahct, S; ahte, S.—AS. á-wiht. Cf. Auht.
Ouh, pr. s. possesses, S; ouhte, pt. s., S; oughten, pt. pl., C2; see Owen.
Oule, sb. owl, S2; hule, S; oules, pl., C2.—AS. úle (Voc.).
Oule, v. to howl, ululare, Manip.
Ounce, sb. ounce, C2; ouns, Voc.; unce, C, Cath.—AF. unce; Lat. uncia. See Inche.
Ouphe, sb. elf, Sh.; see Aulf.
Our, pron. your, S; oure, S2, PP; see Ȝoure.
Our-, prefix. Look for words as if spelt Ouer-. See Ouer- (= Over-) below.
Oure, pron. poss. our, W; ure, S, S2; ur, S, S2; hure, S; hur, S; oure, ours, W; ourun, W; ures, pl., S2.—AS. úre, úser, of us, our: Goth. unsara.
Ournement, sb. ornament, W2.—OF. ornement.
Ournen, v. to adorn, W2; ournede, pt. s., W2; ourned, pp., W, W2.—OF. orner; Lat. ornare.
166Ournyng, sb. an adorning, W.
Ous, pron. dat. and acc. us, S2, PP; ows, PP; vus, S2; us, C2. Comb.: us self, ourselves, S, C2; us selue, P; us silf, W.—AS. ús: Goth. uns.
Out, adv. out, WA; ut, S; owt, B; oute, WA; out, interj., away! S2; uttere, adj. comp., outer, S; utter, C3; uttereste, superl., extreme, C2; outemest, SD. Comb.: utmer, outer, W; uttermere, W2; utnume, exceptionally, S; out taken, except, S2, C3; out takun, W, W2; outtane, S2; outane, B; owtane, B; utward, outward, S; ute wit, outside, S2; outwith, WA.
Out, sb. aught, S; see Ought.
Out-beren, v. to bear out, S2.
Out-blasten, v. to blow out; out-blaste, pt. s., S2.
Out-bray, v. to bray out, S3.
Out-breiden, v. to awake; oute-breyde, pt. s., S2.
Out-bresten, v. to burst out; owt-brastyng, pr. p., S3; ute-brast, pt. s., S2; out-brast, S3.
Outen, adj. strange, foreign, S2.
Outen, v. to utter, C2, C3, SkD (s.v. utter).—AS. útian.
Outerly, adv. utterly, C2, C3; uterly, S3 (s.v. al); utrely, S2.
Outhees, sb. the hue and cry. C, HD; utheste, S.—Low Lat. uthesium (Schmid), for hutesium (huesium), from OF. huter (huer), see Ducange. (s.v. huesium). See Houten.
Ouðer, conj. either, or, SD, S2, H; see Oðer.
Out-ioiyng, sb. extreme joy, W2.
Out-lawe, sb. outlaw, PP, Manip.; ut-laȝe, S.—AS. útlaga (Schmid); Icel. útlaga, outlawed, útlagi, outlaw.
Out-leden, v. to produce, educere; oute-leden, S2.
Out-let, sb. outlet; utlete, dat., S.—Cp. Icel. út-lát.
Outrage, sb. outrage, excessive insult, SD, H, B, luxus, Manip.; owterage, excessus, Prompt.—OF. outrage, oltrage; cp. It. oltraggio (Florio), Low Lat. ultragium; from OF. oltre; Lat. ultra.
Outrage, adj. outrageous, S3; wtrage, S3; owtrage, S3.
Outrage, v. to outrage, destroy, to lose temper, C2; outrayed, pt. s. S3.—OF. oultrager (Cotg.).
Outragely, adv. superfluously, H.
Outrageous, adj. excessive, C3, B.
Outrageusly, adv. excessively, H.
Outrance, sb. excess, extremity, S3, JD.—OF. oultrance (Cotg.).
Outrayed, pt. s. destroyed, S3; see Outrage, v.
Outren, v. to utter, to put out and circulate, SkD.
Out-ryde, v. to ride out, PP; to outride, overtake in riding, S.
Out-senden, v. to send out, S2.
Out-take, v. to take out, except, deliver, S2; out toke, pt. s., S2; out taken, pp., S2, C3; out takun, W, W2; out tane, S2; outakun, W2. See Out.
Ouȝt, sb. aught, W; see Ought.
Ouȝte, pt. s. possessed, W; see Owen.
Ouelete, sb. the oblation in the Eucharist, S.—AS. ofléte (Leo), oflate (OET); Church Lat. oblata (Ducange). Cf. Oble.
Ouen, sb. oven, S; ofne, dat., S.—AS. ofen, OHG. ofan (Tatian): Goth. auhns: OTeut. stem *uhwna-, see Douse, p. 80.
Ouer, prep., adv. over, above, beyond, S, C2, W; uferr, S; our, S2, S3, B; oure, S3; ouer, adj., upper, C, SkD; ouerer, comp., W2, H; ouereste, superl., C, S2. Comb.: oueral, all over, everywhere, S, S2, C, C2, C3; ouur al, S2; ouir litil, too little, Prompt.; or-litel, S2; ouer mykel, over much, S2; ouer þwert, across, perverse, S2, W; ouer thwart, across, crossways, C; our-thwort, S3, B.—AS. ofer: Goth. ufar (see Sievers, 25. 1); cp. OHG. ubar (Otfrid).
Ouer-, prefix, over-; our-, B; or-, S2.
Ouer-cummen, v. to overcome, S; ouercome, S, S2, W2; ofercom, pt. s., S; ouercom, S2; ouercumen, pp., S; ouercome, S2.—AS. ofer-cuman.
Ouer-dede, sb. excess, S.
Ouer-fare, v. to pass over, S2.—AS. ofer-faran.
Our-fret, pt. s. fretted over, S3.
Ouer-gan, v. to go over, superare, SD, S2; ouergon, S, W; ourga, B; ouergon, pp., S2.—AS. ofer-gán: OHG. ubar-gán (Otfrid).
Our-hailing, pr. p. overhauling, considering, S3.
Our-heldand, pr. p. covering over, S3.
Ouer-howen, v. to disregard, despise; ofer-howeð, pr. s., S; ofer-hoȝien, SD.
Ouer-lede, v. to domineer over. P.
167Ouer-leiyng, sb. pressure, W.
Ouer-liggen, v. to lie upon, S.—AS. ofer-licgan.
Ouer-lippe, sb. upper lip, S2, C.
Ouer-lop, sb. omission, S2.
Ouerlyng, sb. a superior, H, HD.
Ouer-maistrien, v. to overmaster, P.
Ouermastes, sb. pl. summits, S2.
Ouer-non, sb. afternoon, S2 (1 a. 164).
Ouer-sen, v. to observe, survey, look down upon, to despise, overlook, P; ouersihð, pr. s., S; ouerseȝ, pt. s., S (16. 30); ouer-sene, pp., WW, S3; ouer-seye (me), pp., forgotten myself, P.—AS. ofer-séon.
Ouer-sloppe, sb. upper garment, C3.
Our-straught, pp. Streched across, S3.
Ouer-take, v. to overtake, SD; ouertan, pp., S2; ourtane, B.
Ouer-þogt, adj. anxious, S.
Over-throwe, v. to fall down, G; overthrew, pt. s., G.
Ouer-tild, pp. covered over, S.—AS. ofer-teldan to cover over.
Ouertlye, adv. openly, S2.—From AF. overt) pp. of ovrir, OF. aövrir, aüvrir, Prov. adubrir; Lat. ad + de + operire.
Ouer-trowynge, pr. p. anxious, overconscious, W.
Ouer-walten, v. to overflow, S2.
Ouer-wente, pt. s. overcame, S. See Ouer-gan.
Ouet, sb. fruit, S2.—AS. ofet; cp. OHG. obaz (G. obst), Du. ooft; see Kluge.
Ow, interj. alas! G.
Ow, pron. you, S, S2; see Ȝou.
Owai, adv. away, S2. Phr.: owai do þam, do away with them, destroy them, S2. See Away.
Owel, sb. awl, S, Voc.; see Aul.
Owen, v. to have, possess, to have to do, to be obliged, to owe, MD, S, Cs, PP; oȝen, S; aȝen, S; aȝhenn, MD; aghe, H; awen, MD; agen, S; ahen, S; owe, pr. s., P; og, S; ouh, S; aȝh, S2; ah, S; au, S2; ouhte, pt. s., PP, S; ouȝte, PP, W; auhte, S; aucte, S; ahte, S; aghte, H; agte, S; aȝte, S2; auȝt, W; aght, S2; aucht, pl., S2; oughten, C2.—AS. ágan, 1 and 3 pr. s. áh (pl. ágon), pt. áhte, pp. ágen.
Owen, adj. own, S, S2, S3, C2, C3, PP; oȝen, S, S2; ogen, S; aȝen, S; agen, S; aȝhenn, S; ahen, S; awin, S3; awyn, S3; awn, S3; owe, S, S2; oghe, S; oge, S; oune, S, S2, PP; oȝene, S2; oghne, S2.—AS. ágen, own, possessed, pp. of ágan, to possess.
Ower, pron. your, S; see Ȝoure.
O-wher, adv. somewhere, anywhere, C, C3, SD (s.v. âwhēr, p. 12); owhar, SD, S2 (7. 417); ouer (for ouuer ?), S.—AS. á-hwǽr. See O (adv.).
O-whider, adv. anywhither, SD (p. 12); o-hwider, S.—AS. á-hwider. See O (adv.).
O-whils, conj. on whiles, during the time that, H.
Oxe, sb. ox, S; exen, pl., HD; oxis, W.—AS. oxa: OHG. ohso (Tatian): Goth. auhsa; cp. Skt. ukshan. The AS. pl. forms are oxan, œxen, exen.
Oxe-stalle, sb. ox-stall, C2.
Oxspring, sb. offspring, S2; see Of-spring.
Oyle, sb. oil, C3, MD; oylle, S2; oyele, S2; oli, MD; oilles, pl., flattery, PP. Phr.: bere up oile, to flatter, PP (n); hilde vp þe kynges oyl, Trevisa, 3. 447, see NQ (6. 1. 75).—AF. oile, olie; Late Lat. olium; Lat. oleum. Cf. Ele.
Oynement, sb. ointment, W, C; oynementis, pl., S3, W.—AF. oignement, from ongier, to anoint; Lat. ungere. Cf. Noynement.
Oyntynge, sb. anointing, H.
Oynoun, sb. onion, CM; oynon, Voc.; oingnum, Voc.; oynouns, pl., C; oyneȝones, HD.—AF. oynoun (F. oignon); Lat. unionem.
Oȝein, prep. against, MD; see Aȝein.
Oȝeines, prep. in comparison with, S; see Aȝeines.
Oȝen, v. to owe, S; see Owen, v.
Oȝen, adj. own, S; see Owen, adj.
168Padde, sb. toad, SkD; pades, pl., S; paddis, SkD. Comb.: pad-stoole, toad-stool, Manip.—Icel. padda.
Paddok, sb. toad, Prompt.; frog, W2; paddoke, rana, Voc. (n); padockes, pl., grenouilles, Palsg. Comb.: paddok-stole, fungus, toad-stool, Cath.
Paene, adj. pagan, S; see Payen.
Pagent, sb. a pageant, pagina, Prompt.; pageant, scena, theatrum, Manip.
Pagent, sb. a page, writing; see below.
Pagyne, sb. page, writing, HD; pagine, SkD; pagent, SkD (s.v. page). Phr.: perfeccioun of dyuyne pagyne, H (p. 4).—Lat. pagina, a written page, that which is written, a paragraph or book.
Pak, sb. a small bundle, PP; pakke, sarcina, Prompt.
Pakken, v. to pack, PP, Prompt.
Pak-nelde, sb. packing-needle, PP; pakneelde, S2; paknedle, PP.
Pakok, sb. a peacock, PP; see Pecok.
Palesye, sb. paralysis, palsy, PP, S2; perlesy, HD; palesye, PP, S2; palesie, S2; palasie, S2; palacye, PP; palesy, W; palsye, P, Prompt.; parlesy, Cath., SkD.—OF. paralysie; Lat. paralysin; from Gr. παράλυσις.
Paleys, sb. palace, C, C2, PP; paleis, PP; palais, S; palys, PP; paleyses, pl., PP; paleis, PP.—AF. paleis, OF. palais; Lat. palatium.
Palfrey, sb. palfrey, saddle-horse, S2, C, PP; palfray, PP; palefrei, S.—AF. palefrei, OF. palefreid (Roland); Low Lat. paraveredum.
Palle, sb. the archbishop’s pallium, funeral pall, a costly kind of texture, a canopy, Prompt., HD, Voc.; pall, HD, WA; pal, S; pelle, Prompt., S; pell, S2; pelles, pl., S. Comb.: pallen webis, fabrics of pall or fine cloth, WA.—Late Lat. pallium and palla, see Ducange; cp. OF. pale, a kind of cloth (Ducange), and AS. pæll, a rich texture (Voc.).
Pallen, v. to pall, to become vapid, Prompt., Palsg., SkD; palled, pp. enfeebled, C3.—OF. pallir, to grow pale; see Constans.
Palme, sb. palm (tree), palm of victory, WA; palm, palm-branch, C3.—AF. palme; Lat. palma.
Palmere, sb. palmer, S, PP; palmers, pl. S2.—AF. palmer; Church Lat. palmarium (acc.). See above.
Palmestrye, sb. palmistry, S3. See Paume.
Paltok, sb. jacket, PP, Prompt.; paltocke, HD, Palsg.; paltoke, Voc.—OF. paletocque (Prompt., n). For cognates, see SkD (s.v. paltry).
Pament, sb. pavement, S3; see Pauement.
Pane, sb. a part or division of a thing, a skirt, Prompt., HD, SkD.—OF. pan, a piece (Bartsch); Lat. pannum (acc.). Cf. Peny.
Panel, sb. a division, compartment, jurylist, piece of cloth on horse’s back, Cath. (n) PP, Sh.; panell, PP; panelle, subsellium. Cath.; pannell, HD, Palsg.—AF. panel. See above.
Paneter, sb. butler, PP; pantere, Voc.; panter, PP.—AF. panneter; Late Lat. panetarium (acc.). See Payn.
Panne, sb. pan, brain-pan, skull, PP, C3, Voc., Prompt.; ponne, PP; pan, C.—AS. panne (Voc.); cp. Low Lat. panna (Ducange), and G. pfanne.
Pans, sb. pl. pence, W; see Peny.
Panter, sb. painter, pictor, Voc. See Peynten.
Panter, sb. a net, snare, CM, HD, Voc.; pantere, Prompt.; panther, Palsg., HD.—OF. pantiere; Late Lat. panthēra; Gr. πανθήρα; see Ducange.
Pantere, sb. panther, S3, Voc.—OF. pantere; Lat. panthēra; from Gr. πάνθηρ
Panyer, sb. pannier, bread-basket, PP; payneres, pl., PP.—AF. panyer. See Payn.
Papejay, sb. parrot, popinjay, C2; popeiay, PP; papinjay. Voc.; popinjay, Voc.; popyngay, S3, HD; papyngay, HD; papingais, pl., S3; popyngayes, S3.—AF. papejaye parrot (mod. papegai); cp. OF. papegaux pl.; Low Lat. pappagallus by popular etymology from the Low Gr. παπαγάς, see Ducange.
Pappe, sb. breast, S, Voc.; pappes, pl., S (n), WW; pappys, HD.
Par, prep. by, with. Comb.: par amour, by love, with love, C; for paramour, for 169 love, C2; paramour, a lover (of either sex), C, WA; paranioure, Manip.; par auenture, peradventure, S2, C2, C3, PP; perauntere, H; parauntre, S2; perauenture, W; par cas, by chance, C3; par de (par Dieu), C, C3; pardee, C2 par fay, by my faith, C2, C3.
Par-; see also under Per-.
Parage, sb. kindred, family; hence, birth, descent, HD, JD, CM; equality, DG.—AF. parage; Late Lat. *paraticum, an equality, from Lat. par, equal. Cf. Disparage.
Parcel, sb. part, share, little bit, PP; parcele, WA.—AF. parcele, part; Late Lat. particella; cp. It. particella.
Parcel-mele, adv. separately, bit by bit, PP; percel-mel, S2, PP.
Parcenel, sb. partner, H.
Parcenelynge, sb. partnership, H.
Parcener, sb. sharer, HD, W2; partener, W; partynere, S3; parceneris, pl., W, W2; parteneris, W; partyneris, W.—AF. parcenere, parsenere, pl. parceners, perceners; Late Lat. partionarinm (acc.).
Parchementer, sb. preparer of parchment, Cath.; parmenter, Voc.
Parchemyn, sb. parchment, W, PP; perchemyn, PP; perchemen, WA.—AF. parchemin, Gr. περγαμηνή from Πέργαμος (cp. Lat. pergamena).
Parchment; see Passamen.
Parclos, sb. an enclosure, partition, screen, S3, Palsg.; parcloos, Prompt.; perclos, HD; perclose, HD.—OF. parclos, pp., closed completely; Lat. per + clausum.
Pardon, sb. pardon, PP.—AF. pardun.
Pardoner, sb. a seller of pardons, C, PP; pardonere, Prompt.
Parement, sb. an adorning, C2, CM; paramentz, pl., C. Phr.: chambre of parementz, the presence-chamber, C2.—OF. parement; also chambre de parement, the Chamber of Presence (Cotg.).
Parfit, adj. perfect, S2, PP, GS, W; parfyt, PP; perfyt, C; parfight, C; perfit, C3, W; perfight, C.—OF. parfit, parfeit; Lat. perfectum.
Parfitliche, adv. perfectly, PP; perfitliche, PP; parfitly, C2, CM; parfitli, W; perfytliest, superl., H.
Parfournen, v. to perform, PP, C2, CM, SPD (p. 280); parforme, PP; perfourne, PP; performen, PP.—AF. parurnir, parfournir, to perform, to furnish. Cf. Furnish.
Cross-reference could not be identified.
Parische, sb. parish, PP; parisch, PP; paresche, PP; parsche, PP.—OF. paroisse; Church Lat. paroecia (also parochia); Gr. παροικία.
Parischen, sb. parishioner, Cath., C; parisschens, pl., PP, S2; parshens, PP.—OF. paroissien. See above.
Paritorie, sb. pellitory, C3, SkD; peritorie, the wall-plant bartram, Manip.; paratory, colitropium, Voc.; parietary, HD.—OF. paritoire, pellitory (Cotg.) and paritarie (Alph.); Late Lat. paritaria (Alph.); Lat. parietaria, from paries, wall.
Parlement, sb. parliament, conference, PP, S2.—AF. parlement, from OF. parler, to talk; Low Lat. parabolare (Brachet).
Parlesy; see Palesy.
Parloure, sb. the conversation room in nunneries, PP; parlowr, ‘colloquotorium,’ Cath.; parlur, S.—OF. parloir; Church Lat. parlatorium (Ducange).
Parochien, sb. parishioner, PP; perrochioun, S3; paroschienes, pl., PP.—OF. parochien; Church Lat. parochianum; from parochia. See Parische.
Partie, sb. part, portion, PP; partye, party (in a law suit), PP; party, side, S2; parties, pl., parts, S2. Phr.: a party, partially, S2.—AF. partie (partye), person; Lat. partita, divided.
Partly, adv. briskly; see Perk.
Partriche, sb. partridge, S3, PP; partrich, C; pertryche, Prompt.—AF. perdrice, perdriz; Lat. perdicem.
Parvis, sb. the open space in front of St. Paul’s cathedral, HD; parvys, C, CM; parvyse, HD; parvyce, Prompt.—OF. parvis, the porch of a church, the outer court of a palace (hence Low Lat. parvisum), parevis, pareïs, paraïs; Late Lat. paradisum (acc.), the portico of St. Peter’s, Rome (Ducange), also paradise (Vulg.); Gr. παράδεισος. For the intercalation of v in OF. parvis, see Brachet (s.v. corvée).
Pas, sb. a step, pace, pass, passage, canto, narrow path, C2, C3, PP, S2; paas, C3; pass, S2; pace, Prompt.; pas, pl., S2; pases, S2.—AF. pas; Lat. passum (acc.).
Paschen, v. to dash, to strike; pash, HD; paschte, pt. s., PP; passhed, pp., passchet, pp., S2.
Paske, sb. passover, W, PP, HD; pask, W.—AF. pask; Church Lat. pascha; Gr. πάσχα; Heb. pesak, a passing-over.
Passamen, sb. a kind of lace, SPD 170 (p. 272), HD; passements, pl., SPD, DG. Comb.: passamen lace, NQ (5. 9. 231); parchment lace, SPD.—OF. passement, a lace (Cotg.): It. passamáno (Florio); cp. Sp. passamáno, G. posament (Weigand). Cf. Perchmentier.
Passen, v. to pass, surpass, PP, C2, C3; pace, S2, C2, C3; to die, C2; y-passed, pp., PP; pasand, pr. p., S3.—AF. passer.
Passyng, pr. p. as adv. surpassing, i.e. very, S3; adj., C3.
Passyngly, adv. in a surpassing degree, S3.
Pas-tans, sb. pastime, S3; pastance, S3; pastaunce, HD.—OF. passe-tans, passe-tens, passe-temps.
Patter, v. to repeat prayers, to say repeatedly, S3; patred, pt. s., S3 (n), HD.—From Church Lat. pater, the first word in the pater-noster (‘Our Father’).
Paue, v. to pave; y-paued, pp., S3.—OF. pauer.
Pauement, sb. pavement, C2; pauiment, SkD; pament, S3, Voc., Cath. (n), H; pawment, Prompt.—AF. pavement; Lat. pauimentum.
Paume, sb. palm of the hand, PP; pawme, PP, W, Prompt.; pame, Voc. Comb.: palme-play, game of ball played with the hand, S3.—OF. paume, palm of the hand; Lat. palma; cp. F. jeu de paume, tennis.
Pautener, sb. a vagabond, a libertine, HD; adj., rascally, ribald, B.—OF. pautonier, paltunier, a rascal (Bartsch); cp. Low Lat. paltonarius (Ducange). For cognates see SkD (s.v. paltry).
Pauilon, sb. pavilion, tent, PP; pauilyoune, S2; pauiloun, lawyer’s coif, PP; pauyloun, coif, PP; pauylons, pl., tents, S2.—AF. pavillon, tent; Lat. papilionem, a tent, a butterfly.
Pavyce, sb. a shield, defence, Prompt.; pauice, SkD; pauys, Prompt. (n), SkD, Voc., HD; pavisse, HD; pauish, Prompt. (n), HD; paluoise, Florio (s.v. testudine); palueise, Florio (s.v. pauese).—AF. pavise; Low Lat. pavisium (acc.), also pavesium; cp. OF. pavois (Cotg.); Low Lat. pavensem (Ducange).
Pavyser, sb. a soldier armed with a pavise, HD.
Pax-brede, sb. a tablet with a crucifix which received from the worshippers the ‘osculum pacis,’ Voc., HD. See Bred (2).
Paye, sb. satisfaction, HD, S2, PP; paie, S2; pay, S2.—AF. paie.
Payen, v. to please, satisfy, pay, PP, S2, H; payed, pp., satisfied, PP; paied, W; payd, S2; paid, S2; y-payed, C.—OF. paier, to satisfy, pay: Prov. pagar; Lat. pacare.
Payen, adj. and sb. pagan, heathen, C; as a personal name, Bardsley; payn, S; paene, S; payns, pl., S; paynes, S; pains, S; paens, S; payens, S2, C3, CM.—AF. païen; Late Lat. paganum, heathen.
Payn, sb. bread, PP; payne, PP. Comb.: payn-demayn, bread made of the finest flour, C2; paynmayn, Voc.; paynemayn, C2 (n); payman, Voc., HD.—OF. pain demaine, demeine; Church Lat. panem dominicum, bread of our Lord.
Payne, sb. penalty, S2; see Peyne.
Paynyme, sb. heathendom, S; painime, S; paynym, a pagan, Saracen (an incorrect use), PP, H; payneme, S2; paynymes, pl., PP; painems, HD (s.v. payen).—AF. paenime, heathen lands, paganism; OF. paienisme; Late Lat. paganismum (ace.). See Payen.
Paynymery, sb. paganism, Cath.
Peak, v. to pry about narrowly, to peep, ND. Comb.: peak-goose, a peaking goose, ND; peek-goos, S3; pea-goose, ‘a simple, doltish fellow, a noddy peak, a ninny-hammer, a coxe,’ Cotg. (s.v. benet).
Peakish, adj. looking sneakingly, ND.
Peas, sb. peace, S3; see Pees.
Pease, v. to become peaceable; peaste, pt. s., S3.
Pece, sb. a bit, portion, a cup, S2, PP, Prompt., Cath., Palsg., HD; peyce, S3.—AF. pece, piece; cp. Low Lat. pecia, a piece (Voc.), a cup (Ducange).
Pecok, sb. peacock, PP; pecoke, Voc.; pekok, PP; pacoke, Cath.; pacok, Voc.; pakok, PP; pocok, PP, C; pokok, PP; pocokk, Voc.; pokoc, Voc.; pacokkis, pl., S3.—AS. péa (páwo); Lat. pauo; see Sievers, 37. 2. Cf. Poun.
Peekgoose, sb. a silly fellow, S3; see Peak.
Peel, sb. skin, rind of fruit, Cotg. (s.v. coupeau).—OF. pel; Lat. pellem.
Pees, sb. peace, silence, S2, C2, W, PP; pes, S, S2; peas, S3; pays, PP; pais, S.—AF. pees, pes, OF. pais; Lat. pacem.
Peesid, pp. appeased, W2.
171Peirement, sb. damage, detriment, W.
Peiren, v. to injure, PP, CM; peyren, PP; peired, pp., S2.—OF. peirier; Late Lat. peiorare; cp. OF. empeirier, to become worse, to make worse, impair (Bartsch).
Peiryng, sb. damage, destruction, W.
Peis, sb. weight, PP; peys, S2, PP; peyce, Prompt.; peise, S3, Prompt.; poys, S3.—OF. peis (pois); Lat. pensum.
Peisen, v. to weigh, W2; peysede, pt. s., S2; peised, PP; poised, PP.—AF. peiser (poiser); Lat. pensare.
Peitrel, sb. breast-plate of a horse in armour, HD; peytrel, C3, Prompt.; pewtrel, Manip.; peytrelle, CM; paytrelle, HD, Voc.; pettrylle, Voc.—AF. peitrel; Lat. pectorale.
Pelet, sb. pellet, stone-ball, S2, PP, Cath., CM, Prompt.; pelot, Prompt.; pylotes, pl., Cath. (n).—AF. pelote, ball, cp. It. pillótta (Florio); dimin. of Lat. pila.
Pelle, sb. a pall, Prompt.; see Palle.
Pelrimage, sb. pilgrimage, S; see Pylgrimage.
Pelte, pt. s. pushed, S; see Pulten.
Pelure, sb. fur-work, PP; pellure, S2, Prompt., PP.—AF. pelure, OF. peleüre (from OF. pel); Late Lat. pellatura, from Lat. pellem, skin.
Pen, sb. a pen, enclosure, crib, Sh., SkD; penne, caula, Manip.; penez, pl., S2. See Pynnen.
Penaunce, sb. suffering, punishment, penance, penitence, W, C, PP.—OF. penance, peneänce; Lat. poenitentia.
Penauncer, sb. one who imposes a penance, PP.
Penaunt, sb. one undergoing penance, C2, PP; penawnte, Prompt.—OF. penant, peneänt; Lat. poenitentem.
Pencell, sb. a little banner, pennon, S2; pensel, PP, CM; pensell, Palsg., Cath. (p. 280 n).—OF. penoncel, pennoncel, dimin. of pennon, a flag, streamer. See Penoun.
Penible, adj. careful to please, C2; see Peyneble.
Penid, sb. a pennet, little wreath of sugar taken in a cold, sugar-candy, Florio (s.v. diapiéde); penet, Florio; pennet, ND, Cotg., PP, Notes (p. 110); penydes, pl., Alph.—OF. penide (Cotg.); Late Gr. πηνίδιον, a little twist of thread, from Gr. πήνη, thread. Cf. Dia-penidion.
Penne, sb. quill of a feather, Voc.; a pen, Cath.; pennes, pl., S2, W2.—AF. penne; Lat. penna.
Penoun, sb. a pennon, small banner, SkD; pynoun, C; penounes, pl., S3.—AF. penon, feather of a cross-bow bolt, OF. pennon, feather of an arrow, flag, streamer; cp. It. pennóne (Florio).
Peny, sb. penny, S2; penye, S; peny, S2; peni, S; pens, pl., W, S2, S3, C3; pons, S2; pans, W. Comb.: penny-breid, penny’s breadth, S3.—AS. pening (Mk. 12. 15), penning (Schmid), pending, a little pledge or token (SkD); cp. OHG. phending (Tatian), dimin. of phand; Lat. pannus, a piece of cloth; Late Lat. pannum, pledge, something pledged or pawned (Ducange). Cf. Pane.
Peosen, sb. pl. peas, S2; see Pese.
Per-; see also under Par-.
Perauntere, peradventure, H; see Par.
Percelmel, adv. bit by bit, S2; see Parcel-mele.
Percen, v. to pierce, S2, PP, C2; persen, W, PP; perche, Cath., HD; pershaunt, pr. p., PP; persand, S3; pearst, pp., S3; persid, W2.—AF. percer; OF. percher; Late Lat. *particare, to part. For suffix -icare, cp. Late Lat. *coacticare (whence F. cacher); see BH, § 97. Cp. also OF. person = partitionem, Ps. 15. 6 (Apfelstedt).
Perchmentier, sb. dealer in ‘parchment lace,’ S3.—Cp. It. passamentiere (Florio). See Passamen.
Percyl, sb. parsley, S2; percil, PP; percyll, Prompt.; parcelle, Cath.; persylle, Voc.; percelle, Cath.; persile, Alph.—OF. persil; Late Lat. petrocillum (Voc.); from Gr. πετροσέλινον. For the effect of the Greek accent see Brachet, and cp. F. encre (Enke).
Pere, adj. and sb. equal, a peer, PP, C2; per, SkD; peer, PP, C2; peare, S3; peres, pl., PP; pieres, S3.—AF. per (pl. pers, peres); Lat. parem.
Pere, sb. pear, Voc., Cath.; peere, Prompt.; perys, pl., CM. Comb.: peere apple, Prompt.; pere-ionette, an early ripe pear, PP; perjonette, CM.—AS. pere, peru; Lat. pirum. Cf. Pereye.
Peregrin, adj. foreign; peregryn, C2.—OF. peregrin; Lat. peregrinum. Cf. Pylgrim.
172Peregrin, sb. a kind of falcon, HD.—Cp. Late Lat. peregrina falco (Ducange).
Peren, v. to appear, P.—OF. pareir (paroir); Lat. parēre, to appear.
Pereye, sb. perry, S2, Voc.; perre, Prompt.; pirrey, Cath.; pirre, Cath. Comb.: piri-whit, white perry, S2, PP.—OF. perey, peré, peiré (mod. poiré), from peire (mod. poire), pear; cp. Late Lat. piretum (Voc.), from pirum.
Perfet, adj. perfect, C3, W; see Parfit.
Perk, adj. proud, pert, elated, HD; perke, ND; pert, SkD; partly, adv., briskly, S3.
Perken, v. to smarten, to trim, SkD (s.v. pert); pyrkis, pr. s., S3.
Pernel, sb. Pernel, or Parnel, a common female name, S2, Bardsley; purnele, a concubine, PP.—OF. Peronelle; Late Lat. Petronilla, name of a saint.
Perreye, sb. jewelry, precious stones, PP; perreie, S2; perrye, C, PP, HD; perrey, S2; perree, C2.—AF. perrye; OF. pierrerie, precious stones; from OF. piere, pere; Lat. petra, stone.
Pers, adj. dark rich blue, sky-coloured, bluish grey, CM, C; perss, S3.—OF. pers (Bartsch); cp. It. perso, Low Lat. persus, perseus (Ducange).
Perte, adj. manifest, obvious, S2, PP; adv. openly, PP. See Apert.
Pertelyche, adv. plainly, evidently, S2; pertelich, PP; pertly, truly, S2; openly, P; pertely, completely, S2.
Pes, sb. peace, S, S2; see Pees.
Pese, sb. a pea, PP; peose, PP; peese, PP; pesen, pl., PP; peosen, S2; peses, PP. Comb.: pese-coddes, pea-pods, S2, P; pes-codes, S3; pese-lof, loaf made with peas, P.—AS. piose (pyse, pise), pease; Lat. pīsa, pl. of pīsum.
Pesibilte, sb. a calm, W. See Pees.
Pesible, adj. peaceful, W2.—OF. paisible; Late Lat. pacibilem.
Pesiblenesse, sb. calm, S2, W; pesibilnesse, W.
Pettail, sb. rabble, B; see Pitaile.
Pettes, sb. pl. pits, S2; see Pyt.
Peyne, sb. pain, penalty, C2, W, PP; peine, S2; payne, S2.—AF. payne, paine, OF. peine; Late Lat. pēna; Lat. poena. Cf. Pyne.
Peyneble, adj. pains-taking, S2; penyble, HD; penible, C2.—OF. penible, laborious.
Peynen, v. reflex. to take pains, PP, S2, C2; peyned, pp., punished, W.
Peynten, v. to paint, CM, PP; peynt, pp., S3, CM; peynted, C2; y-peynt, S3.—From OF. peint, pp. of peindre; Lat. pingere, see Brachet.
Peynture, sb. picture, CM.—OF. peinture (AF. painture).
Phantasie, sb. fancy, S3.—Gr. φαντασία.
Philautia, sb. explained ‘philosophy’, S3; philautie, self-love, ND.—Gr. φιλαυτία, self-love.
Philosophre, sb. philosopher, C2, C3; philosophres, pl., C3; philosophers, PP.—OF. philosophe; Lat. philosophum (acc.); Gr. φιλόσοφος, a lover of wisdom. For the r added in the English word, cp. chorister for F. choriste.
Picchen, v. to pitch, to fix, to pick, divide with a sharp point, P; pitchinge, pr. p., W; piȝte, pt. s., SD; pighte him, pitched, fell, SkD; piȝten, pl., W; piht, pp., PP; piȝt, WA; pight, S3, PP, ND; pyȝte, PP. Cf. Pyken.
Pich, sb. pitch, S; see Pikke.
Pigge, sb. pig, porcellus, Manip.; pygge, Prompt. Comb.: pigsnie, ‘pig’s eye,’ a term of endearment, ND; piggesneyghe, CM; pigsny, ND, S3.
Pike, v. to pitch, S; pykke, Cath.
Pikke, sb. pitch, Cath.; pyk, Prompt.; pyche, Prompt.; pych, S; pich, S.—AS. pic (Voc.); Lat. picem.
Piler, sb. pillar, S, PP, C2, C; pyler, PP; pilere, W; pylere, Prompt.—AF. piler; Low Lat. pilare (Ducange).
Pillage, sb. plunder; pyllage, SkD; pilage, WA.
Pillen, v. to peel, Prompt.; pille, Cath.; pill, Cotg., WW; pilie, PP; pilled, pp., bald, WW, Prompt.; piled, C; pilde, peeled, bare, S3. Phr.: pille garleke, vellicare, Cath.—OF. peler (Cotg.), also piller (Palsg.); Lat. pilare, to deprive of hair, from pilus, hair.
Pillen, v. to plunder, CM, ND; pylle, S3; pilen, PP; pil, H; pylen, PP; pylled, pt. pl., S3.—OF. piller (Cotg.); Late Lat. pilare (Ducange).
Pillery, sb. rapine, ND.
Pilling, sb. robbery, S3.
Pillour, sb. plunderer, PP; piloure, PP; pyllars, pl., S3.
Pilwe, sb. pillow, CM; pilewe, S2; 173 pilous, pl., CM.—AS. pyle (= *pulwi); Lat. pulvinus; cp. OHG. phuliwi (Tatian).
Pilwe-beer, sb. pillow-case, C; pillowe-bere, Cath.; pyllo-berys, pl., HD.
Pinchen, v. to find fault, C3; pynche, C; i-pynched, pp., plaited, C. Phr.: I pynche courtaysye, je fays le nyce, Palsg.—OF. pincer; It. picciare, to pinch with a beak (Florio); from piccio, a beak, bill (Florio).
Pirie, sb. pear-tree, S2, P.—AS. pirige (Voc.). See Pere.
Piri-whit, sb. white perry, S2; see Pereye.
Pirries, sb. pl. storms of wind, S3; see Pyry.
Piscence, sb. might, S3; see Puissance.
Pistle, sb. epistle, PP, W, S3; pystyl, Prompt.; pistil, PP, C2; pistill, WA; pistlis, pl., W.—OF. epistle (epistre, Cotg.); Lat. epistola; Gr. ἐπιστολή, message.
Pitaile, sb. footsoldiers, infantry, S2; pettaill, rabble, B; pitaill, B; pitall, B.—AF. pitaille, foot-soldiers, OF. pietaille, a troop of footmen (Cotg.); from OF. piet; Lat. pedem.
Pitaunce, sb. provision, share, portion, dole, PP, C, CM; pytaunce, PP; pytawnce, Prompt.—OF. pitance (Bartsch); Low Lat. pictancia (Ducange).
Plage, sb. plague (= Lat. plaga), W; plague, Sh.; plagis, pl., W.—Lat. plāga (Vulg.); Gr. πληγή, a blow, stroke, plague (LXX); cp. OF. plaie.
Plage, sb. a region, Cath.; plages, pl., S2, C3, HD.—OF. plage, a region, land, sea-coast (Cotg.); Lat. plāga (Vulg.).
Plaid, sb. plea, dispute in a law-court, S; plait, S; plee, Prompt.; placitum, Voc.; ple, SkD, W; play, SkD; place, pl., pleas, S3.—AF. plait, play, OF. plaid, plait, plat, proceedings in a law-court, a trial, law-court; Late Lat. placitum, literally, what is pleasing, hence a decision, law-court, pleading.
Plaidi, v. to plead, bring a complaint, argue, S; plede, PP; placitare, Voc.; plete, PP, S3, Prompt.—AF. plaider, OF. pleidier.
Plaiding, sb. pleading, S; pledyng, PP; pletynge, S3, Prompt.
Plat, adj. flat, level, Prompt.; adv. completely, fully, JD, C2.—OF. plat.
Platly, adv. fatly, fully, S3, HD, Prompt.
Plate, sb. plate-armour, S2, C2; plates, pl., PP.—AF. plate, a plate of metal, bullion, silver-plate, f. of plat, flat.
Platte, pt. s. reflex. threw himself flat, PP, S2.
Playn, adv. plainly, clearly, C2, C3; see Pleyn.
Playne, v. to complain, S2, PP; playn, S3; pleyne, PP, C2; pleyn, S3; plane, S3; pleignen, pr. pl., S2; pleynand, pr. p., S2; plenand, H.—OF. plaign-, stem of plaignant, pr. p. of plaindre (pleindre); Lat. plangere.
Playnte, sb. complaint, lament, PP; pleinte, C2; pleyntes, pl., C3.—OF. pleinte; Late Lat. plancta, from Lat. plangere.
Playnyng, sb. complaint, S3.
Playte, sb. a fold, plica, Prompt.; pleytes, pl., plaits of a cord, HD.—OF. pleit, a fold; Lat. plicitum, folded. Cf. Plite.
Playten, v. to fold, Prompt.; plettand, pr. p., S3; pletede, pt. s., S2.
Pleinte, sb. complaint, C2; see Playnte.
Plenere, adj. full, PP; adv. in full numbers, PP; plener, PP, HD.—OF. plenier; Late Lat. plenarium.
Plenerliche, adv. fully, HD; plenerly, S2.
Plenissen, v. to fill; plenyst, pp., S3.—From OF. pleniss-, stem of plenissant, pr. p. of plenir, from Lat. plenum.
Plentee, sb. plenty, C2; plente, Prompt.—OF. plenté; Lat. plenitatem.
Plenteuous, adj. plenteous, abundant, C, PP; plenteuouse, W; plentiuous, SkD; plentefous, H; plentuos, S2; plenteus, SkD.—OF. plentivous.
Plenteuouslier, adv. comp. more plenteously, W.
Plenteuousnesse, sb. plenteousness, HD.
Plentuuste, sb. plentifulness, H.
Plesaunce, sb. pleasure, kindness, PP; plesance, B, S2, Cath., C2.—OF. plaisance.
Plete, v. to plead, S3, PP, HD, Prompt.; see Plaidi.
Pletede, pt. s. plaited, folded up, S2; see Playten.
Pley, sb. play, C2; pleie, S.—AS. plega, brisk motion, fight, play (OET).
174Pleyen, v. to play, amuse oneself, PP, C2; pleien, S, PP; pleiden, pt. pl. refl., S2.—AS. plegian, to play on an instrument (OET), to play, ‘ludere,’ to move briskly (Grein), plegan (Sievers, 391): OS. plegan, to wager, to answer for; cp. OHG. plegan (Otfrid).
Pleyn, adj. even, level, plain, clear, Prompt., C, C3; playn, B; adv. plainly, clearly, C3; playn, C3.—AF. plain; Lat. planum.
Pleyn, v. to complain, S3; see Playne.
Pleyn, adj. full, C, C3, PP.—OF. plein; Lat. plenum.
Pleynly, adv. fully, C.
Pliht, sb. danger, S2; pliȝt, WA.—AS. pliht (OET.).
Plihten, v. to pledge, plight, PP, S2; plyghte, PP, Prompt.; pliȝte, S; plyghte, pt. s., PP; plyȝhten, pl., PP; pliht, pp., PP, S2; plyht, S2; pliȝt, PP; plyȝt, S3; plight, PP; plyght, C3; i-pluht, S; y-pliȝte, PP; i-pliȝt, S2.—AS. plihtan, to imperil, to venture (Schmid).
Plihtful, adj. dangerous, S2.
Plite, sb. state, condition, manner, SkD (p. 822), CM, WA; see Plyte.
Plouh, sb. plough, PP; plow, Prompt.; plewch, B; plouȝ, PP; ploh, S2; plewys, pl., S3. Comb.: plouh-fot, plough-foot, PP; plow-lond, a measure of land, carrucata, S2; plowelond, Voc.; plowlond, Prompt.; ploghe of lande, Cath.; plowes of lond, G; plow-man, ploughman, C2, PP; plouȝman, PP; pluch-ox, plough-ox, S3; plowstert, plough-tail or handle, Prompt.—Icel. plógr, plough; cp. AS. ploh, ploughland (SkD), OHG. pluag, plough (Otfrid).
Plukken, v. to pluck, PP, Prompt.; plokken, PP; plyghte, pt. s., CM, C2, PP; plyght, pp., C2 (p. 290).—AS. pluccian.
Plume, sb. feather; plumes, pl., PP; plomys, S3.—OF. plume; Lat. pluma.
Plye, v. to bend, C2.—AF. plier; Lat. plicare, to fold.
Plyght, pp. plighted, pledged, C3; see Plihten.
Plyghte, pt. s. plucked, pulled, C2; see Plukken.
Plyte, sb. state, condition, Prompt., C3, WA; plite, CM, WA; plit, S2.—OF. plite, SkD (p. 822), pliste; Late Lat. *plicita, from Lat. plicare, to fold. Cf. Playte, Plye.
Poer, sb. power, S2; poeir, S2; power, Prompt.; powere, army, WA; pouwer, PP.—OF. poër, poeir; Late Lat. potēre, to be able.
Poised, pt. s. weighed, PP; see Peisen.
Poke, sb. a bag, Cath., PP, S; pooke, Prompt.; poc, S2; powke, PP; pouhȝ, PP.—Cp. ODu. poke.
Poket, sb. pocket, Prompt.; pokets, pl., C3.
Pokke, sb. pustule, Prompt.; poke, Voc.; pokkes, pl., C3, Voc., PP.
Pokok, sb. a peacock, PP; see Pecok.
Polcat, sb. polecat, C3; pulkat, Prompt., Voc.; pulcatte, SkD; powlkat, SkD.—ME. pol-; OF. pole, polle; Lat. pulla. Cf. Pulte.
Poletes, sb. pl. pullets, S2; see Pulte.
Polische, v. to polish, PP; pulische, Cath.; puliche, Cath.; polsche, PP; pulsche, PP; pulched, pp., S3.—From OF. poliss-, stem of polissant, pr. p. of polir; Lat. polire.
Poll, sb. poll, head, WW; head, person, WA; pol, PP; polles, pl., PP. Comb.: poll-ax, pole-axe, C; polax, CM.
Poll, v. to cut off the hair, WW, Manip.; powled, pt. pl., WW; pollid, pp., W, W2; powled, WW. Comb.: polled hen, C (p. 125); pulled hen, bald, moulting hen, C.
Polle, v. to get money unfairly, by extortion, Palsg.; poll, spoliare, Manip., S3, ND, Sh.—The same word as above.
Poller, sb. an extortioner, ND.
Polling, sb. unfair exaction, S3.
Polyue, sb. pulley, C2, CM; polyff, ONE (1. 108).
Pomade, sb. cider, PP.
Pomage, sb. cider, HD.
Pome, sb. pomade, S3. Comb.: pome-water, a kind of apple, HD; pom-water, the apple of the eye, HD.—OF. pome, apple; Lat. pomum.
Pomel, sb. a knob, a boss, C, W2; pomels, pl., S3; pomelles, HD.
Pomely, adj. spotted like an apple, C, C3; pomelee, HD. Comb.: pomely gris (= gris pommelé), dapple grey, Cotg.—OF. pommelé.
Ponne, sb. pan, PP; see Panne.
Pons, sb. pl. pence, S2; see Peny.
Pope, sb. the pope, PP; pape, S. Der.: popetrie, popery, S3.—AS. pápa; Church Lat. papa.
175Popet, sb. puppet, C2, SkD, CM.—OF. poupette.
Popyngay, sb. parrot, popinjay, S3; see Papejay.
Poraille, sb. poor people, C; see Poueraill.
Porchas, sb. gain, winnings, S2; see Purchas.
Pore, adj. poor, S2; see Pouer.
Poret, sb. a kind of leek, PP, Prompt.; porettes, pl., S2, P.—OF. porrette (Cotg.).
Pors, sb. purse, S2; see Purse.
Portatyf, adj. portable, light, P.—OF. portatif, lively of body (Cotg.).
Porte, sb. gate, WW; port, Sh.; portis, pl., S3.—AF. porte; Lat. porta.
Portrey, v. to pourtray, FP; purtreye, PP; purtraye, PP; purtreied, pp., S3; portred, S3; porturat, S3.—OF. portray-, stem of portrayant, pr. p. of portraire; Late Lat. protrahere.
Porueid, pp. provided, S2; see Purueyen.
Pose, sb. cold in the head, S2, Prompt., Cath., Palsg., Voc., C3.—Wel. pas, a cough; for cognates see SkD (s.v. wheeze), and Brugmann, § 441.
Possen, v. to push, S, PP, CM, Prompt.; posshen, PP.—OF. pousser, poulser; Lat. pulsare, frequent. of pellere.
Pot, sb. a vessel for cooking or drinking from, SkD. Comb.: pot-parlament, a talk over one’s cups, S3; pot-sherd, pot-sherd, S3; pot-styk, pot-stick, motarium, Voc.; pot-stykke, motorium, Voc.; pot-stick, S3.
Potte, pt. s. put, S2; see Putten.
Pouderen, v. to powder, SkD; poulderen, S3; pulderit, pp., S3.—OF. poudrer, poldrer; Lat. puluerare.
Poudre, sb. powder, C3, W; pouder, PP; poudir, W; poulder, HD; pulder, S3. Comb.: poudre marchaunt, flavouring powder, C.—AF. poudre, puldre, OF. *pulre; Lat. puluerem, dust.
Povn, sb. peacock, S3.—OF. poun, paon; Lat. pauonem; see BH (Introd., 27). Cf. Pe-cok.
Pound, sb. pound, PP; punde, dat., S; pownd, pl., S2. Comb.: pound-mele, by pounds at a time, PP, S2; pound-mel, P.—AS. pund; Lat. pondus, a weight.
Pound, sb. an enclosure, pound, pond, S2; pond, SkD; ponde, Prompt.; poonde, Cath. Comb.: pondfolde, a pound, pin-fold, PP; poundfalde, PP; ponfolde, PP.—AS. pund, an enclosure (Schmid).
Pouren, v. to pore, gaze steadily, C3; pore, CM; powre, C; pure, S; pirith, pr. s., PP.
Pous, sb. pulse, PP, CM; pouce, S2; powce, Prompt.—OF. pouls, polz; Lat. pulsum (acc.).
Poustè, sb. power, P, B, HD, H (77. 65); poste, HD; potestat, W; poustees, pl., violent attacks, PP; potestatis, powers, W.—AF. pouste, poëste, OF. podeste; Lat. potestatem.
Pout, v. to poke, to stir with a long instrument, JD. Comb.: pout-staff, a net fastened to two poles, used for poking the banks of rivers, JD, S3.
Poueraill (Poveraill), sb. the poor people, B; purraile, PP; poraille, PP, C; porails, pl., W2.—AF. poverail.
Pouertè (Povertè), sb. poverty, meanness, shabbiness, PP, C2, WA; powerte, B; pouert, WA, PP, S2, S3, C3, W, W2.—OF. povertè; Late Lat. paupertam; see Constans (Supplément, p. 32).
Poure (Povre), adj. poor, S, PP, S2, C2; pouere, PP, S2; pouer, S2; pore, S, S2; pure, S2, S3; pouerore, comp., S2; pourest, superl., C2; poure, adv., C2.—OF. povre; Lat. pauperem.
Poureliche (Povreliche), adv. poorly, C2; pourely, C.
Poynt, sb. point, a small portion, a bit, S2; poynte, Prompt. Phr.: at the poynt, conveniently placed, S2; in point, at the point, about to, S2.—OF. point; Lat. punctum. Comb.: point-deuys, at point-deuys, with the greatest exactness, in detail, minutely, CM, C2; point-device, HD.—OF. point; Lat. punctum.
Poyntil, sb. a style to write with, W, W2, poyntyle, Voc.—OF. pointille.
Poys, sb. weight, S3; see Peis.
Prane, sb. prawn, Prompt., Manip., Palsg., ND; praune, SkD; pranys, pl., S3.—OF. *parne, *perne; Lat. perna, a ham; cp. It. perna, a nakre fish (Florio). For the changes in meaning, cp. It. gambarelli, prawns (Florio), from gamba, a leg.
Pranglen, v. to press; prangled, S.—Cp. Du. prangen; Goth. praggan, to press.
Prank, adj. full of sensational tricks; pranker, comp., ND.
Pranken, v. to arrange the folds of a dress, SkD, Prompt., Palsg., HD; prancke, ND; pranke, to frisk about, Manip.
176Pranker, sb. one who dresses gaily, ND.
Prankie, adj. fine, gorgeous, S3.
Praty, adj. pretty, elegantulus, Prompt.; prestans, Cath.; pretie, scitus, facetus, Manip.; prately, adv., CM.—Cp. Late Lat. practicus, ‘peritus’ (Ducange).
Prayabill, adj. to be entreated, H.
Prayen, v. to pray, PP; see Preyen.
Prechen, v. to preach, C2.—OF. precher (prescher); Lat. praedicare.
Prechour, sb. preachers, PP; prechoures, pl., PP, S3.—OF. precheör; Lat. praedicatorem.
Predicament, sb. in logic, one of the most general classes into which things can be distributed; predicamentes, pl., S3.—Schol. Lat. praedicamentum.
Preie, sb. prey, S; pray, Prompt., PP; prayes, pl., spoils, S2.—OF. preie (mod. proie); Late Lat. prēda; Lat. praeda); cp. AF. praie.
Prente, sb. print, impression, SkD; prent, S3; preynt, Prompt.; prynte, PP, W.—OF. preint, pp. of preindre; Lat. premere, to press.
Prenten, v. to print, impress, CM; preentyn, Prompt.
Prentis, sb. apprentice, S2, P; prentyce, Prompt.; prentys, PP; pl., PP; prentises, PP. See Aprentis.
Prentishode, sb. apprenticeship, PP.
Presse, sb. a press, throng, SkD, PP; pres, CM, C2; prees, CM, S2, C2, C3; prease, Cotg., S3; preace, S3.—AF. presse, a throng.
Pressour, sb. press for cloth, S2, PP; winepress, W; pressoure, pressorium, Cath.; presour, W; pressours, pl., W2.—OF. pressoir; Lat. pressorium.
Prest, adj. ready, quick, G, S2, S3; adv., PP, S3; presteste, superl., S2; prestest, P; prestliche, adv., readily, PP; prestly, PP; prestely, S2.—AF. prest; Late Lat. praestum (Ducange).
Prest, sb. priest, S, PP, S2, C2; preest, PP; preeste, Prompt.; preostes, pl., S2; prestes, S2; prustes, S2.—AS. préost; Church Lat. presbyter (Vulg.); Gr. πρεσβύτερος, elder (LXX).
Preste, adj. superl. (for pret-ste), proudest, highest, S2; see Proud.
Presthod, sb. presthood, PP; preesthood, Prompt.
Preuen, v. to prove, try, test, abide a test, C2, C3; see Prouen.
Prevy, adj. privy, secret, S3; see Pryue.
Preyen, v. to pray, C2, PP, Prompt.; preien, PP, S, S2; preith, pr. s., S2; preiȝede, pt. s., PP; preide, S, PP; preyd, S2; y-prayed, pp., S2, C2.—AF. preier (praier); Late Lat. precare. (Lat. precari).
Preyere, sb. prayer, Prompt., S2, C2; preiere, PP.—AF. preiere: It. pregaria; Church Lat. precaria.
Pricasour, sb. a hard rider, C, CM.
Price, sb. high esteem, S2; see Prys.
Pricket, sb. a buck; see Pryket.
Primate, sb. the first place, H.—Lat. primatus (Vulg.).
Primordyall, sb. origin, S3.—OF. primordial; Church Lat. primordialem (Ducange).
Prim-seȝnen, v. to give the prima signatio, to sign with the cross, an act preliminary to christening; primm-seȝȝnesst, 2 pr. s., S; y-primisined, pp., S2.—OF. primseigner (Ducange); cp. Icel. primsigna.
Principatus, sb. pl. powers, dominions, rulers, W.—Lat. principatus (Vulg.).
Prisun, sb. prison, S.—AF. prisun; Lat. prensionem, prehensionem, a taking, a capture. Cf. Pryson.
Prisun, sb. a prisoner; prisunes, pl., S; prysouns, PP; prysuns, H; prisons, S2; prisounes, P; presons, WA.—AF. prisoun, OF. prison; see Constans.
Prisuner, sb. gaoler, keeper of a prison, S.
Proces, sb. narrative, history, C2, HD, WA.—OF. procès; Lat. processum.
Proche, v. to approach; prochinge, pr. p., S3.—OF. procher (in approcher); Late Lat. propiare.
Procuratour, sb. proctor, agent, PP; procuratoure, steward, W; proketowre, Prompt.—AF. procuratour; Lat. procuratorem (Vulg.).
Profyte, sb. profit, Prompt.; prophete, PP.—AF. profit; Lat. profectum.
Profyten, v. to profit, Prompt.; profitide, pt. s., grew, W; prophitide, pl., S2.
Proheme, sb. a proem, prologue, C2.—OF. proëme; Lat. proemium; Gr. προοίμιον.
Proinen, v. to prune, preen, trim, adorn, SkD, HD, ND; proigne, HD; prune, CM, SkD; proynd, pp., S3.—OF. progner, also provigner, to propagate by 177 taking cuttings (Cotg.); from OF. provin, a sucker (Cotg.), also provain; Lat. propaginem.
Proiner, sb. pruner, ND.
Prollen, v. to search about, prowl, C3, Prompt., Palsg.; proule, Manip.
Promissioun, sb. promise. Phr.: the lond of promyssioim (or of beheste), the Holy Land, S2.—Lat. promissionem; cp. terra repromissionis (Heb. II.9, Vulg.).
Promyt, v. to promise, S3, JD.—Lat. promittere; cp. OF. prometre.
Propre, adj. separate, distinct, PP, C2; fine, goodly, PP, C3; proper, S2.—AF. propre, fit; Lat. proprium.
Propreliche, adv. properly, suitably, PP.
Proprete, sb. property, peculiarity, SkD; propirte, PP; propertes, pl., S2, WA; propurtes, PP.—OF. proprieté, a property (Cotg.); Lat. proprietatem.
Prospectyues, sb. pl. perspective glasses, C2. Comb.: prospective glass, telescope, C2 (n).—OF. prospective, ‘the prospective, perspective or Optick art’ (Cotg.).
Proud, adj. proud, PP, WA; prowd, PP; prout, PP, S2; prud, S; prut, S; prute, pl., S; prude, S; preste (pretste), superl., S2.—AS. prút; cp. Icel. prúðr.
Proue, sb. proof, S3; preue, CM, C2; preef, C3; prief, S3.—OF. preuve; Late Lat. proba; from Lat. probare.
Prouen, v. to prove, try, test, PP, S; preouen, S2, PP; preuen, PP, C2, C3; pruf, imp. pl., 1, S2; preuede, pt. s., S2; proued, pl., S2; preued, pp., S3.—OF. prover (prouver); Lat. probare.
Prouende, sb. food, Manip.; prouendre, food, PP; a prebend, ecclesiastical benefice, PP, CM.—OF. provende (provendre); Church Lat. praebenda, a ration, allowance, see BH (Introd. § 40).
Prouendre, sb. a prebendary, SkD.—OF. provendier.
Prouendren, v. to provide with prebends, P.
Prouendreres, sb. pl. men who hold prebends, S2, PP.
Prouisours, sb. pl. men named by the pope to a living not vacant, S2, PP.—Church Lat. provisores (Ducange).
Prow, sb. profit, advantage, C, C3, G, H, PP, HD; prou, H.—OF. prou, pru, advantage (Bartsch).
Prowesse, sb. prowess, S2; pruesse, S.—AF. pruesse, OF. proece.
Prustes, sb. pl. priests, S2; see Prest.
Prut, adj. proud, S; see Proud.
Pryde, sb. pride, PP; prute, S2; prude, PP, S, S2; pruyde, P; pruide, PP, S2; pride, S2 (p. 74).—AS. prýte. See Proud.
Prydeles, adj. void of pride, C2.
Pryen, v. to pry, PP, C3; prien, PP; pry, Cath.; prie, 1 pr. s., Palsg.
Pryk, sb. a sting, Prompt.; prik, point, WA.
Pryket, sb. a young buck, capriolus, Prompt.; pricket, a buck in his second year (named from his pricking horns), S3, HD, Cotg. (s.v. dagard).
Prykie, v. to prick, goad, spur, ride fast, PP; prikken, C2, Prompt.; pryghte, pt. s., C2.
Prykiere, sb. rider, horseman, PP.
Prykke, sb. a broach, Prompt.; prikke, puncture, sting, C, C2.
Pryklyng, pr. p. urging, S3.
Pryme, sb. the period from six o’clock to 9 a.m., also 9 a.m., Prompt., S, PP, C2, C3; prime, S, S3, WA. Phr.: heiȝ prime, high prime, 9 a.m., PP. Comb.: prime-tide, prime, S.—Church Lat. prima.
Prymer, sb. primer, C2.
Pryns, sb. prince, PP; prynce, Prompt.—AF. prince; Lat. principem.
Prynshode, sb. princely dignity, W; prinshod, W.
Prynte, sb. print, W; see Prente.
Prys, sb. price, prize, value, excellence, high esteem, C, C2, PP; pris, S, S2, PP; price, WA, S2; pryce, Prompt.—AF. pris; Lat. prĕtium, see BH, § 32.
Prys, adj. prize, chief, PP; pris, S2; prijs, S3.
Prysen, v. to set a price, Prompt.; priss, to prize, S2.
Pryson, v. to put in prison, Prompt.; y-prisoned, pp., G. See Prisun.
Prysonere, sb. prisoner, captive, Prompt.; prisonere, PP.—OF. prisonier, AF. prisuner.
Pryue, adj. secret, intimate, PP, S2; priuee, C2, C3; priuei, S2; prevy, S3; priuee, adv., C2; priues, sb. pl., secret friends, P; priueliche, adv., secretly, S2, 178 PP; priuely, C2; pryuely, C2.—AF. prive; Lat. priuatum.
Pryuen, v. to deprive, Prompt.; prife, H; pryuyd, pt. s., H.—OF. priver; Lat. priuare.
Pryuete, sb. privity, secret counsel, PP; priuitee, S2, C2, C; pryuyte, S2.—AF. privete.
Psalme, sb. psalm, H, PP; see Salm.
Psautere, sb. psalter, H (p. 3); see Sauter.
Publisshen, v. to make public, PP, C2; puplische, W (Mt. 1. 19); pupplische, S2; publice, imp. s., PP.—A form due to analogy from OF. publier; Lat. publicare.
Pucelle, sb. a girl, maiden; pucell, S3.—OF. pucelle, pulcelle; dimin. from Lat. pullus, the young of any animal; cp. OF. polle, maiden (Bartsch). Cp. Pulte, Polcat.
Pukken, v. to poke, push, incite, P; pukked, pt. s., P.
Pulched, pp. polished, S3; see Polische.
Pulte, sb. pullet, Prompt.; poletes, pl., S2, PP.—OF. polete; dim. of pole, polle; Lat. pulla. Cf. Pucelle, Polcat.
Pulten, v. to push, beat, strike, put, PP, S2; pelte, PP; pilte, PP, SkD (s.v. pelt); pulte, pt. s., PP; pult, PP, S2; pelte, S; pelt, PP; i-pilt, pp., G; pilt, S, SkD.
Pulter, sb. poulterer, Cath.—AF. poleter, pulleter.
Pultrie, sb. poultry, S3, C, Prompt.; pultery, name of a London street, the Poultry, S3.—AF. pultrie, poletrie.
Punde, sb. dat. pound; see Pound (1).
Puple, sb. people, PP, Prompt., W2; pupel, S2; poeple, PP; puplis, pl., W2.—OF. peuple, poeple (AF. people); Lat. populum.
Pur, adj. pure, thorough, complete, S2, PP; pure, PP, S3, C; puir, PP; puire, PP; pur, adv., completely, S2; pure, merely, very, S3; purlyche, adv., purely, completely, S3.—OF. pur; Lat. purum.
Purchacen, v. to acquire, purchase, PP; purchasen, C3.—AF. purchacer, to pursue, to acquire; OF. porchacier.
Purchas, sb. gain, winnings, C, G; porchas, S2.—AF. purchas.
Purchasour, sb. prosecutor, C.—AF. purechasour.
Purchasyng, sb. prosecution, C.
Purfil, sb. the furred trimming of a dress, P; purfyle, P; purfle, a hem, Manip.
Purfilen, v. to embroider on an edge, to purl, C, P; purfle, Cotg.—OF. pourfiler, from filer, to twist threads, from fil, thread; Lat. filum.
Purpre, sb. purple garments, S, PP; purpire, H (44. 11); purpour, adj., S3; purpur, W; purpres, pl., purple coverings, S.—AF. purpre; Lat. purpura.
Purpurat, adj. of a purple colour, S3.—Lat. purpuratus, clad in purple.
Purpuresse, sb. a seller of purple (= purpuraria), W.
Purse, sb. purse, bag, PP, S, C3; purs, PP, C2, C; porse, PP; pors, S2.—AS. purs (Engl. Studien, xi. 65, 1.36); Late Lat. bursa; Gr. βύρση, a skin.
Purtenaunce, sb. appurtenance, belongings, PP; purtenance, the intestines of an animal, WW; portenaunce, Palsg.; purtenancis, pl., S3.—OF. appartenance (Cotg.).
Purtreied, pp. pourtrayed, S3; see Portrey.
Purveour, sb. purveyor, PP, SkD.—AF. purveour.
Purveyaunce, sb. providence, provision, plan, means of getting, equipment, W; purveiance, S2, C3; purueance, S2.—AF. purveaunce, OF. pörveänce; Lat. providentia.
Purueyen, v. to provide, W2, C2, PP; puruay, S2, H; poruayen, H; porueynde, pr. p., S2; purueid, pp., S3; pourveid, S2; porueid, S2.—AF. purveier, purvëer, for OF. porvëoir; Lat. prouidēre.
Puðeren, v. to poke about, S (9. 96).
Putten, v. to put, push, PP, W; puten, S; puiten, PP; puttide, pt. s., S2; potte, S2; pot, pl., S2; putten to, added, assented, W; put, pp., H; y-put, C3; i-put, G.
Puttynge, sb. pushing, instigation, H.
Puyssant, adj. powerful, SkD; puissant, S3.—OF. puissant, poissant; Late Lat. *pocsentem, *possentem (cp. It. possente), from Lat. posse, to be able; see Constans (Notes, p. 23).
Puyssaunce, sb. might, power, HD; puysaunce, S3; piscence, S3.—OF. puissance, poissance.
179Pykare, sb. a little thief, Prompt.; pykers, pl., PP.
Pyke, sb. a pike, pointed pole, staff furnished with a spike, Prompt.; pyk, S2; pykis, pl., thorns, prickles, S3. Comb.: pyk-staf, pike-staff, PP.
Pyken, v. to pick, to steal, PP, Prompt.; picke, WW; pykkand, pr. p., S3; pikid, pt. s., PP. Comb.: pyke-herneis, plunderers of armour, PP; pyke-hernois, PP; pyke-porse, one who steals a purse, PP; picke-purse, S3; pick-purse, a name for Paris, S3 (p. 374); pike-purs, C. Cf. Picchen.
Pykeys, sb. a mattock, tool for digging, Prompt.; pykoys, P; pycows, Voc.—OF. picois (Ducange).
Pylche, sb. a furred garment, Voc., HD, Prompt.; pilche, S3, HD, ND. Comb.: pilche-clut, a pilch-clout, rag of a pilch, S.—AS. pylce; Lat. pellicia, made of fur (Voc.).
Pylgrim, sb. pilgrim, PP; pilegrym, S; pelegrim, SkD; pylgrymes, pl., PP.—Prov. pellegrins; Lat. peregrinus; cp. OF. pelerin. See Peregrin.
Pylgrimage, sb. pilgrimage, PP; pelrimage, S.—AF. pilrymage; OF. pelerinage.
Pyment, sb. spiced wine and honey, CM, Voc.; pirment, nectar, Voc., HD; pymente, Prompt.—OF. piment, pigment (Bartsch); Late Lat. pigmentum (Ducange).
Pynden, v. to shut in the pound, Cath.; punt, pr. s., S.—AS. pyndan (in for-pyndan); cp. Icel. pynda. See Pound.
Pynder, sb. a pindar, pinner, one who impounds stray cattle, Cath., Bardsley; pyndare, Prompt.; pinder, ND; pynner, Manip., Bardsley; pinner, Bardsley.
Pyne, sb. anguish, torment, S, S3, C2, C3; pyn, S2; pines, pl., S, S2; pynes, S2; pine, S; pinen, S; pynen, S2.—AS. pín; Late Lat. pēna, see Sievers, 69. Cf. Peyne.
Pynen, v. to torment, S2; pinen, S; pyns, pr. s., S2; pinede, pt. s., suffered, PP; pynede, S2; pined, pp., S; tormented, S2; y-pyned, S2; i-pined, S.—AS. pínian (BT).
Pyning, sb. torture; pining, S. Comb.: pynyng-stoles, stools of punishment, cucking-stools, PP, S2.—AS. pínung.
Pynne, sb. pin, peg, bolt, bar, PP; pyn, G.—AS. pinn, pin, peg (BT).
Pynnen, v. to shut up, enclose, pen, PP; pinnen, PP, S2; pennen, SkD.—AS. pennan (in on-pennan).
Pynoun, sb. a pennon, C; see Penoun.
Pyony, sb. peony, Prompt.; pyon, Cath.; pyany, Prompt.; piones, pl., seeds of the peony, P; pyonies, PP.—OF. pione, pion (Cotg.); Lat. p(a)eonia; Gr. παιωνία, the peony.
Pyry, sb. storm of wind, gust, Prompt.; pyrie, S3 (p. 437); pirie, HD, Prompt. (n); pyrry, Palsg., ND: pirrie, S3, ND; perrie, Prompt. (n), ND; berrie, Cotg. (s.v. tourbillor); berry, Florio (s.v. cróscia d’ácque), HD.
Pyt, sb. pit, pool, Prompt.; put, S. PP; pit, S; pytte, Prompt.; putte, S, PP, S2; pette, S2.—AS. pytt; Late Lat. *putius; Lat. puteus.
Quad, adj. and sb. evil, bad, the Evil One, MD, C2; qued, MD, PP; cwed, MD; quet, MD; kueade, dat., S2; queade, S2; quede, S2.—AS. cwead; cf. Du. kwaad.
Quad, pt. s. quoth, S; see Queðen.
Quaile, v. to wither, to die, S3 (28a. 91), SkD, ND. Sh.; to overpower, intimidate, ND, SkD, Sh.
Quain, sb. trouble, mourning, S2.—AS. *hwán (see below).
Quainen, v. to lament, MD (s.v. hwenen); whene, MD.—AS. hwánan (in á-hwǽnan, BT).
Quair, sb. quire, book, S3; quayre, Manip., CM; quayer, Voc.—OF. quayer (F. cahier), Prov. cazern for cadern; It. quaderno; Lat. quaternum; cp. Late Lat. quaternio a sheet folded in four (Voc.). See Quartern.
Quaken, v. to quake, tremble, S2; cwakien, S; quakede, pt. s., PP, MD; quok (strong form), PP; quook, C2, SkD; quoke, S2, H.—AS. cwacian.
Quakynge, sb. trembling, Prompt., MD; quakyng, W.—AS. cwacung.
Qual, sb. whale, MD, Cath. (n); qwal, 180 Prompt.; qwaylle, Cath.; quale, S2; whal, W2; hwel, MD; qualle, pl., S2, Cath. (n); quhalis, S3, Cath. (n).—AS. hwæl.
Qualm, sb. death, pestilence, S2, H; cwalm, MD; qualme, dat., C.—AS. cwealm. See Quelen.
Quarel, sb. a square-headed cross-bow bolt, quarrel, WA, SkD; quarelle, S2; quarrel, WA, ND.—AF. quarel, cross-bow bolt; Late Lat. quadrellum (ace.), a quarrel, a square tile, dimin. of Lat. quadrus, square.
Quarere, sb. quarry, Prompt.; quareres, pl., S2.—OF. quarriere (Cotg.); Late Lat. quadraria, quarry, deriv. from quadrus. See above.
Quartern, sb. prison; cwarterne, dat., MD; quarterne, S, MD.—AS. cweartern, prison, perhaps for AS. quatern, ‘quaternio’ (OET). Cp. Fr. caserne (Sp. caserna), barracks; Lat. quaterna (see Brachet); an etym. illustrated by the Fr. sea-term casernet, log-book, a deriv. of Lat. quaternum, see Diez, p. 755 (s.v. cahier).—See Quair.
Quarteroun, sb. a quarter, P, HD; quartrun, PP.
Quat, Quað, pt. s. quoth, S; see Queðen.
Quatriuials, sb. pl. the quadrivials, the quadrivium, the four higher sciences: astrology, geometry, arithmetic, music, S3 (14. 511).—From Late Lat. quadrivium, the four mathematical sciences; in Lat. a place where four ways meet.
Quave-mire, sb. quagmire, HD; quamier, DG.
Quauen, v. to shake, S2, PP, Prompt.; quave, HD, JD, DG.
Quauynge, sb. shaking, MD.
Quayle, v. to curdle, to coagulate, Palsg., Prompt., Manip.—OF. coailler Lat. coagulare.
Quaynt, adj. prudent, wise, H; quaynte, quaint, curious, WA; see Coint.
Quayntis, sb. wisdom, prudence, H; see Cointise.
Quayre, sb. quire, book, CM see Quair.
Queade, sb. evil, iniquity, S2; see Quad.
Queale, sb. a blister, pimple, pupula, Manip.; see Whele.
Quecchen, v. to shake, MD; qvycchyn, Prompt.; quytche, Palsg.; quitch, Cotg. (s.v. oeil); cwehte, pt. s., MD; quehte, MD.—AS. cweccan.
Qued, adj. bad, S2, PP; see Quad.
Quedschipe, sb. wickedness, MD; queadschipe, S; cweadschipe, S.
Queere, sb. quire, choir, Prompt.; queer, W2; quere, W2; queir, S3.—OF. choeur (Cotg.); Lat. chorum (acc.); Gr. χορός.
Quek, adj. living, S2; see Quik.
Quelen, v. to die, MD; cwelen, MD.—AS. cwelan, pt. cwæl (pl. cwǽlon), pp. cwolen. Cp. OHG. quelan, ‘cruciari’ (Tatian).
Quellen, v. to kill, S, S2, C3, C; quelde, pt. s., S; cwelled, pp., S.—AS. cwellan; cp. OHG. quelen ‘cruciare’ (Tatian), quellen (Otfrid).
Quellere, sb. executioner, MD.—AS. cwellere.
Queme, adj. pleasing, S, MD; qweme, convenient, WA; cweme, S; wheme, MD.—AS. (ge)cwéme, from c(w)óm, pt. of cuman; cp. OHG. (bi)queman, to come to, to suit, fit (Otfrid); see Kluge (s.v. bequem). See Comen.
Quemeful, adj. placable, W2.
Quemen, v. to please, S, H, PP; cwernen, S; cwemde, pt. s., S; i-quemd, pp., S; i-cwemet, S.—AS. cwéman.
Quenchen, v. to quench, S, Prompt., S3, SkD; cwennkenn, S; queynte, pt. s., MD, S2; queynt, pp., MD, C; y-kuenct, S2; quenchid, W2.—AS. cwencan.
Quene, sb. queen, wife, woman, quean, S, C2, C3, WA; quen, S, C; cuen, S; kuen, MD; kwene, S; cwene, MD.—AS. cwén; cp. OHG. quena, wife (Otfrid); for root see Brugmann, § 467, 3.
It should be noted that E. queen is not precisely the same word as E. quean. For queen is the phonetic equivalent of AS. cwén, Goth. kwēns, whereas quean represents AS. cwĕne, Goth. kwĭno.
Querel, sb. a complaint, dispute, quarrel, S2, W2; querele, SkD.—AF. querele; Late Lat. *querella, for Lat. querēla.
Querne, sb. hand-mill, C2, Prompt., Palsg., MD; queerne, W.—AS. cweorn; cp. Goth. kwairnus; see Brugmann, § 442.
Querrour, sb. quarry-man, CM. See Quarere.
Quest, sb. an inquiry, jury, verdict, G.—OF. queste, a quest (Cotg.). Quest is used for the proper legal term enquest; OF. enqueste.
Queste, sb. will, bequest, G; quiste, S. A corrupt form of Quide (q.v.), influenced by the above word.
Queðen, v. to speak, MD; cweðen, S, MD; cwað, pt. s., S; cweð, S; queð, S; quað, S, S2; quoð, S; quat, S; quad, S; quod, S, S2, C2; koth, S3; couth, MD; 181 cothe, MD; hwat, MD; wat, S; ko, S3; i-cwede, pp., S.—AS. cweðan, pt. cwæð (pl. cwǽdon), pp. ge-cweden.
Queynt, adj. prudent, fine, quaint, MD; queynte, S3, C2, MD; see Coint.
Queynte, pt. s. was extinguished, S2; see Quenchen.
Queyntelich, adv. skilfully, neatly, MD; queynteli, S3; see Cointeliche.
Queyntise, sb. skill, S3; see Cointise.
Quide, sb. speech, bequest, MD; cwide, S, MD.—AS. cwide; cp. OHG. quiti, ‘testimonium’ (Tatian). See Queðen.
Quidities, sb. pl., S3.—From Late Lat. quiditas, a term of the Schoolmen; that which relates to the essence of a thing, having reference to the question quid est, what is it? Cp. OF. quidditatif, ‘quidditative, doubtful, full of quirks, contentions, wrangling’ (Cotg.).
Quik, adj. and adv. living, quick, flowing (of water), S, S2, W; quic, S, S2; quek, S2; quyk, S3, W, W2; cwic, S; cwike, S; cwuce, S; quicke, S; quike, pl., S, S2; quyke, S, C; quycke, S3.—AS. cwic (cuc); cp. OHG. quek (Otfrid).
Quikie, v. to cause to revive, also, to be kindled, PP; quike, C3; quyke, C; cwikien, MD.—AS. cwician.
Quikliche, adv. quickly, PP; quicliche, S2.
Quiknen, v. to give life, to receive life, SkD; quykene, W, W2.
Quiste, sb. will, bequest, S; see Queste.
Quiten, v. to repay, PP; see Quyten.
Quitter, sb. filth that runs from a wound, HD: quytur, rottenness, HD; quytere, W2; quitture, DG.
Quod, pt. s. quoth, S, S2, C2; see Queðen.
Quok, pt. s. quaked, C2; see Quaken.
Quoynte, adj. skilful, MD, HD; see Coint.
Quoynteliche, adv. skilfully, MD; see Cointeliche.
Quoyntyse, sb. quaintness of dress, PP; quointise, stratagem, S2; see Cointise.
Quyk, adj. living, moving, S3, W, W2; see Quik.
Quyk-myre, sb. quagmire, S3.
Quyknar, sb. giver of life, S3.
Quyr-boilly, sb. boiled leather, used for making defensive armour, C2.—OF. cuir bouilli (Cotg.).
Quyrry, sb. the quarry, the dog’s share in the slaughtered game, S3; quyrre, SkD (s.v. quarry, p. 824); guerre, SkD.—OF. cuiree; Late Lat. coriata, from Lat. corium, hide, skin (OF. cuir).
Quyten, v. to requite, repay, settle, satisfy, S2, C2, C3, PP, W, H; quiten, S2, PP; quitte, pt. s. G; qwit, H; quyt, pp., PP; y-quit, C2.—OF. quiter; Late Lat. quietare.
Quytly, adj. quite, H; whitely, H.
Quytter, v. to twitter, S3.